LAUNCHPAD F/WHAT IS LIFE
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319231897
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 5, Problem 12SA
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
Why a lack of oxygen limits the breakdown of fuel in most organisms.
Introduction:
Oxygen is the final acceptor of electrons in
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During cellular respiration, organic molecules (e.g., glucose) and oxygen are consumed, and carbon dioxide (CO2) and ATP are produced.What is happening to the energy in this system?1.Energy is being transformed from glucose into CO for immediate use in the body.2.Energy is being transformed from glucose into COy for long-term storage in the body3.Energy is being transformed from glucose into ATP for immediate use in the body.4. Energy is being transformed from glucose into ATP for long-term storage in the body
The energy produced during respiration is placed into what energy molecule?
Glucose
Adenonsine Triphosphate (ATP)
Light Energy
The higher the altitude the lower the oxygen level in air. Climbers of very tall mountains risk altitude sickness which is characterized by shortness of breath, weakness, dizziness, and confusion. The early symptoms of cyanide poisoning are the same as those for altitude sickness.
Cyanide binds tightly to cytochrome c oxidase, a protein complex that is the last component of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain. Cytochrome c oxidase with bound cyanide can no longer transfer electrons.
Explain why cyanide poisoning starts with the same symptoms as altitude sickness.
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- Cells require O2to serve as a final electron acceptor in the process of cellular respiration, a series of enzymatic reactions that function to oxidize organic molecules to produce ATP. CO2 is a byproduct of cellular respiration and needs to be removed from tissues. The human respiratory system works with the circulatory system to move these gases around the human body. Below is a series of steps in the process of gas exchange. Reorganize the steps so that they are in the correct order. We have listed the first step in this process below (see “START”). Organize the remaining steps.START: Rib cage and diaphragm muscles contract, increasing the volume of the lungs, creating negative pressure allowing for fresh air to enter the lungs. 1. O2dissociates from hemoglobin and diffuses out of red blood cell across systemic capillaries2. Blood containing oxygenated hemoglobin (in red blood cells) move through arteries to systemic capillaries3. CO2diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli…arrow_forwardIs the following statement true or false? Unlike animals, which make many ATP by aerobic respiration, plants make all of their ATP by photosynthesis.arrow_forwardHuman muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to produce ATP without O2. regenerate NADH. produce ATP using the electron transport chain. produce more ATP than is possible through aerobic respiration.arrow_forward
- During aerobic respiration, in the mitochondria of animal cells, when diatomic oxygen molecules (O2) are consumed, to which of the following product molecules are these oxygen atoms going? to C6H12O6, O2, and H2O only to C6H12O6 only to CO2 and C6H12O6 only to H2O only to C6H12O6 and O2, onlyarrow_forwardIs the following statement true or false? Unlike animals,which make many ATP by aerobic respiration, plantsmake all of their ATP by photosynthesisarrow_forwardDuring aerobic respiration in the inner mitochondrial membrane, what happens to the oxygen atoms that were originally present in substrate O2 molecules? they end up in carbon dioxide, glucose, and water molecules they end up in both glucose and water molecules they end up in carbon dioxide molecules only they end up in glucose molecules only they end up in water molecules onlyarrow_forward
- During aerobic respiration, H20 is formed. Where does the O atom come from? pyruvate 02 glucose CO2arrow_forwardIdentify the molecules below as either long term energy storage molecules, short term energy storage molecules, or not used by cells for energy storage. NADPH ATP water oxygen carbon dioxide glucose not used long term short term for energy storage O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O Oarrow_forwardak1: Why must the transfer of electrons from glucose to oxygen during aerobic respiration takes place in a series of steps? It is chemically impossible to transfer electrons directly from glucose to oxygen The energy of the electrons can be used to make ATP The energy of the protons can be used to make ATP The energy of the electrons can be used to make ADParrow_forward
- What raw materials (Reactants) are needed for respiration? Glucose and Oxygen Water and Carbon Dioxide Water and Glucose Water and Oxygenarrow_forwardDuring aerobic respiration in the mitochondria of eukaryotes, which substrate molecules provide the oxygen atoms that end up in product carbon dioxide molecules? C6H12O6, H2O, and O2 only H2O and C6H12O6 only C6H12O6 and O2 only H2O only O2 onlyarrow_forwardAnaerobic respiration requires great stores of glycogen requires extensive capillaries for oxygen delivery requires large numbers of mitochondria is the primary source of ATP used by humansarrow_forward
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