
To describe:
Extravasation and other side effects caused by cell cycle–nonspecific and miscellaneous anti-neoplastics and antidotes.
Concept introduction:
Cancer cells are characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells, invasion, metastasis, and anti-apoptosis. Chemotherapeutic drugs are broadly classified into two categories based on targeting the phases of the cell cycle (cell cycle––specific drugs and cell cycle–non-specific drugs). Alkylating drugs are cell cycle–non-specific anticancer drugs. They are used to treat a wide range of cancers, including solid and hematological tumors. Alkylating drugs are commonly categorized into three namely classic alkylators (for example, chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide), nitrosoureas (for example, carmustine and lomustine), and miscellaneous alkylators (for example, altretamine and busulfan). The alkylating drugs prevent cancer progression by inhibiting DNA synthesis through the formation of covalent bonds with DNA bases. The major adverse effects of alkylating drugs are pulmonary fibrosis, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, ototoxicity, and bone marrow suppression.

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Chapter 46 Solutions
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 8e
- what is health assessment?arrow_forwardwhat is health assessment in nursing?arrow_forwardClassroom Learning Objectives: Analyze the basic concept of nutrition (MPO 1.1) Discuss factors that affect food choice (MPO 1.2) Define nutrients and classify nutrients according to their work in the body (MPO 1.2) List the functions of water in the body (MPO 1.1) Describe the best practices for assessing a patient’s nutritional needs (MPO 1.2) Identify lab testing that may be completed to assess a patient’s nutritional status (MPO 1.2) Identify select alterations in nutrition with associated manifestations. Describe the multisystem effects of undernutrition (MPO 1.1) Discern when diet modifications may be warranted (MPO 2.3) Apply therapeutic nursing interventions when an alteration in nutritional status is identified. Explain the basic aspects of reading a food label (MPO 1.2) Describe pharmacological treatments of nutritional needs (MPO 1.3)arrow_forward
- Is this sinus arrest,sinus tachycardia,sinus bradycardia,normal sinus ?arrow_forwardRelated research design to answer the clinical question “How registered nurses accurately measure respiratory rates in performing vital sign assessments in hospital?” Provide article title, purpose/aim, methods and key findingarrow_forwardAnything else I should add to this slide and notes? Can you also put the notes into paragraphs with the changes?arrow_forward
- How are the nervous and musculoskeletal systems interrelated? How do central nervous system abnormalities and damage to the musculoskeletal system affect mobility? Please cite in text source and list referencesarrow_forwardAnything else I should add to this slide and notes? Can you also put the notes into paragraphs with the changes?arrow_forwardAnything else I should add to this slide and notes? Can you also put the notes into paragraphs with the changes?arrow_forward
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