Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 42, Problem 6U
During an action potential
a. the rising phase is due to an influx of Na+.
b. the falling phase is due to an influx of K+.
c. the falling phase is due to an efflux of K+.
d. Both a and c are correct.
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Which of the following statements is TRUE of the action potential?
A. At the peak of the action potential there are approximately an equal amount of open voltage gated sodium and potassium channels
B. To reach threshold the action potential requires the activity of sodium potassium pump
C. During the rising phase (prior to the peak) of the action potential more voltage gated sodium channels are open than voltage gated potassium channels
D. None of the choice options are TRUE of the action potential
E. The overshoot phase (below resting membrane potential) is a result of voltage gated sodium channels taking a long time to close.
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the action potential (AP)?
A. The absolute refractory period may be overcome if enough excitatory stimulation is applied to the neuronal membrane.
B. The absolute refractory period is due the closing of the activation gate of voltage gated sodium channels at the peak of the AP.
C. The relative refractory period is due to the closing of the activation gate of voltage gated potassium channels during the overshoot phase of the AP.
D. The relative refractory period is due the closing of the inactivation gate of voltage gated sodium channels .
E. All of the above statements are FALSE.
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Chapter 42 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 42.1 - Differentiate between subdivisions of the...Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 42.1 - Explain the roles of the different nervous system...Ch. 42.2 - Contrast the relative concentrations of important...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 42.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 42.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 42.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 42.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 42.5 - Describe the organization of the peripheral...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 42.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 42.5 - Prob. 4LOCh. 42 - Data analysis Draw the resulting potentials for...Ch. 42 - Prob. 2DACh. 42 - Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 42 - The ____ cannot be controlled by conscious...Ch. 42 - Prob. 3UCh. 42 - Inhibitory neurotransmitters a. hyperpolarize...Ch. 42 - White matter is ______, and gray matter is...Ch. 42 - During an action potential a. the rising phase is...Ch. 42 - Prob. 7UCh. 42 - Imagine that you are doing an experiment on the...Ch. 42 - The Na+/K+ ATPase pump is a. not required for...Ch. 42 - Prob. 3ACh. 42 - The following is a list of the components of a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 5ACh. 42 - As you sit quietly reading this sentence, the part...Ch. 42 - G proteincoupled receptors are involved in the...Ch. 42 - Tetraethylammonium (TEA) is a drug that blocks...Ch. 42 - Describe the status of the Na+ and K+ channels at...Ch. 42 - Describe the steps required to produce an...Ch. 42 - Prob. 4S
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- The equilibrium potential for K* in neurons is ordinarily nearest- A. the equilibrium potential for Na* B. resting potential C. reversal potential for the EPSP D. the peak of the action potentialarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the plateau stage of the action potential? A. Phase 0 B. Phase 1 C. Phase 2 D. Phase 3arrow_forwardThe resting membrane potential results fromA. uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane only.B. differences in membrane permeability to Na+ and K+ onlyC. activity of the sodium/potassium pump only.D. uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane, differences in membrane permeability to Na+ and K+, and sodium/potassium pump activityarrow_forward
- Repolarization of an axon during an action potential is produced by a. inward diffusion of Na+. b. active extrusion of K+. c. outward diffusion of K+. d. inward active transport of Na+.arrow_forwardReversal potential of ACh receptors is 0mV. Equilibrium potentials of Na* and K* are +60mV and -90mV, respectively. A. Calculate emf for Nat and K* at -30mV. B. Is ACh receptor current at -30mV inward or outward? Is it causing depolarization or hyperpolarization?arrow_forwardDraw and discuss an AP (action potential). Below this graph draw and discuss the conductance of the important ions moving across this membrane that makes the action potential work. a. Cardiac fiber (non automatic cells) b. SA (self excitable cells)arrow_forward
- What is the duration of a refractory period of the voltage-gated Na channels? Select one: O a. 0.01 - 0.02 sec b. 1-2 sec c. 0.1 -0.2 sec d. 0.001 - 0.002 secarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE? a. graded potentials can sum over time and space, action potential cannot b. action potentials have refractory periods, graded potentials do not c. action potentials are all-or-none, graded potentials are not d. graded potentials and action potentials are caused by ions moving through open channels e. all of the above statements are true (if all of the above are true this is the correct answer) ....arrow_forwardDetermine whether each statement is true or false. If a statement is false, explain why. A. Voltage gated sodium channels are quick to open and slow to close, while voltage gated potassium channels are quick to open and slow to close. 6. Before a second action potential can be generated, the concentration of sodium and potassium on either side of the cell membrane must be fully restored. C. The strength of an action potential is represented by the amplitude of the wave. A stronger stimulus will generate an action potential with a higher peak than a weaker stimulus. D.. Action potentials travel in a non-decremental manner down the axon, with the voltage constantly being regenerated along the way, unlike graded potentials which quickly diminish over short distances. E. Contiguous conduction is faster than saltatory conduction. F. Action potentials originate in the axon hillock and travel down the axon to the terminal boutons (pre-synaptic axon terminals).arrow_forward
- Threshold potential is O a. typically 10 mV to 20 mV depolarized from ("higher than") resting potential. b. the membrane potential at which a graded potential is converted to an action potential. c. both of these. d. neither of these.arrow_forwardThe inward rectifier does not: A. Conduct potassium. B. Carry inward current during the action potential. C. Conduct inward current more readily than outward current. D. Have a tetrameric structure. E. Lack an S6 voltage sensor.arrow_forwardThe resting membrane potential of a neuron or muscle cell is a. equal to the potassium equilibrium potential. b. equal to the sodium equilibrium potential. c. somewhat less negative than the potassium equilibrium potential. d. somewhat more positive than the sodium equilibrium potential. e. not changed by stimulation.arrow_forward
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