Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 8TYU
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY
Extensive irrigation in arid regions causes salts to accumulate in the soil. (When water evaporates, salts that were dissolved in the water are left behind in the soil.) Based on what you have learned about water balance in plant cells, explain why increased soil salinity (saltiness) might be harmful to crops.
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Properties of Water & Membrane Function
Dr. Isley (a.k.a. Poison Ivy) is teaching a master class on botany. Explain to her the
following concepts so that she will keep her promise to release Batman and Robin
from captivity!
Part 1: Plants absorb water through special cells in their roots. For the water to enter
the root cells, does the water need to be hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic to the
inside of the cell? Briefly explain your reasoning?
Part 2: Based on your answer in Part 1, would there be more hydration shells in the
extracellular (surrounding) water or inside of the root cells? (one word answer)
Part 3: First, explain why water is a polar molecule. Then, discuss how the polar
nature of water allows it to form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules and how
this relates to the ability for water to form hydration shells.
1. Channel proteins used for the bulk passage of water molecules across the cell membrane?2. The tonicity of the extracellular fluid that maintains the turgid appearance of plant cells?3. The tonicity of the extracellular environment causing plasmolysis of plant cells?4. Plant cells are said to be flaccid in this type of cellular environment or solution?
This is from osmosis in plant cells
Chapter 5 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 5.1 - Plasma membrane proteins have carbohydrates...Ch. 5.1 - WHAT IF? How would the membrane lipid composition...Ch. 5.2 - What property allows O2 and CO2, to cross a lipid...Ch. 5.2 - Why is a transport protein needed to move many...Ch. 5.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Aquaporins exclude passage of...Ch. 5.3 - How do you think a cell performing cellular...Ch. 5.3 - WHAT IF? If a Paramecium caudatum cell swims from...Ch. 5.4 - Sodium-potassium pumps help nerve cells establish...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the characteristics of the...
Ch. 5.5 - As a cell grows, its plasma membrane expands. Does...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In Concept 4.7, you learned that...Ch. 5.6 - During an epinephrine-initiated signal in liver...Ch. 5.6 - When a signal transduction pathway involves a...Ch. 5.6 - WHAT IF? How can a target cells response to a...Ch. 5 - In what way do the membranes of a eukaryotic cell...Ch. 5 - Which of the following factors would tend to...Ch. 5 - Phosphorylation cascades involving a series of...Ch. 5 - Lipid-soluble signaling molecules, such as...Ch. 5 - Which of the following processes includes all the...Ch. 5 - Based on Figure 5.17.which of these experimental...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 5 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Extensive...Ch. 5 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Paramecium and other...Ch. 5 - FOCUS ON INTERACTIONS A human pancreatic cell...Ch. 5 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE In the supermarket,...
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- LE Manage Sources Insert Table of Figures Insert Index Insert Table Update Index Update Tal Mark Style: APA Bibliography Insert Caption Update Table Cross-reference Captions Citation F Citations & Bibliography Index Table of Auth Questions 1. A) If the potato cells were hypotonic to the surrounding solution, the surrounding solution itself would be what to the potato cells (hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic)? B) Were the potato cells submerged in water with no salt hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic to the surrounding environment? C) Were the potato cells submerged in 5 g/100mL salt solution hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic to the surrounding environment? D) Look at your graph. At approximately what concentration of salt solution would the potato cells have likely been isotonic with the surrounding solution? [Tip: Estimate approximately at what concentration there would have been no change in the average length of potato strips.] dnote -tnote tes On Search Researcher Research (-)…arrow_forwardA plant cell has a 5% percent salt concentration. It is placed into a solution containing a 12% percent salt concentration. What will happen to the plant cell?* Water will move out of the plant cell, causing it to shrivel. Water will move into the plant cell, causing it to swell and burst. Water will move into the plant cell, causing it to shrivel. Water will move out of the plant cell, causing it to swell and burst.arrow_forward Explain how this relationship between the solution in the Elodea cells (from #1) caused what you observed in the Elodea cells placed in saline solution.arrow_forward
- Please answer the first questionarrow_forwardBelow are three statements - two of which are truths and one is a lie. Which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a. Plant cells never shrink with the support of cell wall. b. Low osmolarity means high water content. c. Saltwater fish secrete salt through their gills and have concentrated urine.arrow_forwardSOLUTE EGG WATER MEMBRANE Figure 1. Consider figure 1. Predict how water will move across the membrane. Water will move into the cell to where there is a higher solute concentration. Water will move out of the cell to where there is a lower solute concentration. Water will move into the cell to where there is a lower solute concentration. The cell and solution are in equilibrium, so water will move both directions equally. 76 F Partly sunny arch O O O Oarrow_forward
- Osmosis is the diffusion of water, and can be driven by many different factors, including temperature, pressure, the nature of the location, and solute concentration. Which of these is a requirement for osmosis to occur? Water must flow from low to high water potential. Only within plant cells is pressure required. Temperature must be above 30 C. There must be a semipermeable membrane.arrow_forwardIf placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference? the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall the relative impermeability of the plant cell membrane to water the relative impermeability of the plant cell wall to water expulsion of water by the plant cell's central vacuolearrow_forwardThe following diagram shows the effect of osmotic concentration on a plant cell. Using the terms isotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic identify what is happening in each cell and state what each term means and which cell it applies to. Plant cells cell wall -nucleus cell membrane -central vacuole -chloroplast Paragraph B I U v A !!! liliarrow_forward
- The membrane in the diagram above is not permeable to the sugar in the solution, however it is permeable to water. Which of the following statements would best describe what will happen? Select ALL that apply. [mark all correct answers]a. Sugar molecules will move to side A until the concentrations on both sides are equal.b. There will be no change since the membrane is not permeable to the sugar molecules.c. Sugar molecules will move to side A at the same rate as the water molecules will move to side B.d. Water molecules will move to side B until the concentrations on both sides are equal.arrow_forwardMany fruits can be preserved by candying. The fruit isimmersed in a highly concentrated sugar solution, and thenthe sugar is allowed to crystallize. How does the sugarpreserve the fruit? (Osmosis is a very common phenomenon with fruits)arrow_forwardThe mangrove is a type of tree that lives along coasts, with its roots growing in highly saline water (water with lots of dissolved salt). Scientists have recently learned that mangroves are able to undergo a process similar to reverse osmosis in the tips of their roots. As a result, the water entering the mangrove's body is significantly less salty than the water surrounding its roots. As opposed to artificial reverse osmosis, which uses pressure generated by pumps to force water through a membrane, the mangrove's "passive" reverse osmosis uses negative pressure generated by water evaporating from the mangrove's leaves to pull fresh water through membrane-like structures in its roots. Technology based on the red mangrove's version of "reverse osmosis" is already being developed, and there is hope it may lead to a much less energy-intensive method of desalination (removing salt from water). Develop a potential explanation as to why it would be advantageous to the mangrove to desalinate…arrow_forward
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