Intro Stats
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321825278
Author: Richard D. De Veaux, Paul F. Velleman, David E. Bock
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 51E
Stereograms Stereograms appear to be composed entirely of random dots. However, they contain separate images that a viewer can “fuse” into a three-dimensional (3D) image by staring at the dots while defocusing the eyes. An experiment was performed to determine whether knowledge of the embedded image affected the time required for subjects to fuse the images.
One group of subjects (group NV) received no information or just verbal information about the shape of the embedded object. A second group (group VV) received both verbal information and visual information (specifically, a drawing of the object). The experimenters measured how many seconds it took for the subject to report that he or she saw the 3D image.
- a) What two variables are discussed in this description?
- b) For each variable, is it quantitative or categorical? If quantitative, what are the units?
- c) The boxplots compare the fusion times for the two treatment groups. Write a few sentences comparing these distributions. What does the experiment show?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid direct eye contact and even patterns that look like eyes. Some insects, including moths, have evolved eye-spot patterns on their wings to help ward off predators. Scaife (1976) reports a study examining how eye-spot patterns affect the behavior of birds. In the study, the birds were tested in a box with two chambers and were free to move from one chamber to another. In one chamber, two large eye-spots were painted on one wall. The other chamber had plain walls. The researcher recorded the amount of time each bird spent in the plain chamber during a 60-minute session. Suppose the study produced a mean of M=34.5 minutes on the plain chamber with SS=210 for a sample of n=15 birds. (Note: If the eye spots have no effect, then the birds should spend an average of ?=30minutes in each chamber.)
a. Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eye-spots have a significant influence on the birds' behavior? Use a two-tailed test with ?=.05.
b.…
Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid direct eye contact and even patterns that look like eyes. Some insects, including moths, have evolved eye-spot patterns on their wings to help ward off predators. Scaife (1976) reports a study examining how eye-spot patterns affect the behavior of birds. In the study, the birds were tested in a box with two chambers and were free to move from one chamber to another. In one chamber, two large eye-spots were painted on one wall. The other chamber had plain walls. The researcher recorded the amount of time each bird spent in the plain chamber during a 60-minute session. Suppose the study produced a mean of M = 37 minutes in the plain chamber with SS = 288 for a sample of n = 9 birds. (Note: If the eye-spots have no effect, then the birds should spend an average of μ = 30 minutes in each chamber.)
Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eyespots have a significant influence on the birds’ behavior? Use a two-tailed test with α = .05.…
Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid direct eye contact and even patterns that look like eyes. Some insects, including moths, have evolved eye-spot patterns on their wings to help ward off predators. Scaife (1976) reports a study examining how eye-spot patterns affect the behavior of birds. In the study, the birds were tested in a box with two chambers and were free to move from one chamber to another. In one chamber, two large eye-spots were painted on one wall. The other chamber had plain walls. The researcher recorded the amount of time each bird spent in the plain chamber during a 60-minute session. Suppose the study produced a mean of M=37minutes in the plain chamber with SS=288 for a sample of n=9 birds. (Note: If the eye-spots have no effect, then the birds should spend an average of μ=30 minutes in each chamber.)
Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eye-spots have a significant influence on the birds’ behavior? Use a two-tailed test with a= .05.
Compute the…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Intro Stats
Ch. 4.2 - The Bureau of Transportation Statistics of the...Ch. 4.2 - The Bureau of Transportation Statistics of the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 3JCCh. 4 - Prob. 1ECh. 4 - Prob. 2ECh. 4 - Prob. 3ECh. 4 - 4. Load factors by year Here is a display of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5ECh. 4 - Prob. 6ECh. 4 - Prob. 7E
Ch. 4 - Prob. 8ECh. 4 - Prob. 9ECh. 4 - Exoplanets re-expressed Here are the exoplanet...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15ECh. 4 - Prob. 16ECh. 4 - Prob. 17ECh. 4 - Prob. 18ECh. 4 - Sugar in cereals Sugar is a major ingredient in...Ch. 4 - Tendon transfers People with spinal cord injuries...Ch. 4 - Prob. 21ECh. 4 - Camp sites Shown below are the histogram and...Ch. 4 - Hospital stays The U.S. National Center for Health...Ch. 4 - Prob. 24ECh. 4 - Womens basketball Here are boxplots of the points...Ch. 4 - Prob. 26ECh. 4 - Marriage age In 1975, did men and women marry at...Ch. 4 - Fuel economy and cylinders Describe what these...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29ECh. 4 - Ozone Ozone levels (in parts per billion, ppb)...Ch. 4 - Test scores Three statistics classes all took the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 32ECh. 4 - Graduation? A survey of major universities asked...Ch. 4 - Vineyards Here are summary statistics for the...Ch. 4 - Caffeine A student study of the effects of...Ch. 4 - SAT scores Here are the summary statistics for...Ch. 4 - Prob. 37ECh. 4 - Framingham cholesterol The Framingham Heart Study...Ch. 4 - Prob. 39ECh. 4 - Cloud seeding In an experiment to determine...Ch. 4 - Industrial experiment Engineers at a computer...Ch. 4 - Cholesterol and smoking A study that examined the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 43ECh. 4 - Prob. 44ECh. 4 - Prob. 45ECh. 4 - Prob. 46ECh. 4 - Assets Here is a histogram of the assets (in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 48ECh. 4 - Assets again Here are the same data you saw in...Ch. 4 - Rainmakers The table lists the amounts of rainfall...Ch. 4 - Stereograms Stereograms appear to be composed...Ch. 4 - Stereograms, revisited Because of the skewness of...
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Testing Hypotheses. In Exercises 13-24, assume that a simple random sample has been selected and test the given...
Elementary Statistics Using The Ti-83/84 Plus Calculator, Books A La Carte Edition (5th Edition)
Medication Usage In a survey of 3005 adults aged 57 through 85 years, it was found that 82% of them used at lea...
Statistical Reasoning for Everyday Life (5th Edition)
TRY IT YOURSELF 2
Determine whether each number describes a population parameter or a sample statistic. Explain...
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th Edition)
The manufacturer of a nationally distributed brand of potato chips wants to determine the feasibility of changi...
Basic Business Statistics, Student Value Edition (13th Edition)
Use the following information to answer the next 14 exercises: The mean age for all Foothill College students f...
Introductory Statistics
Individuals in Jake’s study.
The Practice of Statistics for AP - 4th Edition
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid direct eye contact and even patterns that look like eyes. Some insects, including moths, have evolved eye-spot patterns on their wings to help ward off predators. Scaife (1976) reports a study examining how eye-spot patterns affect the behavior of birds. In the study, the birds were tested in a box with two chambers and were free to move from one chamber to another. In one chamber, two large eye-spots were painted on one wall. The other chamber had plain walls. The researcher recorded the amount of time each bird spent in the plain chamber during a 60-minute session. Suppose the study produced a mean of M = 34.5 minutes on the plain chamber with SS = 210 for a sample of n = 15 birds. (Note: If the eye spots have no effect, then the birds should spend an average of μ = 30 minutes in each chamber.) a. Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eyespots have a significant influence on the birds’ behavior? Use a two-tailed test with α =…arrow_forward"Coffee drinkers often claim that the caffeine in the coffee makes them more alert. A researcher wonders if this enhanced alertness is merely an illusion or if caffeine actually makes people more alert. To test the effect of caffeine on alertness, the researcher asks people to drink one cup of caffeinated coffee, one cup of plain water, one cup of caffeinated water, or one cup of decaffeinated coffee. After drinking the beverage each participant was given an electroencephalogram (EEG). The researcher hypothesized that the caffeinated beverages would result in greater electrical activity than the non-caffeinated beverages. Which of the following would be most likely to increase the size of the treatment effect in this study? " Only use people in the study who are between the ages of 25 and 35 rather than 25 and 75. Increase the amount of beverage participants drink from one cup to two cups. Have experienced EEG technicians collect data rather than train students…arrow_forwardStudies have found that people find symmetrical faces more attractive than faces that are not symmetrical. To test this theory, a psychiatrist selected a random sample of people and showed them pictures of three different faces: a face that is perfectly symmetrical, a face that is slightly asymmetrical, and a face that is highly asymmetrical. She then asked them to rate the three faces in terms of their attractiveness on a scale from 1 to 7, with 7 being the most attractive. Test the null hypothesis that attractiveness does not differ with facial symmetry.arrow_forward
- Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid direct eye contact and even pattern that look like eyes. Some insects, including months, have involved eye-spot pattern in their wings to help ward off predators. Scalfe (1976)reports a study examining how eyes spot patterns effect the behavior of birds. In the study birds were tested in a box with two chambers and were free to move from one chamber to another. In one chamber, two large eyes spot were painted on one wall. The other chamber to another. The researcher recorded the amount of time each bird spend in the plain chamber during a 60-minutes session. Suppose the study produced a mean of M=34.5 minutes in the plain chamber with SS=210 for a sample of n=15 birds ( Note if the eyes spots have no effect, then the birds should spend and average of µ=30 minutes in each chamber.) A) Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eyes -spot have significant influence on the birds behaviors? Use a two- Tailed test with α=.05 Compute the…arrow_forwardAn educational psychologist is concerned about the effect of test anxiety on exam performance. The psychologist selects a random sample of 4 people who report suffering from extreme test anxiety and asks them to read and study a chapter of a textbook. After 3 hours of study time, they are given a 10 question quiz on the material. Then, the participants are given a course on relaxation techniques (e.g. deep breathing exercises, positive visualization training, etc.). After the course, the participants are given another 3 hours to read and study a chapter in a textbook and then they are given another 10 question quiz on the material (half of the participants received one chapter/quiz first and the other half received the other chapter/quiz first). The participants were encouraged to utilize the relaxation techniques they had learned in the course while taking the quiz. Use the data collected in the following table to determine if there is sufficient evidence at the 1% level of…arrow_forwardA sports equipment manufacturer has developed a new reasonably priced golf ball that it hopes will allow average golfers to hit the ball straighter. A concern is that this new technology might impact on the distance that the ball travels. To compare distances, Sarah, a company researcher, conducts an experiment where 20 current balls and 20 new balls are subjected to distance tests, using a mechanical hitting device for consistency. The results of the tests, with distances given to the nearest metre, are given in Table 1. Table 1 Distances travelled by golf balls Current golf ball New golf ball 299 292 292 291 293 285 295 288 283 273 280 305 280 286 311 308 292 291 283 296 292 294 309 281 311 286 302 302 294 296 297 303 287 298 282 293 300 290 297 284arrow_forward
- Scenario: If 20 participants completed an attention task twice — once after consuming a sugar pill and once after consuming a pill that contained 25 mg nicotine, which test would be most appropriate? Assume data meets all assumptions for a parametric test, and that participant exposure to the sugar pill vs. nicotine pill were counterbalanced. Question: What is the research / alternate hypothesis for this scenario? Nicotine does not affect attention. Nicotine affects attention. Anxiety does not affect attention. Anxiety affects attention.arrow_forwardWhen an interaction is present, is it appropriate to interpret a significant main effect as meaningful? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardAn American Automobile Association (AAA) study investigated the question of whether car owners or truck owners were more likely to change their own blown tire. The situation referred to in the study stated the following: “If you blew a tire on a trip, would you change the tire yourself?” A sample representative of the data used by AAA showed 663 of 818 car owners said that they would change the tire themselves while 541 of 733 truck owners said they would change the tire themselves. x n car owners 663 818 truck owner 541 733 The AAA research hypothesis was that truck owners would be more likely to change their tire themselves. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses for this study. Let car owners be population What is the percentage of car owners who indicated that they would change their own tire?arrow_forward
- Teacher X conducted an experimental study entitled the Effect of the Error Analysis Technique in Geometry among Grade 8 students in one of the Junior High Schools in Maryland, USA, which of the following would be the most appropriate interventions? A. Geometry classb. B. Grade 8 students C. Effects of Geometry D. Error analysis techniquearrow_forwardDO C ONLY PLEASE!!arrow_forwardThe data provided in the table below comes from a study in which a researcher wanted to determine if the emotion elicited by different pictures would significantly impact the number of images remembered. The researcher randomly assigned subjects into one of three different groups. One group viewed a series of negative images, another group viewed a series of neutral images and the final group viewed a series of positive images. Did the emotion of the image make a significant difference in the number of images recalled? The data you will need to test the hypothesis are in the tablebelow: Negative Image Group Neutral Image Group Positive Image Group Recall Score Deviation Squared Dev Recall Score Deviation Squared Dev Recall Score Deviation Squared Dev 19 10 14 24 6 11 25 3 18 15 8 9 20 2…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...AlgebraISBN:9781680331141Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURTPublisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...
Algebra
ISBN:9781680331141
Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT
Publisher:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Hypothesis Testing - Solving Problems With Proportions; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76VruarGn2Q;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals (FRM Part 1 – Book 2 – Chapter 5); Author: Analystprep;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vth3yZIUlGQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY