To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections. Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn. Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections.

Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The asymmetric carbon atoms and to label them as (R) or (S).

Interpretation: The asymmetric carbon atoms are to be identified and (R) or (S) has to be labeled.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. Chiral centers signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentre. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Chiral centres signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentres. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections.

Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The asymmetric carbon atoms and to label them as (R) or (S).

Interpretation: The asymmetric carbon atoms are to be identified and (R) or (S) has to be labeled.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. Chiral centers signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentre. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Chiral centres signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentres. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections.

Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The asymmetric carbon atoms and to label them as (R) or (S).

Interpretation: The asymmetric carbon atoms are to be identified and (R) or (S) has to be labeled.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. Chiral centers signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentre. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Chiral centres signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentres. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 5.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections.

Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The asymmetric carbon atoms and to label them as (R) or (S).

Interpretation: The asymmetric carbon atoms are to be identified and (R) or (S) has to be labeled.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. Chiral centers signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentre. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Chiral centres signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentres. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

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Answer 5

Chapter 5, Problem 5.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections.

Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The asymmetric carbon atoms and to label them as (R) or (S).

Interpretation: The asymmetric carbon atoms are to be identified and (R) or (S) has to be labeled.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. Chiral centers signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentre. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Chiral centres signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentres. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

Answer 6

Chapter 5, Problem 5.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections.

Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

Answer 7

Chapter 5, Problem 5.37SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To draw: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections.

Interpretation: All the stereoisomers of 2,3,4-tribromopentane with the help of fisher projections are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The asymmetric carbon atoms and to label them as (R) or (S).

Interpretation: The asymmetric carbon atoms are to be identified and (R) or (S) has to be labeled.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The asymmetric carbon atoms and to label them as (R) or (S).

Interpretation: The asymmetric carbon atoms are to be identified and (R) or (S) has to be labeled.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. In fisher projection, chiral carbon atom is represented by a cross. When two groups on a fisher projection are interchanged, the configuration of chiral carbon also changes from (R) to (S) aur (S) to (R).

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. Chiral centers signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentre. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 in the meso structures is neither asymmetric nor a chiral centre, yet it is a stereocentre is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The enantiomers of a chiral compound can be named with the help of right hand and left hand configuration. Chiral centers signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentre. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Chiral centres signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentres. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers.

Interpretation: The validation of the fact that C3 is not a stereocentre in the enantiomers is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Chiral centres signify the presence of asymmetric carbon atoms. They are examples of stereocentres. When two groups bounded to an atom are interchanged to give a stereoisomer, then the atom is known as stereogenic atom.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 5.2 - Determine whether the following objects are chiral...Ch. 5.2A - Prob. 5.2P Ch. 5.2B - Prob. 5.3P Ch. 5.2B - Prob. 5.4P Ch. 5.2C - Prob. 5.5P Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5.6P Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5.7P Ch. 5.4D - Prob. 5.8P Ch. 5.4D - Prob. 5.9P Ch. 5.4D - Prob. 5.10P

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