“SELECT” command: The “SELECT” command is used to retrieve data in a database . Syntax for selecting values from the table is as follows: SELECT STUDENT_ID FROM STUDENT; The given query is used to display each student ID from “STUDENT” table. “IN” Clause: The “IN” clause consists of an “IN” operator followed by a set of values. Using an “IN” clause, user can determine whether a column contains one of a particular group of values. Example: The example for “IN” clause is given below: SELECT STUDENT_ID, STUDENT_NAME, STUDENT_CREDIT FROM STUDENT WHERE STUDENT_CREDIT IN(50, 70, 100); The above query is used to list student ID, name, and credit for each student with a credit limit of “50”, “70” or “100”. From the given query, user can determine whether a student credit limit is “50”, “70” or “100” using an “IN” operator. “ORDER BY” Clause: User can sort the data in specific order using “ORDER BY” clause. The column on which to sort data is called a sort key or a simple key. To sort the output, use an “ORDER BY” clause followed by the sort key. If the user does not indicate a sort order, the output displayed in default order that is ascending order. Example: The example for “ORDER BY” clause is given below: SELECT STUDENT_ID, STUDENT_NAME, STUDENT_CREDIT FROM STUDENT ORDER BY STUDENT_CREDIT; The above query is used to list student ID, name and credit for each student with ascending order of student credit using an “ORDER BY” clause. From the given query, the sort key is “STUDENT_CREDIT”. So, the rows are sorted in ascending order by “STUDENT_CREDIT”. “DESC” Operator: User can sort the data in descending order using a “DESC” operator. To sort in descending order, user follows the name of the sort key with the “DESC” operator. Example: The example for “DESC” operator is given below: SELECT STUDENT_ID, STUDENT_NAME, STUDENT_CREDIT FROM STUDENT ORDER BY STUDENT_CREDIT DESC; The above query is used to list student ID, name and credit for each student with descending order of student credit using an “ORDER BY” clause with “DESC” operator. From the given query, the sort key is “STUDENT_CREDIT”.

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Chapter 4, Problem 6CAT

Program Plan Intro

“SELECT” command:

The “SELECT” command is used to retrieve data in a database.

Syntax for selecting values from the table is as follows:

SELECT STUDENT_ID FROM STUDENT;

The given query is used to display each student ID from “STUDENT” table.

“IN” Clause:

The “IN” clause consists of an “IN” operator followed by a set of values.

Using an “IN” clause, user can determine whether a column contains one of a particular group of values.

Example:

The example for “IN” clause is given below:

SELECT STUDENT_ID, STUDENT_NAME, STUDENT_CREDIT FROM STUDENT WHERE STUDENT_CREDIT IN(50, 70, 100);

The above query is used to list student ID, name, and credit for each student with a credit limit of “50”, “70” or “100”.

From the given query, user can determine whether a student credit limit is “50”, “70” or “100” using an “IN” operator.

“ORDER BY” Clause:

User can sort the data in specific order using “ORDER BY” clause.

The column on which to sort data is called a sort key or a simple key.

To sort the output, use an “ORDER BY” clause followed by the sort key.

If the user does not indicate a sort order, the output displayed in default order that is ascending order.

Example:

The example for “ORDER BY” clause is given below:

SELECT STUDENT_ID, STUDENT_NAME, STUDENT_CREDIT FROM STUDENT ORDER BY STUDENT_CREDIT;

The above query is used to list student ID, name and credit for each student with ascending order of student credit using an “ORDER BY” clause.

From the given query, the sort key is “STUDENT_CREDIT”. So, the rows are sorted in ascending order by “STUDENT_CREDIT”.

“DESC” Operator:

User can sort the data in descending order using a “DESC” operator.

To sort in descending order, user follows the name of the sort key with the “DESC” operator.

Example:

The example for “DESC” operator is given below:

SELECT STUDENT_ID, STUDENT_NAME, STUDENT_CREDIT FROM STUDENT ORDER BY STUDENT_CREDIT DESC;

The above query is used to list student ID, name and credit for each student with descending order of student credit using an “ORDER BY” clause with “DESC” operator.

From the given query, the sort key is “STUDENT_CREDIT”.

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