EBK INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780100480483
Author: DECOSTE
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 5, Problem 6CR
What is meant by anuclear atom? Describe the points of Ruth erford’s model for the nuclear atom and how he tested this model. Based on his experiments, how did Rutherford envision the structure of the atom? How did Rutherford’s model of the atom’s structure differ from Kelvin’s “plum pudding” model?
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Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY
Ch. 5.2 - Exercise 5.1 Name the following compounds....Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 1CTCh. 5.2 - Exercise 5.2 Give the names of the following...Ch. 5.3 - Exercise 5.3 Name the following compounds....Ch. 5.3 - Exercise 5.4 Name the following compounds....Ch. 5.4 - Exercise 5.5 Name the following binary compounds....Ch. 5.5 - Exercise 5.6 Name each of the following compounds....Ch. 5.5 - Exercise 5.7 Name the following compounds....Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1CTCh. 5.7 - Prob. 5.8SC
Ch. 5 - In some cases the Roman numeral in a name is the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2ALQCh. 5 - The formulas MgO and CO look very similar. What is...Ch. 5 - Explain how to use the periodic table to determine...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5ALQCh. 5 - Prob. 6ALQCh. 5 - Name each of the following compounds. SO5 P2S5Ch. 5 - Why do we callBa(NO3)2 barium nitrate hut...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between sulfuric acid and...Ch. 5 - The “Chemistry in Focus” segment Sugar of Lead...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 5 - We indicate the charge of a metallic element that...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 5 - Write the name of each of the following binary...Ch. 5 - Write the name for each of the following binary...Ch. 5 - Name each of the following binary compounds, using...Ch. 5 - The formulasNa2O andN2O look very similar. What is...Ch. 5 - Name each of the following binary compounds, using...Ch. 5 - Name each of the following binary compounds, using...Ch. 5 - What is apolyatomicion? Give examples of five...Ch. 5 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 26QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 31QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 5 - Give the name of each of the following polyatomic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 35QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 5 - Give a simple definition of anacid.Ch. 5 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 42QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 45QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 46QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 47QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 48QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 49QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 50QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 51APCh. 5 - Prob. 52APCh. 5 - Prob. 53APCh. 5 - Prob. 54APCh. 5 - Prob. 55APCh. 5 - Prob. 56APCh. 5 - Name the following compounds. Ca(C2H3O2)2 PCl3...Ch. 5 - Prob. 58APCh. 5 - Prob. 59APCh. 5 - Prob. 60APCh. 5 - Most metallic elements formoxides, and often the...Ch. 5 - Consider a hypothetical simple ionDetermine the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 63APCh. 5 - A metal ion with a 2+ charge has 23 electrons and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 65APCh. 5 - Prob. 66APCh. 5 - The noble metals gold, silver, and platinum are...Ch. 5 - Prob. 68APCh. 5 - The elements of Group 7 (fluorine, chlorine,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 70APCh. 5 - Prob. 71APCh. 5 - An ion with one less electron than it has protons...Ch. 5 - An atom that has lost three electrons will have a...Ch. 5 - An ion with two more electrons than it has protons...Ch. 5 - For each of the negative ions listed in column 1,...Ch. 5 - For each of the following processes that show the...Ch. 5 - For each of the following atomic numbers, use the...Ch. 5 - For the following pairs of ions, use the principle...Ch. 5 - Prob. 79APCh. 5 - Prob. 80APCh. 5 - Prob. 81APCh. 5 - Prob. 82APCh. 5 - Prob. 83APCh. 5 - Name each of the following compounds....Ch. 5 - Prob. 85APCh. 5 - Prob. 86APCh. 5 - Write the foḿu1a for each of the following...Ch. 5 - Give the name of each of the following polyatomic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 89APCh. 5 - Prob. 90APCh. 5 - Prob. 91APCh. 5 - Prob. 92APCh. 5 - Prob. 93APCh. 5 - Complete the following table to predict whether...Ch. 5 - Prob. 95CPCh. 5 - Prob. 96CPCh. 5 - Prob. 97CPCh. 5 - Prob. 98CPCh. 5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 5 - Prob. 2CRCh. 5 - Prob. 3CRCh. 5 - Without consulting your textbook or notes, state...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5CRCh. 5 - What is meant by anuclear atom? Describe the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7CRCh. 5 - Prob. 8CRCh. 5 - Prob. 9CRCh. 5 - Are most elements found in nature in the elemental...Ch. 5 - What are bus? How are ions formed from atoms? Do...Ch. 5 - Prob. 12CRCh. 5 - Prob. 13CRCh. 5 - Prob. 14CRCh. 5 - Prob. 15CRCh. 5 - Prob. 16CRCh. 5 - Prob. 17CRCh. 5 - Prob. 18CRCh. 5 - Prob. 19CRCh. 5 - Prob. 20CRCh. 5 - Prob. 21CRCh. 5 - How many electrons, protons, and neutrons are...Ch. 5 - What simple ion does each of the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 24CRCh. 5 - Prob. 25CRCh. 5 - Prob. 26CRCh. 5 - Prob. 27CRCh. 5 - Prob. 28CRCh. 5 - Prob. 29CRCh. 5 - Prob. 30CRCh. 5 - Prob. 31CR
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- You have learned about three different models of the atom: Dalton’s model, Thomson’s model, and Rutherford’s model. What if Dalton was correct? What would Rutherford have expected from his experiments with the metal foil? What if Thomson was correct? What would Rutherford have expected from his experiments with the metal foil?arrow_forwardIn 1886 Eugene Goldstein observed positively charged particles moving in the opposite direction to electrons in a cathode ray tube (illustrated below). From their mass, he concluded that these particles were formed from residual gas in the tube. For example, if the cathode ray tube contained helium, the canal rays consisted of He+ ions. Describe a process that could lead to these ions. Canal rays. In 1886, Eugene Goldstein detected a stream of particles traveling in the direction opposite to that of the negatively charged cathode rays (electrons). He called this stream of positive particles "canal rays:"arrow_forwardThe early alchemists used to do an experiment in which water was boiled for several days in a sealed glass container. Eventually. some solid residue would appear in die bottom of the flask, which was interpreted to mean that some of the water in the flask had been converted into earth. When Lavoisier repeated this experiment, he found that the water weighed the same before and after heating, and the mass of die flask plus the solid residue equaled the original mass of the flask. Were the alchemists correct? Explain what really happened. (This experiment is described in the article by A. F. Scott in Scientific American, January 1984.)arrow_forward
- Who discovered the electron? Describe the experiment that led to the deduction that electrons are negatively charged particles.arrow_forwardScientists J. J. Thomson and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) made numerous contributions to our understanding of the atom’s structure. Which subatomic particle did J. J. Thomson discover, and what did this lead him to postulate about the nature of the atom? William Thomson postulated what became known as the “plum pudding” model of the atom’s structure. What did this model suggest?arrow_forwardThe photo here depicts what happens when a coil of magnesium ribbon and a few calcium chips are placed in water. (a) Based on these observations, what might you expect to see when barium, another Croup 2A element, is placed in water? (b) Give the period in which each element (Mg. Ca, and Ba) is found. What correlation do you think you might find between the reactivity of these elements and their positions in the periodic table?arrow_forward
- Each of the following statements is true, but Dalton might have had trouble explaining some of them with his atomic theory. Give explanations for the following statements. a. The space-filling models for ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether are shown below. These two compounds have die same composition by mass (52% carbon, 13% hydrogen, and 35% oxygen), yet the two have different melting points, boiling points, and solubilities in water. b. Burning wood leaves an ash that is only a small fraction of the mass of the original wood. c. Atoms can be broken down into smaller particles. d. One sample of lithium hydride is 87.4% lithium by mass, while another sample of lithium hydride Ls 74.9% lithium by mass. However, the two samples have the same chemical properties.arrow_forwardThese questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson: From Thomson’s work, which particles do you think he would feel are most important in the formation of compounds (chemical changes) and why? Of the remaining two subatomic particles, which do you place second in importance for forming compounds and why? Come up with three models that explain Thomson’s findings and evaluate them. To be complete you should include Thomson’s findings.arrow_forwardAn isotope of an element contains 63 protons and 91 neutrons. (a) Identify the element and give its symbol. (b) Give the elements atomic number. (c) Give the mass number of the isotope. (d) This element has two naturally occurring isotopes. Given the information in the table, calculate the atomic weight of the element. (e) In which region of the periodic table is the element found? Explain your answer. (f) Is the element a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal? Explain your answer. (g) This element, used in compact fluorescent light bulbs and computer screens, has an atomic radius of 180 pm. Calculate how long the chain of atoms would be if all the atoms in a 1.25-mg sample of this element were put into a row.arrow_forward
- The introduction to this chapter states that everything is made of atoms, including ourselves. Does that affect the way you view human life? Do the atoms in our bodies follow the same physical laws as atoms in soil or rocks or water? If so, does this make human life any less unique?arrow_forwardWhich pair of elements do you expect to be most similar? a. Mg and Ca b. N and Cl c. Al and C d. S and Siarrow_forwardA combustion reaction involves the reaction of a substance with oxygen gas. The complete combustion of any hydrocarbon (binary compound of carbon and hydrogen) produces carbon dioxide and water as the only products. Octane is a hydrocarbon that is found in gasoline. Complete combustion of octane produces 8 L of carbon dioxide for every 9 L of water vapor (both measured at the same temperature and pressure). What is the ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms in a molecule of octane?arrow_forward
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