Chapter 5, Problem 49E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The open spaces in the table are to be filled.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. The horizontal rows are known as periods, and vertical columns are known as groups. There are $7$ periods and $18$ groups in a modern periodic table. They are categorized into groups based on the type of energy sublevel that the last valence electron of the element enters.

Answer to Problem 49E

The open spaces in the table are filled as shown below.

Table 5-4	Table of Elements
Name of Element		Atomic Number	Symbol of Element
Magnesium		$\text{12}$	$\text{Mg}$
Oxygen		$\text{8}$	$\text{O}$
Phosphorus		$\text{15}$	$\text{P}$
Calcium		$\text{20}$	$\text{Ca}$
Zinc		$\text{30}$	$\text{Zn}$
Lithium		$\text{3}$	$\text{Li}$
Nitrogen		$\text{7}$	$\text{N}$
Sulfur		$16$	$\text{S}$
Iodine		$53$	$\text{I}$
Barium		$\text{56}$	$\text{Ba}$
Potassium		$\text{19}$	$\text{K}$
Neon		$\text{10}$	$\text{Ne}$
Helium		$\text{2}$	$\text{He}$
Bromine		$\text{35}$	$\text{Br}$
Nickel		$\text{28}$	$\text{Ni}$
Tin		$\text{50}$	$\text{Sn}$
Silicon		$14$	$\text{Si}$

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons of an element is equal to its atomic number. The symbol of magnesium is $\text{Mg}$. The atomic number of magnesium is $12$. Magnesium has $12$ protons and $12$ electrons.

The symbol of oxygen is $\text{O}$. The atomic number of oxygen is $\text{8}$. Oxygen has $\text{8}$ protons and $\text{8}$ electrons.

The symbol of phosphorus is $\text{P}$. The atomic number of phosphorus is $\text{15}$. Phosphorus has $\text{15}$ protons and $\text{15}$ electrons.

The symbol of calcium is $\text{Ca}$. The atomic number of calcium is $\text{20}$. Calcium has $\text{20}$ protons and $\text{20}$ electrons.

The symbol of zinc is $\text{Zn}$. The atomic number of zinc is $\text{30}$. Zinc has $\text{30}$ protons and $\text{30}$ electrons.

The symbol of lithium is $\text{Li}$. The atomic number of lithium is $\text{3}$. Lithium has $\text{3}$ protons and $\text{3}$ electrons.

The symbol of nitrogen is $\text{N}$. The atomic number of nitrogen is $\text{7}$. Nitrogen has $\text{7}$ protons and $\text{7}$ electrons.

The symbol of sulfur is $\text{S}$. The atomic number of sulfur is $16$. Sulfur has $16$ protons and $16$ electrons.

The symbol of iodine is $\text{I}$. The atomic number of iodine is $53$. Iodine has $53$ protons and $53$ electrons.

The symbol of barium is $\text{Ba}$. The atomic number of barium is $\text{56}$. Barium has $\text{56}$ protons and $\text{56}$ electrons.

The symbol of potassium is $\text{K}$. The atomic number of potassium is $\text{19}$. Potassium has $\text{19}$ protons and $\text{19}$ electrons.

The symbol of neon is $\text{Ne}$. The atomic number of neon is $\text{10}$. Neon has $\text{10}$ protons and $\text{10}$ electrons.

The symbol of helium is $\text{He}$. The atomic number of helium is $\text{2}$. Helium has $\text{2}$ protons and $\text{2}$ electrons.

The symbol of bromine is $\text{Br}$. The atomic number of bromine is $\text{35}$. Bromine has $\text{35}$ protons and $\text{35}$ electrons.

The symbol of nickel is $\text{Ni}$. The atomic number of nickel is $\text{28}$. Nickel has $\text{28}$ protons and $\text{28}$ electrons.

The symbol of tin is $\text{Sn}$. The atomic number of tin is $\text{50}$. Tin has $\text{50}$ protons and $\text{50}$ electrons.

The symbol of silicon is $\text{Si}$. The atomic number of silicon is $14$. Silicon has $14$ protons and $14$ electrons. Therefore, the completed table is shown below.

Table 5-4	Table of Elements
Name of Element		Atomic Number	Symbol of Element
Magnesium		$\text{12}$	$\text{Mg}$
Oxygen		$\text{8}$	$\text{O}$
Phosphorus		$\text{15}$	$\text{P}$
Calcium		$\text{20}$	$\text{Ca}$
Zinc		$\text{30}$	$\text{Zn}$
Lithium		$\text{3}$	$\text{Li}$
Nitrogen		$\text{7}$	$\text{N}$
Sulfur		$16$	$\text{S}$
Iodine		$53$	$\text{I}$
Barium		$\text{56}$	$\text{Ba}$
Potassium		$\text{19}$	$\text{K}$
Neon		$\text{10}$	$\text{Ne}$
Helium		$\text{2}$	$\text{He}$
Bromine		$\text{35}$	$\text{Br}$
Nickel		$\text{28}$	$\text{Ni}$
Tin		$\text{50}$	$\text{Sn}$
Silicon		$14$	$\text{Si}$

Conclusion

The open spaces in the table have been rightfully filled.