
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The following ball- and -stick model of 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid should be converted into a Lewis structure.
Concept introduction:
- Lewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and existing lone pairs of electrons.
- Bonding electrons are those electrons which are shared between the atoms resulting in the formation of bond.
- Non-bonding electrons are the valence electrons of the atom which are not shared with another atom.
(b)
Interpretation:
The shape around each carbon atom should be determined.
Concept introduction:
The model which is used in chemistry to determine the geometry of individual molecules with the help of the number of electron pairs surrounded by central atoms is known as Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory.
(c)
Interpretation:
The polar bonds present in 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid should be labeled.
Concept introduction:
A polar bond is a covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons forming the bond are unequally distributed. This causes the molecule to have a slight electrical dipole moment where one end is slightly positive and the other is slightly negative.

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Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, & BIOLOGICAL CHEM
- The statements in the tables below are about two different chemical equilibria. The symbols have their usual meaning, for example AG stands for the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction and K stands for the equilibrium constant. In each table, there may be one statement that is faise because it contradicts the other three statements. If you find a false statement, check the box next to t Otherwise, check the "no false statements" box under the table. statement false? AG"1 no false statements: statement false? AG-0 0 InK-0 0 K-1 0 AH-TAS no false statements 2arrow_forwardComplete the following esterification reactions by drawing the line formulas of the carboxylic acid and alcohol required to form the ester shown. catalyst catalyst catalyst apricot fragrancearrow_forwardShow the saponification products of the following ester: You don't need to draw in the Na+ cation. catalyst, A catalyst, A catalyst, Aarrow_forward
- What would happen if the carboxylic acid and alcohol groups were on the same molecule? In essence, the molecule reacts with itself. Draw the structure of the products formed in this manner using the reactants below. If two functional groups interact with one another on the same molecule, this is called an “intramolecular" (within one) rather than "intermolecular" (between two or more) attack. OH OH catalyst OH HO catalyst catalyst HO OHarrow_forwardQ3: Write in the starting alkyl bromide used to form the following products. Include any reactants, reagents, and solvents over the reaction arrow. If more than one step is required, denote separate steps by using 1), 2), 3), etc. H OH racemic OH OH 5 racemicarrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure of the SO3-O(CH3)2 complex shown in the bottom right of slide 2in lecture 3-3 (“Me” means a CH3 group) – include all valence electron pairs and formal charges.From this structure, should the complex be a stable molecule? Explain.arrow_forward
- please add appropriate arrows, and tell me clearly where to add arrows, or draw itarrow_forwardWhat I Have Learned Directions: Given the following reaction and the stress applied in each reaction, answer the question below. A. H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2 HCl(g) Stress applied: Decreasing the pressure 1. What is the Keq expression? 2. What will be the effect in the number of moles of HCl(g)? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction? B. Fe3O4(s) + 4 H2(g) + heat 53 Fe(s) + 4 H₂O(g) Stress applied: Increasing the temperature 1. What is the Keq expression?. 2. What will be the effect in the volume of water vapor collected? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction? C. 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(g) + heat Stress applied: Increasing the volume of the container 1. What is the Keq expression?. 2. What will be the effect in the amount of H₂O? 3. What will be the Equilibrium Shift or the reaction?arrow_forwardConsider the solubility products (Ksp values) for the following compounds:SrSO4 (Ksp = 7.6 x 10−7), BaSO4 (Ksp = 1.5 x 10−9), SrCO3 (Ksp = 7.0 x 10−10), BaCO3 (Ksp = 1.6 x 10−9)Which anion is the harder base, CO32− or SO42−? Justify your answer.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
