Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
To predict if a chemical reaction can take place while mixing each of the given set of reagents. If reaction is possible, the balanced molecular equation and net ionic equation has to be found for each reactions.
Concept introduction:
A chemical equation is the figurative representation of chemical reaction. In a chemical equation the reactants are in the left side and the products are in the right side. A balanced chemical equation serves as an easy tool for understanding a chemical reaction. There are mainly three types of chemical equations, molecular equations, complete ionic equation and net ionic equation.
In molecular equations the reactants and products are represented as molecular substances, even though they exist as ions in solution phase. The molecular equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 in solution phase is given below.
Ca(OH)2(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2NaOH(aq)
This equation is helpful in understanding the reactants and products involved in the reaction.
In complete ionic equations the electrolytes are represented as its ions. Soluble compounds exist as ions in solution. Complete ionic equation is helpful in understanding the reaction at ionic level. The complete ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 is given below.
Ca2+(aq)+2OH-(aq)+2Na+(aq)+CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2Na+(aq)+2OH-(aq)
The solid CaCO3 is insoluble and it exist as solid in solution.
In net ionic equations the ions that are common in the reactant and product sides( Spectator ions) are cancelled. These spectator ions are not participating in the
Ca2+(aq)+ CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)
(a)
Answer to Problem 4.99QP
The complete molecular equation
LiOH(aq) + HCN(aq)→LiCN(aq)+H2O(l)
The net ionic equation
OH−(aq) + HCN(aq)→CN-(aq)+H2O(l)
Explanation of Solution
The molecular equation for the reaction between HCN and lithium hydroxide is given below.
LiOH(aq) + HCN(aq)→LiCN(aq)+H2O(l)
In complete ionic equation the electrolytes are represented as its ions. The complete ionic equation for the reaction is given below. Since, HCN is weak acid its ionization is not included in the ionic equation.
Li+(aq)+OH−(aq) + HCN(aq)→Li+(aq)+CN-(aq)+H2O(l)
The ions common in the reactant and the product side are cancelled from the total ionic equation to get net ionic equation.
OH−(aq) + HCN(aq)→CN-(aq)+H2O(l)
(b)
Interpretation:
To predict if a chemical reaction can take place while mixing each of the given set of reagents. If reaction is possible, the balanced molecular equation and net ionic equation has to be found for each reactions.
Concept introduction:
A chemical equation is the figurative representation of chemical reaction. In a chemical equation the reactants are in the left side and the products are in the right side. A balanced chemical equation serves as an easy tool for understanding a chemical reaction. There are mainly three types of chemical equations, molecular equations, complete ionic equation and net ionic equation.
In molecular equations the reactants and products are represented as molecular substances, even though they exist as ions in solution phase. The molecular equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 in solution phase is given below.
Ca(OH)2(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2NaOH(aq)
This equation is helpful in understanding the reactants and products involved in the reaction.
In complete ionic equations the electrolytes are represented as its ions. Soluble compounds exist as ions in solution. Complete ionic equation is helpful in understanding the reaction at ionic level. The complete ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 is given below.
Ca2+(aq)+2OH-(aq)+2Na+(aq)+CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2Na+(aq)+2OH-(aq)
The solid CaCO3 is insoluble and it exist as solid in solution.
In net ionic equations the ions that are common in the reactant and product sides( Spectator ions) are cancelled. These spectator ions are not participating in the chemical reactions. The net ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 is given below. As hydroxide ions and sodium ions are common in both the side it is neglected from the equation.
Ca2+(aq)+ CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)
(b)
Answer to Problem 4.99QP
The complete molecular equation
2H3PO4(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq)→ 2H2O(l)+Ca(H2PO4)2(aq)
The net ionic equation
H3PO4 (aq)+ OH−(aq)→ H2O(l)+H2PO4 −(aq)
Explanation of Solution
The complete molecular equation for the reaction between lithium carbonate and nitric acid is given below. The salt formed is a soluble salt.
Li2CO3(aq) + 2HNO3(aq)→ 2LiNO3(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
In complete ionic equation the electrolytes are represented as its ions. The complete ionic equation for the reaction is given below.
2Li+(aq)+CO32−(aq)+ 2H+(aq)+2NO3−(aq)→ 2Li+(aq)+2NO3−(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
The ions common in the reactant and the product side are cancelled from the total ionic equation to get net ionic equation.
CO32−(aq)+ 2H+(aq)→ CO2(g)+H2O(l)
(c)
Interpretation:
To predict if a chemical reaction can take place while mixing each of the given set of reagents. If reaction is possible, the balanced molecular equation and net ionic equation has to be found for each reactions.
Concept introduction:
A chemical equation is the figurative representation of chemical reaction. In a chemical equation the reactants are in the left side and the products are in the right side. A balanced chemical equation serves as an easy tool for understanding a chemical reaction. There are mainly three types of chemical equations, molecular equations, complete ionic equation and net ionic equation.
In molecular equations the reactants and products are represented as molecular substances, even though they exist as ions in solution phase. The molecular equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 in solution phase is given below.
Ca(OH)2(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2NaOH(aq)
This equation is helpful in understanding the reactants and products involved in the reaction.
In complete ionic equations the electrolytes are represented as its ions. Soluble compounds exist as ions in solution. Complete ionic equation is helpful in understanding the reaction at ionic level. The complete ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 is given below.
Ca2+(aq)+2OH-(aq)+2Na+(aq)+CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2Na+(aq)+2OH-(aq)
The solid CaCO3 is insoluble and it exist as solid in solution.
In net ionic equations the ions that are common in the reactant and product sides( Spectator ions) are cancelled. These spectator ions are not participating in the chemical reactions. The net ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 is given below. As hydroxide ions and sodium ions are common in both the side it is neglected from the equation.
Ca2+(aq)+ CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)
(c)
Answer to Problem 4.99QP
The complete molecular equation
LiCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)→LiNO3(aq) + AgCl(s)
The net ionic equation
Ag+(aq)+Cl-(aq)→ AgCl(s)
Explanation of Solution
The complete molecular equation for the reaction between lithium chloride and silver nitrate is given below.
LiCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)→LiNO3(aq) + AgCl(s)
In complete ionic equation the electrolytes are represented as its ions. The complete ionic equation for the reaction is given below.
Li+(aq)+Cl-(aq) + Ag+(aq)+NO3−(aq)→Li+(aq) +NO3-(aq)+ AgCl(s)
The ions common in the reactant and the product side are cancelled from the total ionic equation to get net ionic equation.
Ag+(aq)+Cl-(aq)→ AgCl(s)
(d)
Interpretation:
To predict if a chemical reaction can take place while mixing each of the given set of reagents. If reaction is possible, the balanced molecular equation and net ionic equation has to be found for each reactions.
Concept introduction:
A chemical equation is the figurative representation of chemical reaction. In a chemical equation the reactants are in the left side and the products are in the right side. A balanced chemical equation serves as an easy tool for understanding a chemical reaction. There are mainly three types of chemical equations, molecular equations, complete ionic equation and net ionic equation.
In molecular equations the reactants and products are represented as molecular substances, even though they exist as ions in solution phase. The molecular equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 in solution phase is given below.
Ca(OH)2(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2NaOH(aq)
This equation is helpful in understanding the reactants and products involved in the reaction.
In complete ionic equations the electrolytes are represented as its ions. Soluble compounds exist as ions in solution. Complete ionic equation is helpful in understanding the reaction at ionic level. The complete ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 is given below.
Ca2+(aq)+2OH-(aq)+2Na+(aq)+CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)+2Na+(aq)+2OH-(aq)
The solid CaCO3 is insoluble and it exist as solid in solution.
In net ionic equations the ions that are common in the reactant and product sides( Spectator ions) are cancelled. These spectator ions are not participating in the chemical reactions. The net ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 is given below. As hydroxide ions and sodium ions are common in both the side it is neglected from the equation.
Ca2+(aq)+ CO32-(aq)→CaCO3(s)
(d)
Answer to Problem 4.99QP
No reaction occurs.
Explanation of Solution
When MgSO4 and NaCl are mixed no reaction occurs.
MgSO4+NaCl→NR
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Chapter 4 Solutions
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
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