BIOLOGY-TEXT
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169621
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.4, Problem 2CS
Summary Introduction
To determine: A model of a circular structure formed by SAS -6 proteins and also indicate the proteins that make up this structure.
Introduction: SAS-6 is a key protein that forms an important component of the radial spokes present in axoneme. This protein also determines the nine-fold symmetry as depicted by doublet microtubules. A group of different proteins makes the circular structure of SAS-6 protein.
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Dynamic instability causes microtubules to either grow or shrink. Consider a microtubule that is
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Dynamic instability is the phenomenon by which microtubules undergo rapid growth and
disassembly. Which of the following is true?
The GTP cap provides stability to the microtubule
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Beta-tubulin is responsible for ensuring that GTP is not hydrolyzed to GDP.
Chapter 4 Solutions
BIOLOGY-TEXT
Ch. 4.1 - What properties of deep-sea vents made them...Ch. 4.1 - Which protobiont seems most similar to todays...Ch. 4.1 - Core Skill: Connections Look back at Figure 3.11....Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2CSCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1CS
Ch. 4.4 - Describe the type of movements that occur between...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2CSCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CSCh. 4.5 - If we consider the Golgi apparatus as three...Ch. 4.5 - The Nucleus and Endomembrane System Experimental...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 2EQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.6 - Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Figure...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4 - The cell theory states that a. all living things...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCh. 4 - Prob. 3TYCh. 4 - Prob. 4TYCh. 4 - Each of the following is part of the endomembrane...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6TYCh. 4 - Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8TYCh. 4 - Prob. 9TYCh. 4 - Which of the following observations would not be...Ch. 4 - What are the four stages that led to the origin of...Ch. 4 - Explain how motor proteins and cytoskeletal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CQCh. 4 - Discuss the roles of the genome and proteome in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Microtubules both in vitro and in vivo undergo dynamic instability, and this type of assembly is thought to be intrinsic to the microtubule. What is the current model that accounts for dynamic instability?arrow_forwardDraw a pair of antiparallel microtubules across the page. The following should be clarified or added: a. plus and minus ends clearly denoted on both microtubules b. the fact that each microtubule is a polymer of alpha+beta heterodimers must be denoted (with correct orientation) c. one microtubule is bound by a simple representation of plus-end directed motor protein. The motor protein should be named and representation indicates which direction it moves. d. one microtubule is bound by a simple representation of minus-end directed motor protein. The motor protein should be named and representation indicates which direction it moves.arrow_forwardPlease answer asaparrow_forward
- 1-what are the largest element of the cytoskeleton and can dynamically grow and shrink by the addition or subtraction of tubulin subunits. 2-Many less dynamic, more permanent cellular structures such as the nuclear lamina have (????) as the major cytoskeletal component Microtubules Intermediate filaments Microfilaments 3-when a ligand binds a (????) the conformation of the receptor changes, opening a selective pore. GPCR Ligand gated ion channel Ligandase pore Voltage gated ion channelarrow_forwardAs a researcher who studies cytoskeletal dynamics, you create a microtubule subunit that cannot hydrolyze GTP. How would the critical concentration for the minus end of a polymer formed by these mutant subunits compare to that of the minus end of a fiber formed by normal microtubule subunits? Why? How would the critical concentration for the minus end of a fiber formed by these mutant subunits compare to that of the plus end of a fiber formed by normal microtubule subunits? Why?arrow_forwardDescribe critical concentration (Cc)• Describe actin/microtubule polymerization• Contrast “T” and “D” forms of actin and microtubule subunits– Which nucleotide is bound to actin monomers in “T” and “D” forms?– Which nucleotide is bound to microtubule dimers in “T” and “D” forms? – Which subunit form, “T” or “D,” has higher affinity for polymerization? What are the implications of this on Cc(T) and Cc(D)?arrow_forward
- Remember for T/F questions, either answer TRUE or FALSE, but if the answer is FALSE make sure to explain WHY the answer is false. Proteins that were made to be sorted OUT of the endoplasmid reticulum (ER) do NOT have a retention signal so that the protein can leave the ER.arrow_forwardQuestion:- Part A) How does the molecular mechanism of elongation arrest by SRP differ between Bacillus and Mammalian systems? Please list all the differences and why. Thank you and please explain. Part B) List four interactions of the Ffh M domain in SRP mechanism.arrow_forwardThe movement of kinesin motor proteins involves both the motor domain and the linker domain. Describe the role of each domain in kinesin movement, direction of movement, or both. Could kinesin-1 with one inactive head efficiently move a vesicle along a microtubule?arrow_forward
- Or. Foyez Samar The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger the c corresponding volume in animal cells. The most regsengble explanation for this observation Is that A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells. B) plant cells have a much more highly convoluted (folded) plasma membrane than animal cens. C) plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm. D) animal cells are more spherical, whereas plant cells are elongated. 12 A uarrow_forwardCertain cellular components appear to move bidirectionally on microtubules. Describe how this is possible given that microtubule orientation is fixed by the MTOC.arrow_forwardProtein analysis by gel electrophoresis a). Using the gel image provided to calculate the electrophoretic relative mobility as a ratio of the distance of protein migration to the distance of the tracking dye migration (See Appendix B). If your dye front is not visible, measure the mobility relative to the bottom edge of the resolving gel. Include a labeled print-out of your gel image with your report. b). Plot log MW of the protein markers and commercial myoglobin vs. mobility. Determine the molecular weight of myoglobin obtained after the final purification step (Sample E) from the equation of the line. Submit a copy of your graph along with the gel image. c). Compare your sample E and commercial myoglobin with the ladder. Summary your results. order of sample (left to right) is : A B C D blank E blank Commercial Myoglobin Molecular Ladderarrow_forward
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