The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A. Introduction: The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 43, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A.

Introduction:

The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm arise from the embryo as a result of gastrulation that is sequentially positioned and organogenesis occurs in a coordinated manner. Some cells migrate anteriorly and becomes the part of endoderm. Another group of cells that migrate towards the midline of the embryo becomes the mesoderm and rest of the cells present above the mesoderm at the periphery forms the ectoderm.

Organs such as epidermis, nervous system, hairs, nails, and mouthparts arise from the ectoderm. The mesoderm also contributes to the formation of nervous system and other organs such as mesenchyme, cardiac and skeletal muscles, and gonads development. Digestive system, respiratory system and other vital organ systems such as endocrine system and urinary system develops from the cells of the endoderm layer.

This differentiation of three layers occurs during the first trimester of the gestation period. Several chemicals, as well as the environmental factors, affect the development of the embryo during this time. Deficiency or increased levels of these chemicals such as vitamins, folic acids, and valproic acid may yield detrimental results for the developing fetus. The deficiency of vitamin A has ill effects on the organs originating from the ectoderm and if present in excess amount then it can result in mesenchymal defects.

Thus, if an infant show defects in cardiovascular system, muscular system, bones, and mesenchyme that is due to the presence of excess levels of vitamin A and not due to deficiency of vitamin A. The reason behind this is deficiency of vitamin A causes defects in the organs originating from the ectoderm layer, whereas the cardiac system, muscular system and mesenchyme are mesodermally originating organs. However, excess level of vitamin A does affect the mesenchyme, which is mesodermally derived.

Conclusion

Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin A do not affect the mesenchyme, bones, cardiac and muscular systems in the infant rather the presence of excess levels of vitamin A cause these defects. Vitamin A deficiency causes defects in the ectodermal derived tissues and organs.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

Based on your results from the Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media, which of your bacteria were mannitol fermenters and which were not mannitol fermenters?

help tutor please

Q8. A researcher wants to study the effectiveness of a pill intended to reduce stomach heartburn in pregnant women. The researcher chooses randomly 400 women to participate in this experiment for 9 months of their pregnancy period. They all need to have the same diet. The researcher designs two groups of 200 participants: One group take the real medication intended to reduce heartburn, while the other group take placebo medication. In this study what are: Independent variable: Dependent variable: Control variable: Experimental group: " Control group: If the participants do not know who is consuming the real pills and who is consuming the sugar pills. This study is It happens that 40% of the participants do not find the treatment helpful and drop out after 6 months. The researcher throws out the data from subjects that drop out. What type of bias is there in this study? If the company who makes the medication funds this research, what type of bias might exist in this research work?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 43, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A.

Introduction:

The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm arise from the embryo as a result of gastrulation that is sequentially positioned and organogenesis occurs in a coordinated manner. Some cells migrate anteriorly and becomes the part of endoderm. Another group of cells that migrate towards the midline of the embryo becomes the mesoderm and rest of the cells present above the mesoderm at the periphery forms the ectoderm.

Organs such as epidermis, nervous system, hairs, nails, and mouthparts arise from the ectoderm. The mesoderm also contributes to the formation of nervous system and other organs such as mesenchyme, cardiac and skeletal muscles, and gonads development. Digestive system, respiratory system and other vital organ systems such as endocrine system and urinary system develops from the cells of the endoderm layer.

This differentiation of three layers occurs during the first trimester of the gestation period. Several chemicals, as well as the environmental factors, affect the development of the embryo during this time. Deficiency or increased levels of these chemicals such as vitamins, folic acids, and valproic acid may yield detrimental results for the developing fetus. The deficiency of vitamin A has ill effects on the organs originating from the ectoderm and if present in excess amount then it can result in mesenchymal defects.

Thus, if an infant show defects in cardiovascular system, muscular system, bones, and mesenchyme that is due to the presence of excess levels of vitamin A and not due to deficiency of vitamin A. The reason behind this is deficiency of vitamin A causes defects in the organs originating from the ectoderm layer, whereas the cardiac system, muscular system and mesenchyme are mesodermally originating organs. However, excess level of vitamin A does affect the mesenchyme, which is mesodermally derived.

Conclusion

Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin A do not affect the mesenchyme, bones, cardiac and muscular systems in the infant rather the presence of excess levels of vitamin A cause these defects. Vitamin A deficiency causes defects in the ectodermal derived tissues and organs.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 43, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A.

Introduction:

The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm arise from the embryo as a result of gastrulation that is sequentially positioned and organogenesis occurs in a coordinated manner. Some cells migrate anteriorly and becomes the part of endoderm. Another group of cells that migrate towards the midline of the embryo becomes the mesoderm and rest of the cells present above the mesoderm at the periphery forms the ectoderm.

Organs such as epidermis, nervous system, hairs, nails, and mouthparts arise from the ectoderm. The mesoderm also contributes to the formation of nervous system and other organs such as mesenchyme, cardiac and skeletal muscles, and gonads development. Digestive system, respiratory system and other vital organ systems such as endocrine system and urinary system develops from the cells of the endoderm layer.

This differentiation of three layers occurs during the first trimester of the gestation period. Several chemicals, as well as the environmental factors, affect the development of the embryo during this time. Deficiency or increased levels of these chemicals such as vitamins, folic acids, and valproic acid may yield detrimental results for the developing fetus. The deficiency of vitamin A has ill effects on the organs originating from the ectoderm and if present in excess amount then it can result in mesenchymal defects.

Thus, if an infant show defects in cardiovascular system, muscular system, bones, and mesenchyme that is due to the presence of excess levels of vitamin A and not due to deficiency of vitamin A. The reason behind this is deficiency of vitamin A causes defects in the organs originating from the ectoderm layer, whereas the cardiac system, muscular system and mesenchyme are mesodermally originating organs. However, excess level of vitamin A does affect the mesenchyme, which is mesodermally derived.

Conclusion

Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin A do not affect the mesenchyme, bones, cardiac and muscular systems in the infant rather the presence of excess levels of vitamin A cause these defects. Vitamin A deficiency causes defects in the ectodermal derived tissues and organs.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 43, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A.

Introduction:

The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm arise from the embryo as a result of gastrulation that is sequentially positioned and organogenesis occurs in a coordinated manner. Some cells migrate anteriorly and becomes the part of endoderm. Another group of cells that migrate towards the midline of the embryo becomes the mesoderm and rest of the cells present above the mesoderm at the periphery forms the ectoderm.

Organs such as epidermis, nervous system, hairs, nails, and mouthparts arise from the ectoderm. The mesoderm also contributes to the formation of nervous system and other organs such as mesenchyme, cardiac and skeletal muscles, and gonads development. Digestive system, respiratory system and other vital organ systems such as endocrine system and urinary system develops from the cells of the endoderm layer.

This differentiation of three layers occurs during the first trimester of the gestation period. Several chemicals, as well as the environmental factors, affect the development of the embryo during this time. Deficiency or increased levels of these chemicals such as vitamins, folic acids, and valproic acid may yield detrimental results for the developing fetus. The deficiency of vitamin A has ill effects on the organs originating from the ectoderm and if present in excess amount then it can result in mesenchymal defects.

Thus, if an infant show defects in cardiovascular system, muscular system, bones, and mesenchyme that is due to the presence of excess levels of vitamin A and not due to deficiency of vitamin A. The reason behind this is deficiency of vitamin A causes defects in the organs originating from the ectoderm layer, whereas the cardiac system, muscular system and mesenchyme are mesodermally originating organs. However, excess level of vitamin A does affect the mesenchyme, which is mesodermally derived.

Conclusion

Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin A do not affect the mesenchyme, bones, cardiac and muscular systems in the infant rather the presence of excess levels of vitamin A cause these defects. Vitamin A deficiency causes defects in the ectodermal derived tissues and organs.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 43, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A.

Introduction:

The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm arise from the embryo as a result of gastrulation that is sequentially positioned and organogenesis occurs in a coordinated manner. Some cells migrate anteriorly and becomes the part of endoderm. Another group of cells that migrate towards the midline of the embryo becomes the mesoderm and rest of the cells present above the mesoderm at the periphery forms the ectoderm.

Organs such as epidermis, nervous system, hairs, nails, and mouthparts arise from the ectoderm. The mesoderm also contributes to the formation of nervous system and other organs such as mesenchyme, cardiac and skeletal muscles, and gonads development. Digestive system, respiratory system and other vital organ systems such as endocrine system and urinary system develops from the cells of the endoderm layer.

This differentiation of three layers occurs during the first trimester of the gestation period. Several chemicals, as well as the environmental factors, affect the development of the embryo during this time. Deficiency or increased levels of these chemicals such as vitamins, folic acids, and valproic acid may yield detrimental results for the developing fetus. The deficiency of vitamin A has ill effects on the organs originating from the ectoderm and if present in excess amount then it can result in mesenchymal defects.

Thus, if an infant show defects in cardiovascular system, muscular system, bones, and mesenchyme that is due to the presence of excess levels of vitamin A and not due to deficiency of vitamin A. The reason behind this is deficiency of vitamin A causes defects in the organs originating from the ectoderm layer, whereas the cardiac system, muscular system and mesenchyme are mesodermally originating organs. However, excess level of vitamin A does affect the mesenchyme, which is mesodermally derived.

Conclusion

Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin A do not affect the mesenchyme, bones, cardiac and muscular systems in the infant rather the presence of excess levels of vitamin A cause these defects. Vitamin A deficiency causes defects in the ectodermal derived tissues and organs.

Answer 6

Chapter 43, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A.

Introduction:

The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm arise from the embryo as a result of gastrulation that is sequentially positioned and organogenesis occurs in a coordinated manner. Some cells migrate anteriorly and becomes the part of endoderm. Another group of cells that migrate towards the midline of the embryo becomes the mesoderm and rest of the cells present above the mesoderm at the periphery forms the ectoderm.

Organs such as epidermis, nervous system, hairs, nails, and mouthparts arise from the ectoderm. The mesoderm also contributes to the formation of nervous system and other organs such as mesenchyme, cardiac and skeletal muscles, and gonads development. Digestive system, respiratory system and other vital organ systems such as endocrine system and urinary system develops from the cells of the endoderm layer.

This differentiation of three layers occurs during the first trimester of the gestation period. Several chemicals, as well as the environmental factors, affect the development of the embryo during this time. Deficiency or increased levels of these chemicals such as vitamins, folic acids, and valproic acid may yield detrimental results for the developing fetus. The deficiency of vitamin A has ill effects on the organs originating from the ectoderm and if present in excess amount then it can result in mesenchymal defects.

Thus, if an infant show defects in cardiovascular system, muscular system, bones, and mesenchyme that is due to the presence of excess levels of vitamin A and not due to deficiency of vitamin A. The reason behind this is deficiency of vitamin A causes defects in the organs originating from the ectoderm layer, whereas the cardiac system, muscular system and mesenchyme are mesodermally originating organs. However, excess level of vitamin A does affect the mesenchyme, which is mesodermally derived.

Conclusion

Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin A do not affect the mesenchyme, bones, cardiac and muscular systems in the infant rather the presence of excess levels of vitamin A cause these defects. Vitamin A deficiency causes defects in the ectodermal derived tissues and organs.

Answer 7

Chapter 43, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To review:

The relationship of defects in various bones, muscular system, and cardiovascular system of an infant with the deficiency of vitamin A.

Introduction:

The zygote is formed after the fertilization of an egg with the sperm. It further divides to form blastula that gets implanted into the uterine wall of the mother for its further growth. Formation of three germ layers occurs, from which various organs and organ systems of the fetus originate (organogenesis).

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The three germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm arise from the embryo as a result of gastrulation that is sequentially positioned and organogenesis occurs in a coordinated manner. Some cells migrate anteriorly and becomes the part of endoderm. Another group of cells that migrate towards the midline of the embryo becomes the mesoderm and rest of the cells present above the mesoderm at the periphery forms the ectoderm.

Organs such as epidermis, nervous system, hairs, nails, and mouthparts arise from the ectoderm. The mesoderm also contributes to the formation of nervous system and other organs such as mesenchyme, cardiac and skeletal muscles, and gonads development. Digestive system, respiratory system and other vital organ systems such as endocrine system and urinary system develops from the cells of the endoderm layer.

This differentiation of three layers occurs during the first trimester of the gestation period. Several chemicals, as well as the environmental factors, affect the development of the embryo during this time. Deficiency or increased levels of these chemicals such as vitamins, folic acids, and valproic acid may yield detrimental results for the developing fetus. The deficiency of vitamin A has ill effects on the organs originating from the ectoderm and if present in excess amount then it can result in mesenchymal defects.

Thus, if an infant show defects in cardiovascular system, muscular system, bones, and mesenchyme that is due to the presence of excess levels of vitamin A and not due to deficiency of vitamin A. The reason behind this is deficiency of vitamin A causes defects in the organs originating from the ectoderm layer, whereas the cardiac system, muscular system and mesenchyme are mesodermally originating organs. However, excess level of vitamin A does affect the mesenchyme, which is mesodermally derived.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin A do not affect the mesenchyme, bones, cardiac and muscular systems in the infant rather the presence of excess levels of vitamin A cause these defects. Vitamin A deficiency causes defects in the ectodermal derived tissues and organs.

Answer 12

Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 1R Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 2R Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 3R Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 1R Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 2R Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 3R Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 4R Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1R Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 2R Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 3R

Concept explainers

Videos

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 43 Solutions