EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220101459299
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 42, Problem 12TYU
FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATIER
Decomposition typically occurs quickly in moist tropical forests. However, waterlogging in the soil of some moist tropical forests results over time in a buildup of organic matter called peat. In a short essay (100-150 words), discuss the relationship of net primary production, net ecosystem production, and decomposition for such an ecosystem. Are NPP and NEP likely to be positive? What do you think would happen to NEP if a landowner drained the water from a tropical peatland, exposing the organic matter to air?
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This figure has three graphs that have important implications for understanding how carbon flow and
elements cycle through ecosystems through decomposition. The figures show data on the
decomposition rates in a tropical forest. Please select all of the statements that are reasonable
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interpretations
Daily rate of mass loss (k)
from 0 to 50 days
(b)
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0
Leaf mass remaining (percent)
(a)
100%
80
4
60
40
20
0
0
50
100
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Days of decomposition
12
16
8
Leaf solubility (mg C/g dry leaf) (c)
Daily rate of mass loss (k)
from 51 to 230 days
0.009
0.006
0.003
0.000
200
Trumpet tree
Inga tree
Kapok tree
Brazilian firetree
250
2
3
Ratio of leaf lignin:leaf nitrogen
4
Relyea, Ecology, 9e, Ⓒ2021 W. H. Freeman and Company
O Leaves that release more soluble carbon pounds decompose much faster than those that release less
Leaves that are rich in nitrogen relative to lignin decompose much faster increasing the rate of the nitrogen…
Create a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon (biomass) and energy in an ecosystem with at least five trophic levels (don’t forget your decomposers, they can count as one trophic level). Make sure to incorporate the multiple pathways that biomass and energy could take at each trophic level. Lastly, clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem. Be sure to include adequate levels of detail for all pathways and differentiate the flow of carbon and energy in your model.
a. What factors cause energy to decrease with each trophic level?b. How is it possible for energy to be lost and the ecosystem to stillrun efficiently?c. Are the nutrients on the earth a renewable resource? Why or why not?
Chapter 42 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
Ch. 42.1 - Why is the transfer of energy in an ecosystem...Ch. 42.1 - WHAT IF? You are studying nitrogen cycling on the...Ch. 42.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Use the second law of...Ch. 42.2 - Why is only a small portion of the solar energy...Ch. 42.2 - How can ecologists experimentally determine the...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.3 - If an insect that eats plant seeds containing 100...Ch. 42.3 - Tobacco leaves contain nicotine, a poisonous...Ch. 42.3 - WHAT IF? Detritivores are consumers that obtain...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.5 - How do bioremediation and biological augmentation...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 42 - Which of these ecosystems has the lowest net...Ch. 42 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 42 - Which of the following has the greatest effect on...Ch. 42 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 42 - INTERPRET THE DATA Draw a simplified global water...Ch. 42 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Using two neighboring ponds in...Ch. 42 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 42 - FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATIER Decomposition typically...Ch. 42 - Prob. 13TYU
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