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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The relationship between the two compounds in the given pair of compounds has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The stereoisomerism is the arrangement of atoms in molecules whose connectivity remains the same but their arrangement in different in each isomer.
The two molecules are described as stereoisomers if they are made of the same atoms connected in the same sequence, but the atoms are positions differently in space.
Enantiomers: These are stereoisomers that are not superimposable mirror images of each other and the configurations at all stereo genic centers are exactly opposite.
Diastereomers: These are stereoisomers that are not enantiomers of one another. They have different physical properties so that they are viewed as different chemical substances.
Chiral center: A chiral center is defined as the tetrahedral carbon atom in an organic molecule that is connected to four non-identical groups/substituents. It is sometimes known as a stereo genic center.
An achiral carbon is a carbon having two or more identical groups around it.
(b)
Interpretation: The relationship between the two compounds in the given pair of compounds has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Constitutional Isomers: A molecule having same molecular formula with different structural formulas (Difference in the connectivity of the molecule is called constitutional isomer).
(c)
Interpretation: The relationship between the two compounds in the given pair of compounds has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:
The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of
(d)
Interpretation: The relationship between the two compounds in the given pair of compounds has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Cis–trans isomerism (or) geometric isomerism or configurational isomerism:
The two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are in same side in double bond of alkenes is called as cis isomer (or Z-isomer). Two similar groups (or higher priority groups) are opposite side in double bond of alkenes is called as trans isomer (or E-isomer).
(e)
Interpretation: The relationship between the two compounds in the given pair of compounds has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The stereoisomerism is the arrangement of atoms in molecules whose connectivity remains the same but their arrangement in different in each isomer.
The two molecules are described as stereoisomers if they are made of the same atoms connected in the same sequence, but the atoms are positions differently in space.
Enantiomers: These are the structures of compounds in which the configuration of all the Enantiomers: These are stereoisomers that are not superimposable mirror images of each other and the configurations at all stereo genic centers are exactly opposite.
Diastereomers: These are stereoisomers that are not enantiomers of one another. They have different physical properties so that they are viewed as different chemical substances.
Chiral center: A chiral center is defined as the tetrahedral carbon atom in an organic molecule that is connected to four non-identical groups/substituents. It is sometimes known as a stereo genic center.
An achiral carbon is a carbon having two or more identical groups around it.
(f)
Interpretation: The relationship between the two compounds in the given pair of compounds has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The stereoisomerism is the arrangement of atoms in molecules whose connectivity remains the same but their arrangement in different in each isomer.
The two molecules are described as stereoisomers if they are made of the same atoms connected in the same sequence, but the atoms are positions differently in space.
Enantiomers: These are the structures of compounds in which the configuration of all the Enantiomers: These are stereoisomers that are not superimposable mirror images of each other and the configurations at all stereo genic centers are exactly opposite.
Diastereomers: These are stereoisomers that are not enantiomers of one another. They have different physical properties so that they are viewed as different chemical substances.
Chiral center: A chiral center is defined as the tetrahedral carbon atom in an organic molecule that is connected to four non-identical groups/substituents. It is sometimes known as a stereo genic center.
An achiral carbon is a carbon having two or more identical groups around it.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Third Edition Binder Ready Version
- Given the following concentrations for a system, calculate the value for the reaction quotient: Cl2(g)+ CS2(g) ⇌ CCl4(g)+ S2Cl2(g) Cl2 = 31.1 atm CS2 = 91.2 atm CCl4 = 2.12 atm S2Cl2 = 10.4 atmarrow_forwardMatch each chemical or item with the proper disposal or cleanup mwthod, Not all disposal and cleanup methods will be labeled. Metal sheets C, calcium, choroide solutions part A, damp metal pieces Part B, volumetric flask part A. a.Return to correct lables”drying out breaker. Place used items in the drawer.: Rinse with deionized water, dry as best you can, return to instructor. Return used material to the instructor.: Pour down the sink with planty of running water.: f.Pour into aqueous waste container. g.Places used items in garbage.arrow_forwardWrite the equilibrium constant expression for the following reaction: HNO2(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + NO2-(aq)arrow_forward
- We learned four factors (ARIO) for comparing the relative acidity of compounds. When two of these factors are in competition, the order of priority is the order in which these factors were covered ("atom" being the most important factor and "orbital" being the least important). However, we also mentioned that there are exceptions to this order of priority. Compare the two compounds and identify the exception. OH PK-4.75 SH PK-10.6 5. "Resonance" is more important than "atom" because the conjugate base of first compound is more stable than the second. "Atom" is more important than "resonance" because the conjugate base of first compound is more stable than the second. "Resonance" is more important than "atom" because the conjugate base of second compound is more stable than the first. "Atom" is more important than "resonance" because the conjugate base of second compound is more stable than the first.arrow_forwardThe relative fitnesses of three genotypes are WA/A= 1.0, WA/a = 0.7, and Wa/a = 0.3. If the population starts at the allele frequency p = 0.5, what is the value of p in the next generation? (3 pts) 12pt v Paragraph V BIU ALarrow_forwardIdentify the most acidic proton in the compound: a d b Оа Ob Ос ○ darrow_forward
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