Concept explainers
To explain: The reason for a man with mutation in his X chromosome having color blindness, whereas a woman with the same problem has no color blindness.
Introduction: For every man, there are one X and one Y as their sex chromosomes (XY), whereas every woman carries two X (XX) chromosomes. Since men have no backup copy, any mutations in either X or Y would be carried to the further generations. But for women, any mutations associated with any of the two X chromosomes will be compensated by the normal copy. This could be used to explain variations in color blindness in men and women.
To explain: If a woman is color blind, what would be her father.
Introduction: For every man, there are one X and one Y as their sex chromosomes (XY), whereas every woman carries two X (XX) chromosomes. Since men have no backup copy, any mutations in either X or Y would be carried to the further generations. But for women, any mutations associated with any of the two X chromosomes will be compensated by the normal copy. This could be used to explain variations in color blindness in men and women.
To explain: If a woman is color blind, what would be her mother.
Introduction: For every man, there are one X and one Y as their sex chromosomes (XY), whereas every woman carries two X (XX) chromosomes. Since men have no backup copy, any mutations in either X or Y would be carried to the further generations. But for women, any mutations associated with any of the two X chromosomes will be compensated by the normal copy. This could be used to explain variations in color blindness in men and women.

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Chapter 5 Solutions
ESSENTIAL CELL BIOLOGY (LL)-TEXT
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