Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 48, Problem 2A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The human heart is a four-chambered muscular organ that is associated with the circulation of blood throughout the human body. It is a part of the circulatory system that consists of blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, and veins) along with the heart. The heart is located within the ribcage between the lungs, slightly left in position.
The upper two chambers are referred as auricles or atrium, while the lower two chambers are referred as ventricles. Antrio-ventricular valves are present in between atrium and ventricles that separates them from one another. These valves include mitral valve and tricuspid valve. Tricuspid valve is present on the right side, while mitral valve is present on the left side.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 48 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 48.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 4LOCh. 48 - Prob. 1DACh. 48 - Prob. 1IQCh. 48 - Prob. 2IQCh. 48 - An ECG measures a. changes in electrical potential...Ch. 48 - Systole is vitally important to heart function and...Ch. 48 - Which of the following is the correct sequence of...Ch. 48 - Which of the following statements is not true? a....Ch. 48 - Prob. 5UCh. 48 - Prob. 6UCh. 48 - When a sphygmomanometer is used, a. blood pulses...Ch. 48 - Prob. 8UCh. 48 - In vertebrate hearts, atria contract from the top,...Ch. 48 - Prob. 2ACh. 48 - The difference between the amphibian and mammal...Ch. 48 - Prob. 4ACh. 48 - Humans have a number of mechanisms that help to...Ch. 48 - Prob. 2SCh. 48 - Is the evolution of the four-chambered heart...Ch. 48 - Prob. 4S
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