BIOLOGY >PRINT UPGRADE<
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780357091586
Author: Solomon
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 48, Problem 8TYU
Test Your Understanding
8 Which is not true of ADH? (a) released by posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (b) increases water reabsorption (c) secretion increases when osmotic pressure in body increases (d) increases urine volume (e) secretion decreases when you drink a lot of water
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Identify all of the following that are functions of the kidney: (a) maintain blood pH; (b) regulate blood ion concentrations; (c) regulate blood volume and blood pressure; (d) eliminate wastes, some hormones, and certain drugs from the blood; (e) release renin; (f) release erythropoietin; and (g) stimulate the final step in calcitriol formation.
ok I know hypothalamus is going to sense the high osmolarity of the blood, JGA sense low blood pressure with activate RAAs and release renin which going to convert into angiotensin and what? that’s where i got stuck…
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced in the pituitary gland and regulates the body's fluid volume and osmolality by affecting the number of active aquaporins (water channels) in the proximal tubules and the collecting duct. But what is it, above all, that drives the filtrate out of the tubules?
a) Osmotic pressure formed depending on the composition of the filtrate
b) Osmotic gradient in the medullary (kidney marrow)
c) Hydrostatic pressure from the filtrate in tubules
d) Blood pressure in the capillary
Chapter 48 Solutions
BIOLOGY >PRINT UPGRADE<
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.1 - How does osmoregulation contribute to homeostasis?Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.2 - What are the benefits of excreting nitrogenous...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 48.3 - Compare the structure and function of...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.4 - Relate the function of the vertebrate kidney to...
Ch. 48.4 - Compare adaptations for osmoregulation in...Ch. 48.4 - What type of osmoregulatory challenge is faced by...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 48.5 - Describe (and label on a diagram) the structures...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 48 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 48 - Test Your Understanding 3 To compensate for fluid...Ch. 48 - The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a)...Ch. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 8 Which is not true of...Ch. 48 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 48 - Arrange the following structures into an accurate...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 12 VISUALIZE Label the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 48 - EVOLUTION LINK The number of protonephridia in a...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 16 EVOLUTION LINK The...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 17 EVOLUTION LINK Although...Ch. 48 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY A person with...
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- Drinking alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. What effect will drinking a beer have on the permeability of kidney tubules to sodium? To water?arrow_forwardThe higher the plasma concentration of aldosterone, themore efficiently the kidney will(a) conserve sodium ions.(b) retain potassium ions.(c) stimulate urinary water loss. (d) secrete greater amounts of ADH.arrow_forwardWhat are the hormone/s that affect the following in the formation of urine(a) Reabsorption of more water due to rise in osmotic level from reabsorbed Na (b) Increases permeability of water in the latter DCT & collecting duct (c)arrow_forward
- Two main substances regulated by the influence of aldosterone on the kidney tubules. Choose Answer from the following table.arrow_forwardWhich of the following would function to increase blood viscosity (and decrease blood flow rate) (A) dehydration and/or blood doping (B) aldosterone (C) atrial naturietic peptide (D) A and B (E) B and C (F) A and C (G) all of the abovearrow_forwardJames experienced unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and lowblood pressure. After running several tests, his physicianconcluded that James had Addison disease, which involvesdecreased aldosterone production by the adrenal gland. When aldosterone production falls too low, certain kidney cells are unable totransport Na+ back into the blood.Predict 51) How does Addison disease affect Na+levels in the urine?2) Would you expect James’s urine volume to be higher or lowerthan normal? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- A researcher measured the rate of ADH excretion as a function of exercise. 6 Plasma 4 ADH Concentration (pG/mL) 2 50 100 150 200 250 Exercise (Watts) Perrault et. al. 1989 Based on the graph above, a student could infer that an increase in exercise effects ADH secretion and the resulting water levels in the blood, respectively, in the following way Select one: а. ADH Secretion Water Levels in Blood Increases Decreases b. ADH Secretion Water Levels in Blood Increases Increases с. ADH Secretion Water Levels in Blood Decreases Decreases d. ADH Secretion Water Levels in Blood Decreases Increasesarrow_forwardThis diagram illustrates which of the following Choose from the following: (A) secretion of hydrogen via Na+/H+ exchange ions by the proximal convoluted tubule (B) reabsorption of bicarbonate ions by intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct (C) secretion of H+ by H+K+/ATPase pumps in the intercalated cells (A) in the collecting duct (D) A and B (E) all of the abovearrow_forwardTubular transport maximum (Tm) is (a) the maximum rate at which a substance in the filtrate can be reabsorbed into the blood from the renal tubules (b) the most rapid rate at which urine can be transported through the ureter (c) the maximum rate at which a substance can be reabsorbed by theglomerulus (d) the maximum rate at which a substance can pass through the loop of Henle (e) the maximum amount of a substance that can be secreted into the filtratearrow_forward
- Which of the following pathways best describe the structures which urine has to flow through before being excreted out of the body? (Hint: some structures may be omitted, so just make sure the general order is correct) 1-Collecting duct -> bladder -> ureter 2-Collecting duct -> ureter -> bladder -> urethra 3-Collecting duct -> urethra -> bladder -> ureter 4-Major calyx -> minor calyx -> renal pelvis -> urethraarrow_forwardA. Maintenance of fluid balance is important for the survival of humans. How does antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone contributes to the maintenance of fluid balance?(ii) High blood pressure can result from increased sodium concentration of plasma. What is the main hormone involved in regulation of sodium and how does it affect the sodium content of blood?(iii) Compare intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid in terms of their chemical composition of proteins, sodium and potassium.(b) Explain the morphological changes that will occur and the driving force when red blood cells are place in (i) 2.0 % sodium chloride solution (ii) 0.9 % sodium chloride solution (iii) 0.01 % sodium chloride solution 1. What are the 4 causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage? 2. State the factors involved in congenital berry or saccular aneurysm 3. Mention 5 specific brain tumors that you know. 4. What is dura mater, arachnoid matter and pia matter? 5. What is meningioma 6. What is acute subdural hematoma 7.…arrow_forwardMatch the items of column I with those of column II :Column I Column II(a) Ammonotelism (i) Birds(b) Bowman’s capsule (ii) Water reabsorption(c) Micturition (iii) Bony fish(d) Uricotelism (iv) Urinary bladder(e) ADH (v) Renal tubulearrow_forward
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