The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar. Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4C

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The chloroplast and mitochondria.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.

2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0 Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…

The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4C

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The chloroplast and mitochondria.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4C

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The chloroplast and mitochondria.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4C

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The chloroplast and mitochondria.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4C

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The chloroplast and mitochondria.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Answer 6

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4C

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Answer 7

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4C

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which chloroplast and mitochondria are similar.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The chloroplast and mitochondria.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The chloroplast and mitochondria.

Concept introduction: Cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The organisms are classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The eukaryotic cells have many membrane bound cell organelles. They are present in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, peroxisomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria are the cell organelles that are present in the eukaryotic cells.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1LO Ch. 4.1 - Relate the organizational similarities of all...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3LO Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1C Ch. 4.1 - PREDICT Could a cell function if it were not...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3C Ch. 4.1 - What convenient form of chemical energy is used by...Ch. 4.1 - Why is the relationship between surface area and...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4LO Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 1C

Solution Summary: The author explains the similarities between chloroplast and mitochondria.

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