Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199047
Author: John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 143QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Enthalpy of formation of Calcium chloride has to be calculated by using Born-Haber cycle.

Concept Introduction:

Born-Haber cycle:

The enthalpy of formation of ionic crystals are calculated by addition of enthalpies of atomization, ionization, affinity and lattice enthalpy, it is given by Born-Haber so it is called as Born-Haber cycle.

(a)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

Enthalpy of formation of Calcium chloride is calculated as,

  Ca(g)++Cl(g)-CaCl(s)ΔHrex=latticeenergy=-744 kJCa(g)Ca(g)++e-ΔHrex=590kJe-+Cl(g)Cl(g)-ΔHrex=-349kJCa(s)Ca(g)ΔHsub=178kJ12Cl2(g)Cl(g)ΔH=12BE=12(242kJ)Ca(s)+12Cl2(g)CaCl(s)ΔH=-204kJ¯

Hence, the enthalpy of formation of Calcium chloride is -204kJ.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy change of CaCl2 formation reaction has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

Hess's Law:

The enthalpy change of given reaction is calculated by subtraction of sum of enthalpy of formation reactants from sum of enthalpy of formation reactant products.

  ΔHrex=ΔHproduct-ΔHreactant

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The enthalpy change of given reaction is calculated as,

  2CaCl(s)CaCl2(s)+Ca(s)

Substitute the standard and calculated values in below equation to get enthalpy change of given reaction.

  ΔHrex=ΔHproduct-ΔHreactantΔHrex=[ΔH(CaCl2)+ΔHCa]-2ΔHCaCl(g)=(-795.8kJ/mol)+(0kJ/mol)-2(-204kJ/mol)=-388kJ/mol

Hence, the enthalpy change of given reaction is -388kJ.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for the stability of is CaCl2 higher than CaCl has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part (a).

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

In part (b), is CaCl lose energy when reacting to produce CaCl2, it is exothermic reaction.

The stability is higher from the lower energy product so CaCl2 is lower energy than CaCl.

Hence, the CaCl2 is more stable than CaCl.

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Chapter 5 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

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