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Interpretation:
The given reactions are to be classified on the basis of their types.
Concept introduction:
A
The reaction between a base and an acid is known as an acid–base reaction.
A reaction in which losing and gaining of electrons occur simultaneously is known as an oxidation–reduction reaction.
The reaction in which a metal displaces another metal in a salt solution is known as a displacement reaction.
The reaction in which a new compound is formed by oxidizing or reducing two or more its constituent elements is known as a combination reaction.
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Answer to Problem 95AP
Solution:
a) Redox reaction
b) Precipitation reaction
c) Acid–base reaction
d) Combination reaction
e) Redox reaction
f) Redox reaction
g) Precipitation reaction
h) Redox reaction
i) Redox reaction
j) Redox reaction
Explanation of Solution
(a)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This is an oxidation–reduction reaction. The reaction can be divided into a reduction half and an oxidation half as follows:
In the first equation, a neutral chlorine atom loses an electron to form
Hence, as the reactants in the reaction show change in their oxidation states, the reaction is a redox reaction.
(b)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This reaction is a precipitation reaction. The product is formed by the combination of an element,
Thus, the reaction is precipitation reaction.
(c)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This reaction is an acid–base reaction because the reaction occurs between
Hence, the reaction is an acid–base reaction.
(d)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
The oxidation states of chromium, chlorine, and oxygen change in the reaction between carbon tetrachloride and
Hence, it is a combination reaction.
(e)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This reaction is an oxidation–reduction reaction. The reaction can be divided into a reduction half and an oxidation half as follows:
In the present reaction, the fluorine molecule gains two electrons to get reduced and form a negatively charged ion. On the other hand, calcium loses two electrons to oxidize into a Ca2+ ion.
Hence, the reaction is a redox reaction.
(f)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This reaction is an oxidation–reduction reaction. The reaction can be divided into a reduction half and an oxidation half as follows:
The hydrogen molecule in this reaction gets reduced and lithium is oxidized by losing two electrons.
Thus, the reaction is a redox reaction.
(g)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This is a precipitation reaction. In this reaction, no change is observed in the oxidation states of the reacting elements but barium sulfate is obtained as a precipitate in the product.
Hence, it is a precipitation reaction.
(h)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This reaction is an oxidation–reduction reaction. The reaction can be divided into a reduction half and an oxidation half as follows:
As the hydrogen molecule is oxidized to
Hence, it is a redox reaction.
(i)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This is an oxidation–reduction reaction. The reaction can be divided into a reduction half and an oxidation half as follows:
As the hydrogen molecule in this reaction gets reduced by gaining electrons and the zinc is oxidized by losing two electrons, the reaction is known as an oxidation-reduction reaction.
Hence, it is a redox reaction.
j)
Given information: The given reaction is as follows:
This is an oxidation–reduction reaction. The reaction can be divided into a reduction half and an oxidation half as follows:
The chlorine molecule in this reaction gets reduced by gaining an electron and the iron is oxidized by losing two electrons. Thus, the reaction is known as an oxidation-reduction reaction.
Therefore, it is a redox reaction.
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