Understanding Motor Controls
Understanding Motor Controls
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337798686
Author: Stephen L. Herman
Publisher: Delmar Cengage Learning
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Chapter 44, Problem 1RQ
To determine

The reason for atoms of a conductor usually contains valence electrons.

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Conductors are formed from materials which have large and heavy atoms. Most of materials which conducts are metals. Conductors are formed from the atoms which usually have one or more electrons in their valence shell.

An atom with only one valence electron is the best electrical conductor because of the loosely held electron orbit and it can be easily abandoned for current flow. Thus the conductors have electrons with one or two electrons in the valence shell.

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fill in the blanks   When an element has its proper complement of valence electrons, it is electrically _________; when an atom has more or fewer than that number, it is an ion and has an electric charge. The charge is ________ when extra electrons are present and ________  when some are missing. .The ____________ bond is formed among metallic atoms when some electrons in the valence shell separate from their orbital path and exist in a free state like a cloud or gas. Surrounding the positive nuclei in this highly mobile state, the negative cloud bonds the atoms together. Because the electrons in the cloud do not “belong” to any particular atoms, the bond strengths can vary, deformation can take place without rupture, and good heat and electrical conductivity can occur owing to the easy movement of electrons from one atomic site to the next. This type of bonding makes possible some of the useful characteristics of metals, both mechanical properties and physical properties.
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