Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199047
Author: John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 99QRT
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The chemical symbol of ground-state atom contains a single electron in
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The chemical symbol of ground-state atom with no p electrons has to be given.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The chemical symbol of ground-state atom that forms
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Students have asked these similar questions
(a) Why do successive IEs of a given element always increase? (b) When the difference between successive IEs of a given element is exceptionally large (for example, between IE1 and IE2 of K), what do we learn about its electron configuration? (c) The bars represent the relative magnitudes of the first five ionization energies of an atom: Identify the element and write its complete electron config uration, assuming it comes from (a) Period 2; (b) Period 3; (c) Period 4.
What is meant by the ground state of an atom?
(a) All of the quantum numbers have their lowest values
(n = 1, l = m = 0).
(b) The principal quantum number of the electrons in the
outer shell is 1.
(c) All of the electrons are in the lowest energy state,
consistent with the exclusion principle.
(d) The electrons are in the lowest state allowed by the
uncertainty principle.
Boron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.
(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B?
(b) Draw the orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons?
(c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons in boron differ from its 2s electrons.
(d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas.
(e) ΔHf° for BF3(g) is -1135.6 kj/mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in the reaction of boron with fluorine.
(f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Ch. 5.1 - In the upper atmosphere there is solar radiation...Ch. 5.1 - A fellow chemistry student says that low-frequency...Ch. 5.1 - One type of solar radiation in the upper...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 5.2PSPCh. 5.2 - Prob. 5.3ECh. 5.3 - Prob. 5.4ECh. 5.3 - Prob. 5.3PSPCh. 5.3 - The hydrogen atom contains only one electron, but...Ch. 5.3 - (a) Calculate the frequency and the wavelength of...Ch. 5.3 - Show that the value of the Rydberg constant per...
Ch. 5.4 - Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 5.7ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.8ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.6PSPCh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.9ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.10CECh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.11ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.12ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.13CECh. 5.7 - Use atomic orbital box diagrams to determine which...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 5.7PSPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.15ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.8PSPCh. 5.8 - (a) What Period 3 anion with a 2 charge has the...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 5.10PSPCh. 5.8 - Fluoride ion, F, has no unpaired electrons....Ch. 5.9 - Prob. 5.11PSPCh. 5.10 - Which of these isoelectronic ions, Ba2+, Cs+, or...Ch. 5.11 - Prob. 5.13PSPCh. 5.13 - Consider these ionic compounds: KCl, CaS, CaO,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 2QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 3QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 4QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 5QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 6QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 7QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 8QRTCh. 5 -
Write the electron configurations for the valence...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 11QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 12QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 13QRTCh. 5 - The colors of the visible spectrum and the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 16QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 17QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 18QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 19QRTCh. 5 - Light of very long wavelength strikes a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 21QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 22QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 23QRTCh. 5 - A photoemissive material has a threshold energy,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 25QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 26QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 27QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 28QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 29QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 30QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 31QRTCh. 5 - Calculate the energy and wavelength of the photon...Ch. 5 - Calculate the energy and the wavelength of the...Ch. 5 - Spectroscopists have observed He+ in outer space....Ch. 5 - Prob. 35QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 36QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 37QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 38QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 39QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 40QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 41QRTCh. 5 - Give possible values for all four quantum numbers...Ch. 5 - Prob. 43QRTCh. 5 - Assign a correct set of four quantum numbers for...Ch. 5 - Prob. 45QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 46QRTCh. 5 - Assign a correct set of four quantum numbers for...Ch. 5 - Prob. 48QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 49QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 50QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 51QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 52QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 53QRTCh. 5 - Titanium metal and Cr2+ have the same number of...Ch. 5 - Consider a 2+ ion that has six 3d electrons; which...Ch. 5 - Prob. 56QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 57QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 58QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 59QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 60QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 61QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 62QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 63QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 64QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 65QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 66QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 67QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 68QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 69QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 70QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 71QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 72QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 73QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 74QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 75QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 76QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 77QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 78QRTCh. 5 - Use electron configurations to explain why (a)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 80QRTCh. 5 - Arrange these elements in order of increasing...Ch. 5 - Prob. 82QRTCh. 5 - Arrange these elements in order of increasing...Ch. 5 - Prob. 84QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 85QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 86QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 87QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 88QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 89QRTCh. 5 - Compare the elements B, Al, C, Si. (a) Which has...Ch. 5 - Prob. 91QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 92QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 93QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 94QRTCh. 5 - Determine the lattice energy for LiCl(s) given...Ch. 5 - Prob. 96QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 97QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 98QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 99QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 100QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 101QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 102QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 103QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 104QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 105QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 106QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 107QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 108QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 109QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 113QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 114QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 115QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 116QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 117QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 119QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 120QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 121QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 123QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 124QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 125QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 126QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 127QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 128QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 129QRTCh. 5 - Calculate the effective nuclear charge, Z, on...Ch. 5 - Prob. 131QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 133QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 134QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 135QRTCh. 5 - According to a relationship developed by Niels...Ch. 5 - Prob. 137QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 138QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 139QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 140QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 141QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 142QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 143QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 144QRTCh. 5 - Prob. 5.ACPCh. 5 - Prob. 5.CCP
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- Look up the van der Waals constants, b, for H2, N2, O2, and Cl2. Based on the periodic table, predict atomic radii for H, N, O, and Cl. Use these values to explain the sizes of the b constants.arrow_forwardHow many unpaired electrons are there 111 the following ions? (a) V3+(b) Sn4+(c) I-(d) W4+arrow_forwardBoron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Drawthe orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons inboron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation forthe reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF31g2 is -1135.6 kJ>mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in thereaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?arrow_forward
- (a) Identify the number of electrons in the ground-state outer shell of atomic oxygen (atomic number 8).(b) How many electrons are in the ground-state outer shell of fluorine?arrow_forwardQuestion 20 Answer the following questions: (a) Without using quantum numbers, describe the differences between the shells, subshells, and orbitals of an atom. (b) How do the quantum numbers of the shells, subshells, and orbitals of an atom differ? Question 21 Identify the subshell in which electrons with the following quantum numbers are found: (a) n = 2, l = 1 (b) n = 4, l = 2 (c) n = 6, l = 0arrow_forward23. Tin (in group 14) can form both Sn²+ and Snª+ ions, but magnesium (in group 2) forms only Mg²+ ions. (a) Write condensed ground-state electron configurations for the ions Sn²+, Sn++, and Mg²+. (b) Which neutral atoms have ground-state electron configurations identical to Sn²+ and Mg²+? (c) Which 2+ ion is isoelectronic with Sn++?arrow_forward
- Number 5arrow_forwardWrite the charge and full ground-state electron configuration of the monatomic ion most likely to be formed by each:(a) Rb(b) N(c) Brarrow_forwardGive the shell electron configuration for the following. (For example, the shell electron configuration of lithium is written 2,1.) (a) argon (b) magnesiumarrow_forward
- Identify each statement as true or false: (a) Cations are largerthan their corresponding neutral atoms. (b) Li+ is smallerthan Li. (c) Cl- is bigger than I-.arrow_forwardWrite the ground-state electron configurations of the following ions. (a) Li+ (b) N3− (c) In3+ (Use the noble gas core electron configuration in your answer.) (d) Tl+ (Use the noble gas core electron configuration in your answer.)arrow_forwardUsing only their location in the periodic table, rank the atoms in each set by decreasing atomic size. Explain your answers. (a) Mg, Be, Ba (b) Se, Br, Cl (c) Ca, Se, Gaarrow_forward
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