To describe:
The components, structure, and function of the cell membrane; how the different components of cell membrane contribute to their function; and the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes.
Introduction:
There is a basic structure which is common to all types of cell membranes- double phospholipid layer, with proteins dangled in between. The main role of the phospholipid layer is to separate the cell contents from the interstitial fluid, and also the organelles from the fluid present inside the cells. On the other hand, proteins mainly optimize the biochemical processes, and help in the interaction between adjacent cells; and they also help in the essential selective exchange of nutrients.
This type of structure of the cell membrane is termed as a fluid mosaic model by S. J Singer and G. L. Nicolson. To remain functional, cell membranes have to remain fluid. This fluidity increases with an increase in temperature due to increased vibrations of molecules whereas, in cooler temperature, the fluidity of the cell membrane decreases.
The change in membrane fluidity is stabilized by the presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes, which decreases fluidity in higher temperatures and increases it at lower temperatures.
Various proteins that are suspended in the phospholipid layers form a mosaic structure. These proteins constitute five different categories- enzymes, connection proteins, recognition proteins, receptor proteins, and transport proteins.
To determine:
How the different components of cell membrane contribute to their function
Introduction:
The basic structure which is common to all types of cell membranes is a double phospholipids layer, with proteins dangled in between. To remain functional, cell membranes have to remain fluid. Various proteins that are suspended in the phospholipid layers form a mosaic structure. These proteins constitute five different categories- enzymes, connection proteins, recognition proteins, receptor proteins, and transport proteins.
To describe:
The fluid mosaic model of cell membranes.
Introduction:
A fluid mosaic model comprises a fluid which is formed by the two layers of phospholipids, and a mosaic of different types of proteins amidst the phospholipids bilayer.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
Biology
- ethical considerations in medical imagingarrow_forwardPlease correct answer and don't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solutionarrow_forward2. In one of the reactions of the citric acid cycle, malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate. When this reaction is considered in isolation, a small amount of malate remains and is not oxidized. The best term to explain this is a. enthalpy b. entropy c. equilibrium d. free energy e. loss of energyarrow_forward
- 18. The citric acid cycle takes place in a. the chloroplasts b. the cytosol c. the inner mitochondrial membrane d. between the two mitochondrial membranes e. the mitochondrial matrix 40 WILarrow_forward8. Most reactions of anaerobic respiration are similar to a. aerobic respiration b. photosynthesis c. lactic acid fermentation d. alcoholic fermentation e. both c and darrow_forward12. Which of the following molecules can absorb light? a. Pigments b. Chlorophyll c. Rhodopsin d. Carotenoids e. All of the abovearrow_forward
- Which of the following proteins or protein complexes is directly required for the targeting of mitochondrial inner membrane multipass proteins, such as metabolite transporters, whose signal sequence is normally not cleaved after import? OA. TIM22 OB. TIM23 C. OXA OD. Mia40 OE SAMarrow_forwardQUESTION 9 An animal cell has been wounded and has a small rupture in its plasma membrane. Which of the following is more likely to happen next? OA. The cell rapidly cleaves by cytokinesis. OB. The rate of receptor-mediati endocytosis is increased. OC. The rate of exocytosis is increased. OD. The rate of pinocytosis is increased.arrow_forwardFor the a subunit of a trimeric G protein, A. a G-protein-coupled receptor GPCR) acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), whereas a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) can act as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP). B. a GPCR acts as a GAP, whereas an RGS can act as a GEF. C. both a GPCR and an RGS can act as a GEF. O D. both a GPCR and an RGS can act as a GAP OE. None of the above.arrow_forward
- A cell expresses a transmembrane protein that is cleaved at the plasma membrane to release an extracellular fragment. The fragment binds to receptor proteins on nearby cells and activates signaling pathways resulting in altered gene expression patterns in the cells. What form of intercellular signaling does this represent? OA. Contact-dependent signaling B. Paracrine signaling OC. Synaptic signaling D. Endocrine signaling E. Autocrine signalingarrow_forwardWhich of the following drive nuclearly encoded proteins import into the mitochondrial matrix? OA. ATP hydrolysis OB. Membrane Potential OC. K+ Ions OD. A and B OE. None of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true regarding Cholesterol import into the cell? OA. It is transported within LDL B. Receptor mediated endocytosis is involved OC. Release of cholesterol occurs in the Lysosome D. All of the above are true statements OE. None of the above are true statementsarrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education