Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Technology Update
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305401969
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A.; Jewett, John W.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 40, Problem 7OQ
To determine
The ray which cause more sunburn in skin cells.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
NASA is giving serious consideration to the concept of solar sailing. A solar sailcraft uses a large, low-mass sail and the energy and momentum of sunlight for propulsion. (a) Should the sail be absorbing or reflective? Why? (b) The total power output of the sun is 3.9 * 10^26 W. How large a sail is necessary to propel a 10,000 kg spacecraft against the gravitational force of the sun? Express your result in square kilometers. (c) Explain why your answer to part (b) is independent of the distance from the sun.
There are two categories of ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet A (UVA) has a wavelength ranging from 320 nm to 400 nm. It is not so harmful to the skin and is necessary for the production of vitamin D. UVB, with a wavelength in vacuum between 280 nm and 320 nm, is more dangerous because it is much more likely to cause skin cancer.
(a) Find the frequency ranges of UVA and UVB.
(b) What are the ranges of the wave numbers for UVA and UVB?
A possible means of space flight is to place a perfectly reflecting aluminized sheet into orbit around the Earth and then use the light from the Sun to push this "solar sail." Suppose a sail of area A = 6.40 ✕ 105 m2 and mass m = 4,900 kg is placed in orbit facing the Sun. Ignore all gravitational effects and assume a solar intensity of 1,370 W/m2.
A) If the solar sail were initially in Earth orbit at an altitude of 360 km, show that a sail of this mass density could not escape Earth's gravitational pull regardless of size. (Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational field in m/s2.)
B) What would the mass density (in kg/m2) of the solar sail have to be for the solar sail to attain the same initial acceleration of 1193 µm/s2.
Chapter 40 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Technology Update
Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 40.1QQCh. 40.2 - Prob. 40.2QQCh. 40.2 - Prob. 40.3QQCh. 40.2 - Prob. 40.4QQCh. 40.3 - Prob. 40.5QQCh. 40.5 - Prob. 40.6QQCh. 40.6 - Prob. 40.7QQCh. 40 - Prob. 1OQCh. 40 - Prob. 2OQCh. 40 - Prob. 3OQ
Ch. 40 - Prob. 4OQCh. 40 - Prob. 5OQCh. 40 - Prob. 6OQCh. 40 - Prob. 7OQCh. 40 - Prob. 8OQCh. 40 - Prob. 9OQCh. 40 - Prob. 10OQCh. 40 - Prob. 11OQCh. 40 - Prob. 12OQCh. 40 - Prob. 13OQCh. 40 - Prob. 14OQCh. 40 - Prob. 1CQCh. 40 - Prob. 2CQCh. 40 - Prob. 3CQCh. 40 - Prob. 4CQCh. 40 - Prob. 5CQCh. 40 - Prob. 6CQCh. 40 - Prob. 7CQCh. 40 - Prob. 8CQCh. 40 - Prob. 9CQCh. 40 - Prob. 10CQCh. 40 - Prob. 11CQCh. 40 - Prob. 12CQCh. 40 - Prob. 13CQCh. 40 - Prob. 14CQCh. 40 - Prob. 15CQCh. 40 - Prob. 16CQCh. 40 - Prob. 17CQCh. 40 - The temperature of an electric heating element is...Ch. 40 - Prob. 2PCh. 40 - Prob. 3PCh. 40 - Prob. 4PCh. 40 - Prob. 5PCh. 40 - Prob. 6PCh. 40 - Prob. 7PCh. 40 - Prob. 8PCh. 40 - Prob. 9PCh. 40 - Prob. 10PCh. 40 - Prob. 11PCh. 40 - Prob. 12PCh. 40 - Prob. 14PCh. 40 - Prob. 15PCh. 40 - Prob. 16PCh. 40 - Prob. 17PCh. 40 - Prob. 18PCh. 40 - Prob. 19PCh. 40 - Prob. 20PCh. 40 - Prob. 21PCh. 40 - Prob. 22PCh. 40 - Prob. 23PCh. 40 - Prob. 25PCh. 40 - Prob. 26PCh. 40 - Prob. 27PCh. 40 - Prob. 28PCh. 40 - Prob. 29PCh. 40 - Prob. 30PCh. 40 - Prob. 31PCh. 40 - Prob. 32PCh. 40 - Prob. 33PCh. 40 - Prob. 34PCh. 40 - Prob. 36PCh. 40 - Prob. 37PCh. 40 - Prob. 38PCh. 40 - Prob. 39PCh. 40 - Prob. 40PCh. 40 - Prob. 41PCh. 40 - Prob. 42PCh. 40 - Prob. 43PCh. 40 - Prob. 45PCh. 40 - Prob. 46PCh. 40 - Prob. 47PCh. 40 - Prob. 48PCh. 40 - Prob. 49PCh. 40 - Prob. 50PCh. 40 - Prob. 51PCh. 40 - Prob. 52PCh. 40 - Prob. 53PCh. 40 - Prob. 54PCh. 40 - Prob. 55PCh. 40 - Prob. 56PCh. 40 - Prob. 57PCh. 40 - Prob. 58PCh. 40 - Prob. 59PCh. 40 - Prob. 60APCh. 40 - Prob. 61APCh. 40 - Prob. 62APCh. 40 - Prob. 63APCh. 40 - Prob. 64APCh. 40 - Prob. 65APCh. 40 - Prob. 66APCh. 40 - Prob. 67APCh. 40 - Prob. 68APCh. 40 - Prob. 69APCh. 40 - Prob. 70APCh. 40 - Prob. 71APCh. 40 - Prob. 72CPCh. 40 - Prob. 73CPCh. 40 - Prob. 74CPCh. 40 - Prob. 75CPCh. 40 - Prob. 76CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider the following kinds of waves. (i) gamma rays (ii) microwaves (iii) radio waves (iv) visible light (v) x-rays (a) Rank the kinds of waves according to their wavelength ranges from those with the largest typical or average wavelength to the smallest, noting any cases of equality. (Use only ">" or "=" symbols. Do not include any parentheses around the letters or symbols.) (b) Rank the kinds of waves according to their frequencies from highest to lowest. (Use only ">" or "=" symbols. Do not include any parentheses around the letters or symbols.) (c) Rank the kinds of waves according to their speeds in vacuum from fastest to slowest. (Use only '>' or '=' symbols. If any elements are equal, show their equality in increasing order - for example: i > ii = iii.) Need Help? Read Itarrow_forwardA low-cost way of sending spacecraft to other planets would be to use the radiation-pressure on a solar sail. The intensity of the sun's electromagnetic radiation at distances near the earth's orbit is about 1,320 W/m². What size sail (in km²) would be needed to accelerate a 6,906 kg space craft toward Mars at 0.024 m/s²? Assume that the solar sail is perfectly reflecting. (Use c = 2.9979 × 108 m/s) km²arrow_forwardThe power radiated by the sun is 3.9 × 1026 W. The earth orbits the sun in a nearly circular orbit of radius 1.5 × 1011 m. The earth's axis of rotation is tilted by 23.4° relative to the plane of the orbit (see the drawing), so sunlight does not strike the equator perpendicularly. What power strikes a 0.94-m2 patch of flat land at the equator at point Q?arrow_forward
- A possible means of space flight is to place a perfectly reflecting aluminized sheet into orbit around the Earth and then use the light from the Sun to push this "solar sail." Suppose a sail of area A = 5.20 ✕ 105 m2 and mass m = 6,800 kg is placed in orbit facing the Sun. Ignore all gravitational effects and assume a solar intensity of 1,370 W/m2. (d) What If? If the solar sail were initially in Earth orbit at an altitude of 300 km, show that a sail of this mass density could not escape Earth's gravitational pull regardless of size. (Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational field in m/s2.) m/s2 (e) What would the mass density (in kg/m2) of the solar sail have to be for the solar sail to attain the same initial acceleration as that in part (b)? kg/m2arrow_forwardCh 24, Problem 31 The power radiated by the sun is 3.9 × 1026 W. The earth orbits the sun in a nearly circular orbit of radius 1.5 × 1011 m. The earth's axis of rotation is tilted by 23.4° relative to the plane of the orbit (see the drawing), so sunlight does not strike the equator perpendicularly. What power strikes a 0.72-m2 patch of flat land at the equator at point Q?arrow_forwardThe power radiated by the sun is 3.9 × 1026 W. The earth orbits the sun in a nearly circular orbit of radius 1.5 × 10¹¹ m. The earth's axis of rotation is tilted by 23.4° relative to the plane of the orbit (see the drawing), so sunlight does not strike the equator perpendicularly. What power strikes a 0.58-m² patch of flat land at the equator at point Q? Number Units Sunlight Axis of rotation Equator 23.4arrow_forward
- 1:.0 O %).. N O a all zain 1Q O 24 May 2021 a... H.W: If a (10 mJ) laser pointer creates a spot that is 5 mm in diameter in a 30 second, determine the radiation pressure on a screen that absorbs 40% of the light that strikes it.arrow_forwardImagine a satellite located at a distance from the Sun of D = 151.1 × 10³ m. The satellite has a Solar Sail with a diameter of d = 1 km = 10³ m. The total mass of the satellite and sunshield is m = 100 kg. Calculate the acceleration of satellite resulting from radiation pressure of the Sun. Assume that the Solar Sail is oriented perpendicular to the Sun's rays, and that it is a perfect mirror and reflects every photon that strikes it. Give your answer in units of m/s² to at least 3 significant digits. Remember that entering scientific notation you should use (for example) 3.141592e-2 for 0.0314159. (You may also type in "0.0314159" - either should work).arrow_forwardConsider six proposed properties of electromagnetic radiation: wave speeds of 3.00 x 10° km/s and 3.00 x 10°m/s, wavelengths of 563 nm and 0.193 nm, and frequencies of 2.15 x 1018 Hz and 6.26 x 1014 Hz. Place these according to whether they apply only to the X-ray band, only to the visible light band, to both bands, or to neither band. X-ray band only Visible light band only Both bands Neither band Answer Bank frequency of 6.26 × 1014 Hz. speed of 3.00 x 10* m/s speed of 3.00 x 10* km/s frequency of 2.15 × 10'8 Hz wavelength of 0.193 nm wavelength of 563 nmarrow_forward
- Excerpt from (Tsai & Hamblin, 2017) “Infrared (IR) is a type of electromagnetic radiation, including wavelengths between the 780 nm to 1000 μm. IR is divided into different bands: Near-Infrared (NIR, 0.78~3.0 μm), Mid-Infrared (MIR, 3.0~50.0 μm) and Far-Infrared (FIR, 50.0~1000.0 μm) as defined in standard ISO 20473:2007 Optics and photonics -- Spectral bands (Vatansever F, 2012). Several studies have reported that IR can improve the healing of skin wounds, photoprevention, relieve pain, stiffness, fatigue of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, potentiate photodynamic therapy, treat ophthalmic, neurological, and psychiatric disorders, and stimulate the proliferation of mesenchymal and cardiac stem cells (Vatansever F, 2012), (Tsai SR, 2015) (Barolet D, 2015).Soccer players have used FIR emitting clothing (density of 225 gm−2, 88% far IR radiation emitting polyamide 66 Emana yarn (PA66) fiber, 12% Spandex, emissivity of 0.88 and power emitted of 341 W/m2 at 37°C at 5–20 μm…arrow_forward(a) How many minutes does it take a photon to travel from the Sun to the Earth? in minutes (b) What is the energy in eV of a photon with a wavelength of 533 nm? in eV (c) What is the wavelength (in m) of a photon with an energy of 1.03 eV? in metersarrow_forwardAn x-ray tube is operated at 48900 V. Calculate the minimum wavelength of the radiation emitted by this tube. If this radiation is directed at a crystal, the first-order maximum in the reflected radiation occurs when the angle of incidence is 2.93o. What is the spacing between reflecting planes in the crystal?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305116399
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning