To interpret the data: To find the abnormal activity of pituitary or adrenal gland in a patient who used dexamethasone drug.
Concept introduction:
The adrenal cortex acts through the endocrine system under the stressful conditions, such as reduced level of blood sugar, volume and pressure. It stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete the releasing hormone. Then the releasing hormone stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary. From the pituitary ACTH reaches the adrenal cortex through blood circulation and stimulates corticosteroids secretion. Two types of corticosteroids found in humans namely, glucocorticoids (cortisol) and mineralocorticoids. Glucocorticoids or cortisol activates glucose synthesis from protein are also involved in the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in muscles.
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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY,VOL.II >CUSTOM<
- Understand Main Ideas 1. MAINIDEA Assess the reasons why hormone feedback systems are referred to as "negative feedback." 2. Predict when you would expect to find high levels of insulin in a person's blood and when you would expect to find high levels of glucagon in a per- son's blood.arrow_forwardThe image below shows how the human body and the endocrine system controls the level of blood sugar. a) Explain how the cells communicate with one another.arrow_forward1.) What is the functions of hormones 2.) What is stress response 3.) describing the role or hormones usch as thyroxine, ADH, PTH, calcitonin etc. 4.) applying knowledge of metabolic roles of hormones to new situations and predicting the effect on homeostasis 5.) positive and negative feedback looparrow_forward
- There are many glands in the human body tasked with the job of regulating the body's metabolism, reproduction, growth, and sleep. Like the nervous system, the endocrine system is an information signal system. Rather than using the neurons and electrical signals, this system uses chemical messengers called hormones, each of which has its own unique function and triggers either an immediate response or a cascade of reactions. 1. explain how the endocrine system controls different functions/processes in the human body. Your response must mention at least 3 different processes controlled by the endocrine system and the hormones/anatomical structures involved.arrow_forwardPlsssssssssss helppppppp Scenario: A patients insulin pump is a computerized and connected device. She is worried about a medical hack. Could her pump be remotely broken into and could someone alter the doses of insulin she receives? Is the patient right to be worried?arrow_forwardFunctions of Various Hormones 1. Increases water reabsorption in the kidney tubules 2. Promotes the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys to increase water reabsorption 3. Regulates secretion of hormones by anterior pituitary gland 4. Stimulates mitosis and promotes bone and muscle growth 5. Raises blood glucose level in response to long-term stress 6. Triggers fight-or-flight response for short-term stress Match four of the functions numbered above with the rmones given below. Function: Antidiuretic Hormone: Cortisol Aldosterone Epinephrine hormonearrow_forward
- 1. Compare and contrast neurotransmitters and hormones. List the sources of control of hormone levels. Explain negative feedback and its role in controlling hormone levels. SOPY Discuss why the use of anabolic steroids should be outlawed for performance enhancement. goisarrow_forwardThe hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct? A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further towers blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn lowers blood glucose concentration. A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn increases blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further increases blood glucose concentration. None of the preceding is correct.arrow_forward37. Which is not TRUE in the following statements? * a. Hormones affect various processes in the body as they regulate and balance the functioning of organs, tissues, and cells. b. Hormones greatly influence growth, appearance, emotions, and reproductive functions. c. Hormones play an essential role in the occurrence of disorders such as diabetes, thyroid disease, growth and/or sexual dysfunction. O d. Too much secretion of hormones does not affect homeostasis. 39. Which of the following statements best explains the Theory of Natural Selection? * a. Organs that are not used may disappear while organs that are constantly used may develop. b. In nature, the organisms with desirable characteristics may survive while those with weaker traits may not. O c. Organisms develop desirable structures to survive in a given environment. d. Acquired characteristics of parents can be passed on to offsprings. оо O Oarrow_forward
- Functions of Various Hormones 1. increases calcium levels in the blood 2. lowers calcium levels in the blood 3. stimulates contraction of the smooth muscles of the uterus and breasts 4. increases metabolic rate and regulates growth and development 5. lowers blood sugar levels by stimulating uptake of glucose by cells and conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver and muscles 6. increases blood sugar levels by stimulating the conversion of glycogen to glucose Match four of the functions numbered above with the hormones given below. Function: Parathyroid Hormone: Calcitonin Thyroxine Glucagon Hormonearrow_forwardWhich information is correct regarding hormones and nutrient metabolism? Give specific rational A.Catecholamines increase glycogenolysis. B.Thyroid hormone lowers blood sugar levels. C.Growth hormone suppresses gluconeogenesis. D.Insulin increases blood glucose levels.arrow_forward1. What are tropic hormones? 2. What are TRH and TSH? 3. Why are they referred to as tropic hormones? 4. Which cells in the thyroid help in producing T3 and T4? 5. Which trace elements is critical for the synthesis of T3 and T4? 6. Which cells in the thyroid gland produce calcitonin? 7. Which mineral is regulated by calcitonin?arrow_forward
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