Chapter 4.8, Problem 19PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The highest and lowest energy conformations of giving compound should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Newman projection:

• The conformational isomers are representing by the Newman projection drawing.
• Newman projection representing by front carbon atom connected to 3 groups then the 3 groups connected circle is a back carbon atom.
• The dark wedge is represent the out of the plain then the light wedge is represent the inside the plain.
• In the Newman projection, the atoms or groups are attached to the center carbon by angle of $\text{60°}$ and this is called as a dihedral angle.
• The dihedral angle is varying by the rotation of $\text{C-C}$ bond, result of this there are two conformations are obtained and this are staggered and eclipsed conformations obtained.
• The highest energy conformation is eclipsed and lowest energy conformation is staggered.
• Interaction between the groups present in the front and back carbon atoms are increases the energy of a compound all so increases.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The highest and lowest energy conformations of giving compound should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Newman projection:

• The conformational isomers are representing by the Newman projection drawing.
• Newman projection representing by front carbon atom connected to 3 groups then the 3 groups connected circle is a back carbon atom.
• The dark wedge is represent the out of the plain then the light wedge is represent the inside the plain.
• In the Newman projection, the atoms or groups are attached to the center carbon by angle of $\text{60°}$ and this is called as a dihedral angle.
• The dihedral angle is varying by the rotation of $\text{C-C}$ bond, result of this there are two conformations are obtained and this are staggered and eclipsed conformations obtained.
• The highest energy conformation is eclipsed and lowest energy conformation is staggered.
• Interaction between the groups present in the front and back carbon atoms are increases the energy of a compound all so increases.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The highest and lowest energy conformations of giving compound should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Newman projection:

• The conformational isomers are representing by the Newman projection drawing.
• Newman projection representing by front carbon atom connected to 3 groups then the 3 groups connected circle is a back carbon atom.
• The dark wedge is represent the out of the plain then the light wedge is represent the inside the plain.
• In the Newman projection, the atoms or groups are attached to the center carbon by angle of $\text{60°}$ and this is called as a dihedral angle.
• The dihedral angle is varying by the rotation of $\text{C-C}$ bond, result of this there are two conformations are obtained and this are staggered and eclipsed conformations obtained.
• The highest energy conformation is eclipsed and lowest energy conformation is staggered.
• Interaction between the groups present in the front and back carbon atoms are increases the energy of a compound all so increases.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The highest and lowest energy conformations of giving compound should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Newman projection:

• The conformational isomers are representing by the Newman projection drawing.
• Newman projection representing by front carbon atom connected to 3 groups then the 3 groups connected circle is a back carbon atom.
• The dark wedge is represent the out of the plain then the light wedge is represent the inside the plain.
• In the Newman projection, the atoms or groups are attached to the center carbon by angle of $\text{60°}$ and this is called as a dihedral angle.
• The dihedral angle is varying by the rotation of $\text{C-C}$ bond, result of this there are two conformations are obtained and this are staggered and eclipsed conformations obtained.
• The highest energy conformation is eclipsed and lowest energy conformation is staggered.
• Interaction between the groups present in the front and back carbon atoms are increases the energy of a compound all so increases.