(a)
Interpretation:
Five fuels have to be listed and two properties that these fossil fuels share have to be given.
Concept introduction:
Non-Conventional energy source: The resources which occur by natural process and can be recyclable or replaced. They will be much useful to human beings. The use of non-conventional energy sources contribute less pollution in the atmosphere and this is the reason for their increase use.
Conventional energy source: The resources which are once used and which cannot be available again within a given amount of time. Gasoline, coal, diesel, plastic etc are examples for conventional energy resources. Fossil fuels are considered to be conventional energy source.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
Fuels can be defined as the substances which are able to react with other substances and releases energy which can be used for work. The major crisis faces by human today is energy crisis. Different energy sources are available and these can be classified as renewable energy resource and non-renewable energy resource.
The common fuels are given below:
- Coal.
- Oil.
- Natural gas.
- Propane.
- Biodiesel
The common properties of fuels are they produce large amount of heat, high caloric value and does not leave behind any undesirable substances.
(b)
Interpretation:
Fossil fuels or those derived from the listed fuels has to be identified from the list.
Concept introduction:
Non-Conventional energy source: The resources which occur by natural process and can be recyclable or replaced. They will be much useful to human beings. The use of non-conventional energy sources contribute less pollution in the atmosphere and this is the reason for their increase use.
Conventional energy source: The resources which are once used and which cannot be available again within a given amount of time. Gasoline, coal, diesel, plastic etc are examples for conventional energy resources. Fossil fuels are considered to be conventional energy source.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The common fuels are given below:
- Coal.
- Oil.
- Natural gas.
- Propane.
- Biodiesel
The fossil fuel is an example for conventional energy source and coal is an example for fossil fuel. They are non-renewable and make environmental pollution to a certain extent.
(c)
Interpretation:
The renewable fuels have to be identified from the list.
Concept introduction:
Non-Conventional energy source: The resources which occur by natural process and can be recyclable or replaced. They will be much useful to human beings. The use of non-conventional energy sources contribute less pollution in the atmosphere and this is the reason for their increase use.
Conventional energy source: The resources which are once used and which cannot be available again within a given amount of time. Gasoline, coal, diesel, plastic etc are examples for conventional energy resources. Fossil fuels are considered to be conventional energy source.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
The common fuels are given below:
- Coal.
- Oil.
- Natural gas.
- Propane.
- Biodiesel
Of the given fuels, biodiesel is only fuel which can be renewable. The sustainability and the lower amount of green-house gas emissions made these types of fuels popular.
Natural gas, propane and other fossil fuels are examples for non-renewable.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry In Context
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- Petroleum is a very valuable raw material for the synthesis of polymers. What if Congress decided that petroleum must be conserved as a raw material and could not be used as fuel? What could our society do for alternate sources of energy?arrow_forward9.68 What are some features of petroleum that make it such an attractive fuel?arrow_forwardA piece of chocolate cake contains about 400 calories. A nutritional calorie is equal to 1000 calories (thermochemical calories), which is equal to 4.184 kJ. How many 8-in-high steps must a 180-lb man climb to expend the 400 Cal from the piece of cake? See Exercise 28 for the formula for potential energy.arrow_forward
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- Thermal Interactions Part 1: In an insulated container, you mix 200. g of water at 80C with 100. g of water at 20C. After mixing, the temperature of the water is 60C. a How much did the temperature of the hot water change? How much did the temperature of the cold water change? Compare the magnitudes (positive values) of these changes. b During the mixing, how did the heat transfer occur: from hot water to cold, or from cold water to hot? c What quantity of heat was transferred from one sample to the other? d How does the quantity of heat transferred to or from the hot-water sample compare with the quantity of heat transferred to or from the cold-water sample? e Knowing these relative quantities of heat, why is the temperature change of the cold water greater than the magnitude of the temperature change of the hot water. f A sample of hot water is mixed with a sample of cold water that has twice its mass. Predict the temperature change of each of the samples. g You mix two samples of water, and one increases by 20C, while the other drops by 60C. Which of the samples has less mass? How do the masses of the two water samples compare? h A 7-g sample of hot water is mixed with a 3-g sample of cold water. How do the temperature changes of the two water samples compare? Part 2: A sample of water is heated from 10C to 50C. Can you calculate the amount of heat added to the water sample that caused this temperature change? If not, what information do you need to perform this calculation? Part 3: Two samples of water are heated from 20C to 60C. One of the samples requires twice as much heat to bring about this temperature change as the other. How do the masses of the two water samples compare? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardA 70.0-g piece of metal at 80.0 °C is placed in loo g of water at 22.0 °C contained in a calorimeter like that shown in Figure 5.12. The metal and water come to the same temperature at 24.6 °C. How much heat did the metal give up to the water? What is the specific heat of the metal?arrow_forward9.30 For the example of shallow water and sandy beaches, which material has a larger heat capacity or specific heat? How does a hot day at the beach provide evidence for your answer?arrow_forward
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