LAUNCHPAD F/WHAT IS LIFE
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319231897
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 5, Problem 2MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Kinetic energy is an active form of energy.
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How is ATP produced in chloroplasts?
Select one:
a.
When a photon hits an ADP molecule, it is kicked to a higher energy level, so it can combine with P to form ATP
b.
an enzyme transfers the P group from a substrate to ADP, forming ATP
c.
water is split into protons, electrons and oxygen.
d.
When a photon hits a chlorophyll molecule, the energy is transformed into heat
e.
an electron transport chain creates a proton gradient over a membrane. ATP is made when these protons move passively through a large protein complex embedded in the membrane.
Light is needed for photosynthesis, because it
A. Provides energy, which is converted to chemical energy
b. Provides, heat energy, which is converted to chemical energy
c. Directly causes ATP production
d. Brings water into the chloroplast
e. Drives many enzymatic reactions
Plants are less susceptible to cyanide poisoning than animals because
A. Plant ETC membranes are deficient in transporter proteins for the cyanide ion.
B. The plant ETC has an alternative route for the reduction of oxygen that involves the “alternative oxidase” enzyme.
C. Plants can rely on photosynthesis alone to generate proton gradients that are used to power secondary metabolic pathways.
D. Plants utilize a pentose phosphate pathway to generate energy.
Chapter 5 Solutions
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- In the light reactions of photosynthesis, electrons within the pigment molecules that are embedded in the plasma membranes of the thylakoids are hit by photons of sunlight. This dramatically increases the energy in these electrons. When photons of light strike electrons in other kinds of molecules, the electrons are raised to high energy levels, but immediately drop back down to their ground states, re-emitting the photons. However, in the light reactions, an excited electron is passed to an electron acceptor molecule before it can drop back down to its ground state. The excited electron is then passed from the primary electron receptor to the electron transport chain and eventually ends up as part of a glucose molecule. If the pigments in the thylakoid are continually passing their electrons to other molecules, how do the pigments replace their missing electrons? To replace the missing electrons, an enzyme removes the two hydrogen atoms from a water molecule.…arrow_forwardWhich of the following options best explains how less chlorophyll would affect the proces of photosynthesis in plants? 6. A. It would increase the rate of photosynthesis because of the increased production of food. B. It would limit the amount water plants are able to take in, resulting in a slower rate of photosynthesis. C. It would increase the production of oxygen because the plant would need to work hard to feed themselves. С. D. It would limit the amount of light absorbed by the plant and decrease the amount of food the plant is able to produce for itself.arrow_forwardPart 2: Matching Match each compound to a step that of the Light-Dependent Reaction. f. electron acceptor g. electron carrier h. chlorophyll II. i. NADPH reductase j. b,- f complex a. P700 b. Р680 C. P680 d. ATP synthase e. Photosystem I | 51. Light photons excite electrons from this part of the Reaction Centre. 52. Also known as Photosystem II. 53. Reduced by electrons removed from H,O through photolysis. 54. Uses energy released by redox reaction to pump H' ions into the thylakoid space. 55. Photons excite electrons that leave and are then replaced by electrons used to pump H° ions into thylakoid space. 56. This complex has the Reaction Centre used for cyclic photophosphorylation. 57. Protein that is embedded in the thylakoid membrane. 58. The enzyme that helps remove electrons from the thylakoid. 59. The enzyme that acts to form ATP with chemiosmosis.arrow_forward
- Photosynthesis A. is the only energy-generating pathway for plants, cyanobacteria, and algae. B. consist two stages: light-dependent stage which fix CO₂, light-independent stage which generate glucose. C. can capture and convert energy from light to chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. D. oxidize organic carbon molecule to CO₂, while reduce water to oxygen.arrow_forward14arrow_forwardPlant and animal cells break down organic molecules by cellular respiration in the.. and most of the energy is used to regenerate .. ***. a. mitochondria ----- ATP O b. mitochondria ----- heat C. chloroplast. Heat d. mitochondria. AMP ......... O e.chloroplast. ATP Next pag Previous actiarrow_forward
- Which of the following are the products of the light reactions of photosynthesis. A. Glucose B. Water C. ATP D.NADP E. Light energy F. NADPH G. Carbon dioxide H. Oxygenarrow_forwardIdentify which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a. Even if plants have red leaves, they still perform photosynthesis. b. Photosynthesis is vital in plants to produce food and energy they need for growth and cellular respiration. Therefore, all plants need the same amount of sunlight to make enough food to grow. c. Aside from chlorophyll α and chlorophyll b in plants, plants also have carotenoids, which help plants absorb light energy for use in photosynthesis.arrow_forwardYou are a marine biologist sampling an offshore ecosystem. One day, you find a red organism floating in one of your nets. It has structures that resemble the leaves and stems of a plant. You hypothesize that this organism might be photosynthetic. Describe how you could test this hypothesis using a pH indicator solution. a. In detail, describe the steps you would take and the reactants of photosynthesis required. b. What change in pH would indicate that the organism was undergoing photosynthesis, and how would the indicator respond?arrow_forward
- The main purpose of the light-independent reactions is to ________. a. convert solar energy to chemical energy b. convert solar energy to ATP for short-term energy use c. build carbohydrates for long-term energy storagearrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes the flow of electrons during photosynthesis? Select one: a. water, PS II, PS I, sugars b. glucose, water, O2, PSII c. water, sugars, PS I, PSII d. CO2, water, glucose, PSI e. water, PS I, PS II, sugarsarrow_forward1. Which of the following causes the formation of ATP during the light dependent reaction? A. It is caused by the electrochemical gradient created by the splitting or water molecules B. It is caused by the increase or oxygen gas in the system C. It is created when the electrons allow the attachment of an inorganic phosphate to ADP D. The photons energize the activation of the ATP synthase, thus combining an inorganic phosphate to ADP. 2. What is the purpose of splitting water in photosystem II? A. To create an electrochemical gradient in the thylakoid B. To create oxygen molecules C. To make the environment acidic D. To provide free hydrogen ions that would soon attach to inorganic phosphates in ATP synthesisarrow_forward
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