Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134477206
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 10MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Anabolism is the synthesis of large or complex molecules from smaller units, and it requires energy for this process. In catabolic pathways, large molecules (nutrients) are broken down by enzymes and produce smaller units. They are used as precursor metabolites of anabolic reactions. In catabolic reactions, cells use enzymes (catalysts) and derive energy from ATP to produce macromolecules. Hence, enzymes are very crucial for anabolic reactions.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Why do electrons carried by NADH allow for...Ch. 5 - Why does catabolism of amino acids for energy...Ch. 5 - An uninformed student describes the Calvin-Benson...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Why is feedback inhibition necessary for...Ch. 5 - Breaks a large molecule into smaller ones a....Ch. 5 - Includes dehydration synthesis reactions a....Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Involves the production of cell membrane...Ch. 5 - Includes hydrolytic reactions a. anabolism only b....Ch. 5 - Includes metabolism a. anabolism only b. both...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - A reduced molecule _________. a. has gained...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Coenzymes are ________. a. types of apoenzymes b....Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 5 - Most oxidation reactions in bacteria involve the...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the fermentation of one...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the complete aerobic...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 5 - Reactions involved in the light-independent...Ch. 5 - The glycolysis pathway is basically __________. a....Ch. 5 - A major difference between anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - 1. _______ Occurs when energy from a compound...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 1. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 2. Two ATP molecules are used...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 3. The initial catabolism of...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 4. ________ is a cyclic series...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 5. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Three common inorganic...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 8. Complete the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 10 The main coenzymes that...Ch. 5 - VISUALIZE IT! 1 Label the mitochondrion to...Ch. 5 - Label the diagram below to indicate acetyl-CoA,...Ch. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Why we enzymes necessary for anabolic reactions to...Ch. 5 - How do organisms control the rate of metabolic...Ch. 5 - How does a nor-competitive inhibitor at a single...Ch. 5 - Explain the mechanism of negative feedback with...Ch. 5 - Facultative anaerobes can live under either...Ch. 5 - How does oxidation of a molecule occur without...Ch. 5 - List at least four groups of microorganisms that...Ch. 5 - Why do we breathe oxygen and give of carbon...Ch. 5 - Why do cyanobacteria and algae take in carbon...Ch. 5 - What happens to the carbon atoms in sugar...Ch. 5 - How do yeast cells make alcohol and cause bread to...Ch. 5 - Where specifically does the most significant...Ch. 5 - Why are vitamins essential metabolic factors for...Ch. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Why might an organism that uses glycolysis and the...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Two cultures of a facultative anaerobe are grown...Ch. 5 - What is the maximum number of molecules of ATP...Ch. 5 - In terms of its effects on human metabolism, why...Ch. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Members of the pathogenic bacterial genus...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - A young student was troubled by the idea that a...Ch. 5 - If a bacterium uses beta-oxidation to catabolize a...Ch. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - We have examined the total ATP, NADH, and FADH2...Ch. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.18b illustrates events in aerobic...Ch. 5 - Suppose you could insert a tiny pH probe into the...Ch. 5 - Even though Pseudomonas aeruginosa and...Ch. 5 - Photosynthetic organisms are rarely pathogenic....Ch. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...Ch. 5 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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- FADH2 is produced (choose any that apply) A. Electron transport chain b. transition/prep reaction c. Kreb's/Citric Acid cycle d. glycolysisarrow_forwardA. anaerobic respiration Lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation Raw material Products No. of ATPS formed B. aerobic respiration Location in cell where the process takes place Number of carbon dioxxide released Number of ATPS formed Glycolysis Kreb's cycle Electron transport chain C. aerobic and anaerobic respiration anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration Raw matenal Products No. of ATPS formed Location in cell where process takes place Oxygen (presentabsent) IV. Evaluation Multiple choice Write the letter of the correct answer. 1. In which organelle does aerobic respiration take place? a Chloroplast b. Mitochondria Ribosome Nucleus C. d.arrow_forwardCatabolism is breakdown and hydrolysis A. True B. False Anabolism is synthesis and dehydration A. True B. Falsearrow_forward
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- A molecule that is phosphorylated has a. been reduced as a results of a redox reaction involving the loss of an organic phosphate. b. a decreased chemical reactivity; it is less likely to provide energy for cellular work. c. been oxidized a a result of a redox reaction involving the gain of an inorganic phosphate. d. an increased chemical potential energy; it is primed to do cellular work. e. less energy than before its phosphorylation and therefore less energy for cellular work.arrow_forwardSome enzymes function to breakdown harmful compounds that if allowed to accumulate could cause death. Below is a plot of the velocity of enzyme catalysis as a function of substrate concentration. Which one of the curves shown here is most likely for an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of a toxic compound? A. A B. B C. C D. Darrow_forwardis when one substrate molecule primes an enzyme to act on additional substrate molecules more readily a. Catalysis b. Cooperativity c. Feedback inhibition d. Activation energy e. Catabolismarrow_forward
- The effect of high levels of ADP is to_inv_cellular respiration. a. increase the activity of specific enzymes b. decrease the activity of specific enzymes c. have no effect on the activity of specific enzymes d. slow down the pathwayarrow_forwardThe use of free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to drive synthesis of a polymer is best called Select one: O A. cooperativity O B. chemiosmosis O C. allosteric regulation O D. feedback inhibition O E. energy couplingarrow_forward1. cellular respiration A. the first step of cellular respiration that takes place in the cytoplasm and produces a net of 2 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose 2. glycolysis 3. aerobic respiration B. the general type of cellular respiration that occurs when no oxygen is present 4. anaerobic respiration 5. mitochondrion C. general process that breaks down glucose to produce ATP 6. Krebs cycle D. the type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in animal cells E. the general type of cellular respiration that occurs in the mitochondria when oxygen is available to a cell 7. alcoholic fermentation 8. electron transport chain F. the step in aerobic respiration that produces 36 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose 9. lactic acid fermentation G. the type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in plant cells H. the step in aerobic respiration that produces 2 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose I. the cell organelle where aerobic respiration takes placearrow_forward
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