Pearson eText Bauman Microbiology with Diseases by Body Systems -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780135891018
Author: ROBERT BAUMAN
Publisher: PEARSON+
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1CT
Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in the environment arsenite (H2AsO3–) and arsenate (H2AsO4–). Arsenite dissolves in water, making the water dangerous to drink. Arsenate is less soluble and binds to minerals, making this form of arsenic less toxic in the environment. Some strains of the bacterium Thermus oxidize arsenic in an aerobic environment but reduce arsenic under anaerobic conditions. In case of arsenic contamination of water, how could scientists use Thermus to remediate the problem?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Human blood serum contains a class of enzymes known as acid phosphatases, which hydrolyze biological phosphate esters under slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0):.
Acid phosphatases are produced by erythrocytes, the liver, kidney, spleen, and prostate gland The enzyme of the prostate gland is clinically important, because its increased activity in the blood can be an indication of prostate cancer. The phosphatase from the prostate gland is strongly inhibited by tartrate ion, but acid phosphatases from other tissues are not. How can this information be used to develop a specific procedure for measuring the activity of the acid phosphatase of the prostate gland in human blood serum?
ATP, which is loosely bound to the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase, can be correctly categorized as all of the following except:
an inorganic cofactor
an organic cofactor
a cosubstrate
a coenzyme
a cofactor
Regarding the mechanism of
action of chymotrypsin, the
formation of a strong
hydrogen bond with the
hydroxyl group (serine
amino acid) increase its:
Basicity
Nucleophilicity
All the answers are
correct
Electron density
Chapter 5 Solutions
Pearson eText Bauman Microbiology with Diseases by Body Systems -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Why do electrons carried by NADH allow for...Ch. 5 - Why does catabolism of amino acids for energy...Ch. 5 - An uninformed student describes the Calvin-Benson...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Why is feedback inhibition necessary for...Ch. 5 - Breaks a large molecule into smaller ones a....Ch. 5 - Includes dehydration synthesis reactions a....Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Involves the production of cell membrane...Ch. 5 - Includes hydrolytic reactions a. anabolism only b....Ch. 5 - Includes metabolism a. anabolism only b. both...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - A reduced molecule _________. a. has gained...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Coenzymes are ________. a. types of apoenzymes b....Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 5 - Most oxidation reactions in bacteria involve the...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the fermentation of one...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the complete aerobic...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 5 - Reactions involved in the light-independent...Ch. 5 - The glycolysis pathway is basically __________. a....Ch. 5 - A major difference between anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - 1. _______ Occurs when energy from a compound...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 1. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 2. Two ATP molecules are used...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 3. The initial catabolism of...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 4. ________ is a cyclic series...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 5. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Three common inorganic...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 8. Complete the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 10 The main coenzymes that...Ch. 5 - VISUALIZE IT! 1 Label the mitochondrion to...Ch. 5 - Label the diagram below to indicate acetyl-CoA,...Ch. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Why we enzymes necessary for anabolic reactions to...Ch. 5 - How do organisms control the rate of metabolic...Ch. 5 - How does a nor-competitive inhibitor at a single...Ch. 5 - Explain the mechanism of negative feedback with...Ch. 5 - Facultative anaerobes can live under either...Ch. 5 - How does oxidation of a molecule occur without...Ch. 5 - List at least four groups of microorganisms that...Ch. 5 - Why do we breathe oxygen and give of carbon...Ch. 5 - Why do cyanobacteria and algae take in carbon...Ch. 5 - What happens to the carbon atoms in sugar...Ch. 5 - How do yeast cells make alcohol and cause bread to...Ch. 5 - Where specifically does the most significant...Ch. 5 - Why are vitamins essential metabolic factors for...Ch. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Why might an organism that uses glycolysis and the...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Two cultures of a facultative anaerobe are grown...Ch. 5 - What is the maximum number of molecules of ATP...Ch. 5 - In terms of its effects on human metabolism, why...Ch. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Members of the pathogenic bacterial genus...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - A young student was troubled by the idea that a...Ch. 5 - If a bacterium uses beta-oxidation to catabolize a...Ch. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - We have examined the total ATP, NADH, and FADH2...Ch. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.18b illustrates events in aerobic...Ch. 5 - Suppose you could insert a tiny pH probe into the...Ch. 5 - Even though Pseudomonas aeruginosa and...Ch. 5 - Photosynthetic organisms are rarely pathogenic....Ch. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...Ch. 5 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Acid phosphatases are an important group of enzymes that can be detected in human blood serum. Under slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0), this group of enzymes can hydrolyze biological phosphate esters as follows in the picture Acid phosphatases are produced and can be detected in erythrocytes, kidney, spleen, the liver, and prostate gland. The enzyme from the prostate gland is clinically important because an increased activity in the blood is frequently an indication of cancer of the prostate gland.Tartrate ion can strongly inhibit the phosphatase from the prostate gland, but not acid phosphatases from other tissues. How can you use the information above to develop a specific procedure for measuring the activity of the acid phosphatase of the prostate gland in human blood serum?arrow_forwardPanthothenic acid is involved in the metabolic pathways as coenzyme:arrow_forwardAllosteric inhibitors of hemoglobin will decrease enzyme activity (oxygen binding) through which of the following mechanisms? Binding the enzyme in "T" conformation and displacing an activator Binding the enzyme and enhancing the Vmax Binding the enzyme, and keeping it in the "R" conformation Binding the enzyme, and keeping it in the "T" conformationarrow_forward
- A patient on dapsone begin to experience dizziness and vertigo 3 days after taking his medication. He was brought to the emergency room gasping for air and was noted to be cyanotic. Explain how oxygen transport can be improved (cite medications and substances). What would the effects of oxidized cytochrome b5, methylene blue, and ascorbic acid be on the patient? Please explain.arrow_forwardThe brown discoloration of apples and potatoes is due to an enzyme catalyzed chemical reaction. What is the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction? What is the substrate(s) of this reaction? What is the product(s) of this reaction? Does this reaction require a cofactor, if so which one?arrow_forwardList two classes of compounds derived from arachidonic acid. Suggest some reasons for the amount of biomedical research devoted to these compounds.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true of anabolism: Anabolic reactions convert polymers into monomers intracellular anabolic reactions do not require enzymes Lipolysis is an anabolic reaction Glycogenolysis is an anabolic reaction Anabolic reactions generally consume energyarrow_forwardProline betaine is a putative osmoprotectant in plants and bacteria, helping to prevent dehydration of cells. Propose a plausible pathway for biosynthesis of this compound.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is incorrect about the chymotrypsin mechanism? a. The (-) charge of oxygen in the transition state is stabilized by the oxyanion hole Ob. Asp does not act as a nucleophile Oc. After H₂O had a proton removed, the OH acts as a nucleophile Od. When His removes a proton from H₂O, it is acting as an acidarrow_forward
- Ethylene glycol (HO—CH2—CH2—OH) is frequently used as antifreeze in automobile engines. Every year children and pets are poisoned because they tasted this sweet-tasting material. Ethylene glycol is metabolized in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase. Suggest a possible medical treatment for ethylene glycol intoxication.arrow_forwardThe carboxylase activity of RuBisCO catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide. Group of answer choices: True Falsearrow_forwardTwo reactions are shown below. These reactions are directly coupled in cells by an enzyme called hexokinase, which is a key enzyme in glycolysis. It is generally the case that reactions that are directly coupled by enzymes share some common reactants. What is the net reaction when these two reactions are combined? Glucose + Inorganic Phosphate + ATP + Water → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP Glucose + ATP + Water → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP + Inorganic Phosphate Glucose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + Inorganic Phosphate Glucose + ATP → Glucose 6-phosphate + ADParrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
How do Plants Handle Stress?; Author: Alex Dainis;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYsnveEHqec;License: Standard Youtube License