Linear Algebra with Applications (9th Edition) (Featured Titles for Linear Algebra (Introductory))
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321962218
Author: Steven J. Leon
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 7CTB
To determine
To find the best least squares fit by a linear function
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Linear Algebra with Applications (9th Edition) (Featured Titles for Linear Algebra (Introductory))
Ch. 5.1 - Find the angle between the vectors v and w in each...Ch. 5.1 - For each pair of vectors in Exercise 1, find...Ch. 5.1 - For each of the following pairs of vectors x and...Ch. 5.1 - Let x and y be linearly independent vectors in 2....Ch. 5.1 - Find the point on the line y=2x that is closer to...Ch. 5.1 - Find the point on the line y=2x+1 that is closet...Ch. 5.1 - Find the distance from the point (1, 2) to the...Ch. 5.1 - In each of the following, find the equation of the...Ch. 5.1 - Find the equation of the plane that passes through...Ch. 5.1 - Find the distance from the point (1,1,1) to be...
Ch. 5.1 - Findthedistancefromthepoint (2,1,2) totheplane...Ch. 5.1 - If x=(x1,x2)T,y=(y1,y2)T, and z=(z1,z2)T...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 5.1 - Let x1,x2, and x3 be vectors in 3. If x1x2 and...Ch. 5.1 - Let A be a 22 matrix with linearly independent...Ch. 5.1 - If x and y are linearly independent vectors in 3,...Ch. 5.1 - Let x=(44 44) and y=(4221) Determine the angle...Ch. 5.1 - Let x and y be vectors in n and define p=xTyyTyy...Ch. 5.1 - Use the database matrix U from Application 1 and...Ch. 5.1 - Fivestudentsinanelementaryschooltakeaptitude tests...Ch. 5.1 - Let t be a fixed real number and let...Ch. 5.2 - For each of the following matrices, determine a...Ch. 5.2 - Let S be the subspace of 3 spanned by x=(1,1)T....Ch. 5.2 - a.Let S be the subspace of 3 spanned by the...Ch. 5.2 - Let S be the subspace of 4 spanned by...Ch. 5.2 - Let A be a 32 matrix with rank 2. Give geometric...Ch. 5.2 - Is it possible for a matrix to have the vector...Ch. 5.2 - Let aj be a nonzero column vector of an mn matrix...Ch. 5.2 - Let S be the subspace of n spanned by the vectors...Ch. 5.2 - If A is an mn matrix of rank r, what are the...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 5.2 - Prove: If A is an mn matrix and xn, then either...Ch. 5.2 - Let A be an mn matrix. Explain why the following...Ch. 5.2 - Let A bean mn matrix.Showthat If xN(ATA), then Ax...Ch. 5.2 - Let A be an mn matrix, B an nr matrix, and C=AB....Ch. 5.2 - Let U and V be subspaces of a vector space W. Show...Ch. 5.2 - Let A be an mn matrix of rank r and let...Ch. 5.2 - Let x and y be linearly independent vectors in n...Ch. 5.3 - Find the least squares solution of each of the...Ch. 5.3 - For each of your solutions x in Exercise 1:...Ch. 5.3 - For each of the following systems Ax=b, find...Ch. 5.3 - ForeachofthesystemsinExercise3,determinethe...Ch. 5.3 - Find the best least squares fit by a linear...Ch. 5.3 - Find the best least squares fit to the data in...Ch. 5.3 - Given a collection of points...Ch. 5.3 - The point (x,y) is the center of mass for the...Ch. 5.3 - LetAbean mnmatrixofranknandletP=A(ATA)1AT. (a)...Ch. 5.3 - LetAbean 85 matrixofrank3,andletbbea nonzero...Ch. 5.3 - Let P=A(ATA)1AT, where A is an mn matrixof rank n....Ch. 5.3 - Show that if (AIO A T )( x r)=(b0) then x is a...Ch. 5.3 - Let and let be a solution of the leastsquares...Ch. 5.3 - Find the equation of the circle that gives the...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 5.4 - Let x=(1,1,1,1)T and y=(1,1,5,3)T. Showthat xy....Ch. 5.4 - Let x=(1,1,1,1)T and y=(8,2,2,0)T....Ch. 5.4 - Use equation (1) with weight vector w=(14,12,14)T...Ch. 5.4 - Given A=(122102311) and B=( 411 3321 2 2)...Ch. 5.4 - Show that equation (2) defines an inner product on...Ch. 5.4 - Showthattheinnerproductdefinedbyequation(3)...Ch. 5.4 - In C[0,1], with inner product defined by (3),...Ch. 5.4 - In C[0,1], with inner product defined by (3),...Ch. 5.4 - In C[,] with inner product defined by (6), show...Ch. 5.4 - Show that the functions x and x2 are orthogonal in...Ch. 5.4 - In P5 with inner product as in Exercise 10 and...Ch. 5.4 - If V is an inner product space, show that v=v,v...Ch. 5.4 - Show that x1=i=1n|xi| defines a norm on n.Ch. 5.4 - Show that x=max1in|xi| defines a norm on n.Ch. 5.4 - Compute x1,x2, and x for each of the following...Ch. 5.4 - Let x=(5,2,4)T and y=(3,3,2)T. Compute xy1,xy2,...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 5.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 5.4 - In n with inner product x,y=xTy Derive a formula...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 5.4 - Let xn. Show that xx2.Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 5.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 5.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 5.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 5.4 - Prove that, for any u and v in an inner...Ch. 5.4 - The result of Exercise 26 is not valid for norms...Ch. 5.4 - Determine whether the following define norms on...Ch. 5.4 - Let xn and show that x1nx x2nx Give examples of...Ch. 5.4 - Sketch the set of points (x1,x2)=xT in 2 such that...Ch. 5.4 - LetK bean nn matrixoftheform K=(1 c c c0s sc sc00...Ch. 5.4 - Thetraceofan nn matrixC, denoted tr(C), isthe sum...Ch. 5.4 - Consider the vector space n with inner product...Ch. 5.5 - Which of the following sets of vectors form an...Ch. 5.5 - Let u1=( 1 3 2 1 3 2 4 3 2 ),u2=( 2 3 2 3 1 3...Ch. 5.5 - Let S be the subspace of 3 spanned by the vectors...Ch. 5.5 - Let be a fixed real number and let x1=( cos sin)...Ch. 5.5 - Let u1 and u2 form an orthonormal basis for 2 and...Ch. 5.5 - Let {u1,u2,u3} be an orthonormal basis for an...Ch. 5.5 - Let {u1,u2,u3} beanorthonormalbasisforaninner...Ch. 5.5 - The functions cosx and sinx form an orthonormal...Ch. 5.5 - The set S={12,cosx,cos2x,cos3x,cos4x}...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 10ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 5.5 - If Q is an nn orthogonal matrix and x and y are...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 5.5 - Let Q be an orthogonal matrix and let d=det(Q)....Ch. 5.5 - Show that the product of two orthogonal matrices...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 17ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 19ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 5.5 - Let A=( 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 ) Show...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 23ECh. 5.5 - Let A be an mn matrix, let P be the projection...Ch. 5.5 - Let P be the projection matrix corresponding to a...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 26ECh. 5.5 - Let v be a vector in an inner product space V...Ch. 5.5 - Let v be a vector in an inner product space V and...Ch. 5.5 - Given the vector space C[1,1] with inner product...Ch. 5.5 - Consider the inner product space C[0,1] with inner...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 31ECh. 5.5 - Find the best least squares approximation to...Ch. 5.5 - Let {x1,x2,...,xk,xk+1,...,xn} be an orthonormal...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 34ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 35ECh. 5.5 - A(real or complex)scalar u is said to bean nth...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 37ECh. 5.5 - Prob. 38ECh. 5.6 - For each of the following, use the GramSchmidt...Ch. 5.6 - Factor each of the matrices in Exercise 1 into a...Ch. 5.6 - Giventhebasis {(1,2,2)T,(1,2,1)T} for 3, use the...Ch. 5.6 - Consider the vector space C[1,1] with innerproduct...Ch. 5.6 - Let A=(211121) and b=( 126 18) Use the GramSchmidt...Ch. 5.6 - Repeat Exercises 5 using A=(3 14202) and b=(0 20...Ch. 5.6 - Given x1=12(1,1,1,1)T and x2=16(1,1,3,5)T, verify...Ch. 5.6 - Use the GramSchmidt process to find an orthonormal...Ch. 5.6 - Repeat Exercise 8 using the modified GramSchmidt...Ch. 5.6 - Let A be an m2 matrix. Show that if both the...Ch. 5.6 - LetAbean m3 matrix.LetQRbetheQRfactorization...Ch. 5.6 - What will happen if the GramSchmidt process is...Ch. 5.6 - Let Abeanmn matrix of rank n and let bm. Show that...Ch. 5.6 - Let U be an m-dimensional subspace of n and let V...Ch. 5.6 - (Dimension Theorem) Let U and V be subspaces of n....Ch. 5.7 - Use the recursion formulas to calculate (a) T4,T5...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 2ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 3ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 4ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 5ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 6ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 7ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 8ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 9ECh. 5.7 - Prove each of the following....Ch. 5.7 - Givenafunction f(x) thatpassesthroughthepoints...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 12ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 13ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 14ECh. 5.7 - Let x1,x2,...,xn be distinct point in the interval...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 16ECh. 5.7 - Prob. 17ECh. 5 - Set x=[0:4,4,1,1] and y=ones(9,1) Use the MATLAB...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2ECh. 5 - Prob. 3ECh. 5 - (Least Squares Circles) The parametric equations...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5ECh. 5 - Prob. 1CTACh. 5 - If x and y are unit vectors in n and |xTy|=1, then...Ch. 5 - If U, V, and W are subspaces of 3 and if UV and...Ch. 5 - It is possible to find a nonzero vector y in the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5CTACh. 5 - Prob. 6CTACh. 5 - If N(A)={0}, then the system Ax=b will have a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8CTACh. 5 - Prob. 9CTACh. 5 - Prob. 10CTACh. 5 - Prob. 1CTBCh. 5 - Prob. 2CTBCh. 5 - Prob. 3CTBCh. 5 - Let A be a 75 matrix with rank equal to 4 and let...Ch. 5 - Letxandybevectorsin n andletQbean nn orthogonal...Ch. 5 - Let S be the two-dimensional subspace of 3 spanned...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7CTBCh. 5 - Prob. 8CTBCh. 5 - Prob. 9CTBCh. 5 - Prob. 10CTBCh. 5 - The functions cosx and sinx are both unit vectors...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12CTB
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- Use your schools library, the Internet, or some other reference source to find the real-life applications of constrained optimization.arrow_forwardEach month for several months, the average temperature in °C (x) and the number of pounds of steam (y) consumed by a certain chemical plant were measured. The least-squares line computed from the resulting data is y = 245.82 + 1.13x. Predict the number of pounds of steam consumed in a month where the average temperature is 65°C. If two months differ in their average temperatures by 5°C, by how much do you predict the number of pounds of steam consumed to differ?arrow_forwardThe data shown was generated by suspending weights, whose mass is measured in kg, from a rubber band, which stretches by the amount shown, measured in meters. Find the least squares line for this data set and interpret the results. What is the meaning of the slope in the context of this problem? How much stretch does your model predict for a 4.20 kg weight?arrow_forward
- We use the form = a + bx for the least-squares line. In some computer printouts, the least-squares equation is not given directly. Instead, the value of the constant a is given, and the coefficient b of the explanatory or predictor variable is displayed. Sometimes a is referred to as the constant, and sometimes as the intercept. Data from Climatology Report No. 77-3 of the Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, showed the following relationship between elevation (in thousands of feet) and average number of frost-free days per year in Colorado locations. A Minitab printout provides the following information. Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Constant 315.27 28.31 11.24 0.002 Elevation -32.190 3.511 -8.79 0.003 S = 11.8603 R-Sq = 96.8% Notice that "Elevation" is listed under "Predictor." This means that elevation is the explanatory variable x. Its coefficient is the slope b. "Constant" refers to a in the equation = a + bx. (a) Use the printout to…arrow_forwardWe use the form = a + bx for the least-squares line. In some computer printouts, the least-squares equation is not given directly. Instead, the value of the constant a is given, and the coefficient b of the explanatory or predictor variable is displayed. Sometimes a is referred to as the constant, and sometimes as the intercept. Data from Climatology Report No. 77-3 of the Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, showed the following relationship between elevation (in thousands of feet) and average number of frost-free days per year in Colorado locations. Minitab output is provided below. Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Constant 318.16 28.31 11.24 0.002 Elevation −30.878 3.511 −8.79 0.003 S = 11.8603 R-Sq = 96.3% Notice that "Elevation" is listed under "Predictor." This means that elevation is the explanatory variable x. Its coefficient is the slope b. "Constant" refers to a in the equation = a…arrow_forwardIf I have a list of data and use the least squares error, why would the function be a function of marrow_forward
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