Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 41, Problem 4CT
Occasionally more than one sperm penetrates and enters a human secondary oocyte. The result is formation of a multiple spindles and disruption of the first mitotic division. Explain why the presence of multiple sperm has this lethal disruptive effect.
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Chapter 41 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 41 - Stuck Sperm Cells lining the epididymis secrete a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2DAACh. 41 - Prob. 3DAACh. 41 - Prob. 4DAACh. 41 - Sexual reproduction ___ . a. requires formation of...Ch. 41 - The ___ is a genetic dead end. a. polar body b....Ch. 41 - Prob. 3SQCh. 41 - Prob. 4SQCh. 41 - During a menstrual cycle, a midcycle surge of...Ch. 41 - Prob. 6SQ
Ch. 41 - Prob. 7SQCh. 41 - Male germ cells divide by meiosis inside the...Ch. 41 - A male attains an erection when ___ . a. muscles...Ch. 41 - Prob. 10SQCh. 41 - Prob. 11SQCh. 41 - Prob. 12SQCh. 41 - Match each disease with the type of organism that...Ch. 41 - Match each structure with its description. ____...Ch. 41 - Match each hormone with its source. ____ FSH and...Ch. 41 - Prob. 1CTCh. 41 - Fraternal twins are nonidentical siblings that...Ch. 41 - Some sperm mitochondria enter an egg during...Ch. 41 - Occasionally more than one sperm penetrates and...
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- Describe the final cellular products produced when a primary oocyte undergoes meiosis (I and II) in human females. four haploid oocytes 1 diploid oocyte and 3 polar bodies 1 haploid oocyte and 2 polar bodies two genetically identical daughter cells four genetically identical daughter cellsarrow_forwardIn humans, gametogenesis in both sexes relies on meiosis. However, spermatogenesis produces four gametes while oogenesis produces only one. Explain why this is so, including the specific structures or processes involved.arrow_forwardHow many chromosomes would an oocyte contain if during anaphase II, the chromatids of one chromosome did not separate?arrow_forward
- Anatomy and physiologyarrow_forwardWhy is a second polar body expelled after fertilisation? a) To remove excess cytoplasm b) Because the oocyte must reactivate the incomplete meiosis before fusing with the sperm c) Before fusion with the sperm it must complete mitosis d) The fertilised oocyte is not a haploid cell until it expels the sperms mitochondriaarrow_forwardWhy is it risky for a haploid sperm cell to go through diffrencition after meiosis?arrow_forward
- If one follows 32 primary oocytes in an animal through their various stages of oogenesis, how many secondary oocytes would be formed? How many first polar bodies would be formed? How many ootids would be formed? If one follows 32 primary spermatocytes in an animal through their various stages of spermatogenesis, how many secondary spermatocytes would be formed? How many spermatids would be formed? Secondary oocytes First polar bodies Ootids Secondary Spermatocytes Spermatidsarrow_forwardThere are 6 major events in fertilization. Discuss the process of fertilization or conception, with emphasis on the sperm-egg interaction. Proteins on the sperm plasma membrane bind to ZP3 molecules within the zona pellucida of the egg. Why is this event important? Zona binding triggers the acrosome reaction, in which the sperm plasma membrane fuses with the outer acrosomal membrane, causing exocytosis of acrosomal contents. What is in the "acrosomal content"? Acrosomal enzymes begin to dissolve a hole in the zona pellucida. This enzymatic degradation, accompanied by rapid sperm tail beating, moves the sperm through the zona. Where does the sperm intend to reach?arrow_forwardReproductive physiology (human) a) At the time of ovulation, the released ovum (egg) has completed both meiosis I and meiosis II. b) Because the corpus luteum (CL) is rescued from atresia by hCG early in pregnancy, the CL continues to produce progesterone throughout the 9 months of a normal pregnancy. c) Late in the follicular phase, estrogen participates in a positive feedback loop that leads to a surge in luteinizing hormone and ovulation. d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correctarrow_forward
- Differentiate telophase I vs. telophase IIarrow_forwardOogenesis in the female results in one functional gamete—the egg, or ovum. What other cells are produced? What is the significance of this rather wasteful type of gamete production—that is, production of a single functional gamete instead of four, as seen in males?arrow_forwardDescribe the development of reproductive organs in a fetus of each gender. Which genes, gene products, and hormones are involved in the sex differences? Which sex- related hormones are circulating in high concentrations in a pregnant woman compared to a nonpregnant woman? Do these hormones cross the placenta (if you are uncertain, consider hormone chemical class relative to membrane permeability to make an educated guess)? Assuming these hormones do cross the placenta, how do they affect the hormonal environment inside the fetus, and how does this relate to fetal reproductive development?arrow_forward
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