University Physics Volume 3
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168185
Author: William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher: OpenStax
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 47P
(a) What do the four angles in the preceding problem become if a 5000-line per centimeter diffraction grating is used? (b) Using this grating, what would the angles be for the second-order maxima? (c) Discuss the relationship between integral reductions in lines per centimeter and the new angles of various order maxima.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
What do the four angles in the above problem becomeif a 5000-line-per-centimeter diffraction grating is used? (b)Using this grating, what would the angles be for the secondorder maxima? (c) Discuss the relationship between integralreductions in lines per centimeter and the new angles ofvarious order maxima.
Consider a diffraction grating with a grating constant of 500 lines/mm. The grading is illuminated with a composite light source consisting of two distinct wavelengths of light being 666 nm and 501 nm. If a screen is placed a distance of 57 m away, what is the linear separation between the 1st order maxima of the 2 wavelengths? Express this distance in meters.
(a) How far from some grains of red sand must you be so that you are just at the limit of
resolving the grains if your pupil diameter is 3mm, the grains are spherical with radius
50μm, and the light from the gains has wavelength 650nm?
(b) If the grains were blue and the light from them had wavelength 400nm instead, would
the answer to (a) be larger or smaller?
(c) Now let's say you are a superhero and you had x-ray vision, so you could see light that
had a wavelength of 0.1nm instead. Now how far could you be from the gains of sand
to just be at the limit to distinguish one grain of sand from another? (with the same
pupil diameter). (assume you're on the beach and there's plenty of light from many
frequencies bouncing off the sand, and when you turn on your x-ray vision you aren't
bothered by all the other frequencies around).
Chapter 4 Solutions
University Physics Volume 3
Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding Suppose the slit width in...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding For the experiment in...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding For the experiment in...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding If the line spacing of a...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding What is the angular...Ch. 4 - Check Your Understanding For the experiment...Ch. 4 - As the width of the slit producing a single-slit...Ch. 4 - Compare interference and diffraction.Ch. 4 - If you and a friend are on opposite sides of a...Ch. 4 - What happens to the diffraction pattern of a...
Ch. 4 - In our study of diffraction by a single slit, we...Ch. 4 - A rectangular slit is twice as wide as it is high....Ch. 4 - In Equation 4.4, the parameter looks like an...Ch. 4 - Shown below is the central part of the...Ch. 4 - Is higher resolution obtained in a microscope with...Ch. 4 - The resolving power of refracting telescope...Ch. 4 - The distance between atoms in a molecule is about...Ch. 4 - A beam of light always spreads out. Why can a beam...Ch. 4 - Crystal lattices can be examined with X-rays but...Ch. 4 - How can you tell that a hologram is a true...Ch. 4 - If a hologram is recorded using monochromatic...Ch. 4 - What image will one see if a hologram is recorded...Ch. 4 - (a) At what angle is the first minimum for 550-nm...Ch. 4 - (a) Calculate the angle at which a 2.00-m-wide...Ch. 4 - (a) How wide is a single slit that produces its...Ch. 4 - (a) What is the width of a single slit that...Ch. 4 - Find the wavelength of light that has its third...Ch. 4 - (a) Sodium vapor light averaging 589 nm in...Ch. 4 - Consider a single-slit diffraction pattern for...Ch. 4 - (a) Find the angle between the first minima for...Ch. 4 - What is the minimum width of a single slit (in...Ch. 4 - (a) If a single slit produces a first minimum at...Ch. 4 - If the separation between the first and the second...Ch. 4 - A water break at the entrance to a harbor consists...Ch. 4 - An aircraft maintenance technician walks past a...Ch. 4 - A single slit of width 3.0 m is illuminated by a...Ch. 4 - A single slit of width 0.1 mm is illuminated by a...Ch. 4 - The width of the central peak in a single-slit...Ch. 4 - Consider the single-slit diffraction pattern for...Ch. 4 - Two slits of width 2 m, each in an opaque...Ch. 4 - A double slit produces a diffraction pattern that...Ch. 4 - For a double-slit configuration where the slit...Ch. 4 - Light of wavelength 500 nm falls normally on 50...Ch. 4 - A monochromatic light of wavelength 589 nm...Ch. 4 - When a monochromatic light of wavelength 430 nm...Ch. 4 - Determine the intensities of two interference...Ch. 4 - A diffraction grating has 2000 lines per...Ch. 4 - Find the angle for the third-order maximum for...Ch. 4 - How many lines per centimeter are there on a...Ch. 4 - What is the distance between lines on a...Ch. 4 - Calculate the wavelength of light that has its...Ch. 4 - An electric current through hydrogen gas produces...Ch. 4 - (a) What do the four angles in the preceding...Ch. 4 - What is the spacing between structures in a...Ch. 4 - An opal such as that shown in Figure 4.15 acts...Ch. 4 - At what angle does a diffraction grating produce a...Ch. 4 - (a) Find the maximum number of lines per...Ch. 4 - (a) Show that a 30,000 line per centimeter grating...Ch. 4 - The analysis shown below also applies to...Ch. 4 - The 305-m-diameter Arecibo radio telescope...Ch. 4 - Assuming the angular resolution found for the...Ch. 4 - Diffraction spreading for a flashlight is...Ch. 4 - (a) What is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nm...Ch. 4 - A telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of...Ch. 4 - The limit to the eye’s acuity is actually related...Ch. 4 - What is the minimum diameter mirror on a telescope...Ch. 4 - Find the radius of a star’s image on the retina of...Ch. 4 - (a) The dwarf planet Pluto and its moon, Charon,...Ch. 4 - A spy satellite orbits Earth at a height of 180...Ch. 4 - What is the minimum angular separation of two...Ch. 4 - The headlights of a car are 1.3 m apart. What is...Ch. 4 - When dots are placed on a page from a laser...Ch. 4 - Suppose you are looking down at a highway from a...Ch. 4 - Can an astronaut orbiting Earth in a satellite at...Ch. 4 - The characters of a stadium scoreboard are formed...Ch. 4 - If a microscope can accept light from objects at...Ch. 4 - A camera uses a lens with aperture 2.0 cm. What is...Ch. 4 - X-rays of wavelength 0.103 nm reflects off a...Ch. 4 - A first-order Bragg reflection maximum is observed...Ch. 4 - An X-ray scattering experiment is performed on a...Ch. 4 - The structure of the NaCl crystal forms reflecting...Ch. 4 - On a certain crystal, a first-order X-ray...Ch. 4 - Calcite crystals contain scattering planes...Ch. 4 - The first-order Bragg angle for a certain crystal...Ch. 4 - White light falls on two narrow slits separated by...Ch. 4 - Microwaves of wavelength 10.0 mm fall normally on...Ch. 4 - Quasars, or quasi-stellar radio sources, are...Ch. 4 - Two slits each of width 1800 nm and separated by...Ch. 4 - A microwave of an unknown wavelength is incident...Ch. 4 - Red light (wavelength 632.8 nm in air) from a...Ch. 4 - A light ray of wavelength 461.9 nm emerges from a...Ch. 4 - How far apart must two objects be on the moon to...Ch. 4 - How far apart must two objects be on the moon to...Ch. 4 - A spy satellite is reputed to be able to resolve...Ch. 4 - Monochromatic light of wavelength 530 nm passes...Ch. 4 - A monochromatic light of unknown wavelength is...Ch. 4 - A source of light having two wavelengths 550 nm...Ch. 4 - A single slit of width 2100 nm is illuminated...Ch. 4 - A single slit of width 3.0 m is illuminated by a...Ch. 4 - A single slit of width 0.10 mm is illuminated by a...Ch. 4 - A diffraction grating produces a second maximum...Ch. 4 - A grating with 4000 lines per centimeter is used...Ch. 4 - A diffraction grating with 2000 lines per...Ch. 4 - For white light (400nm700nm) falling normally on a...Ch. 4 - How many complete orders of the visible spectrum...Ch. 4 - Two lamps producing light of wavelength 589 nm are...Ch. 4 - On a bright clear day, you are at the top of a...Ch. 4 - Radio telescopes are telescopes used for the...Ch. 4 - Calculate the wavelength of light that produces...Ch. 4 - (a) Find the angle of the third diffraction...Ch. 4 - As an example of diffraction by apertures of...Ch. 4 - What are the angular positions of the first and...Ch. 4 - How far would you place a screen from the slit of...Ch. 4 - How narrow is a slit that produces a diffraction...Ch. 4 - Suppose that the central peak of a single-slit...Ch. 4 - The central diffraction peak of the double-slit...Ch. 4 - Determine the intensities of three interference...Ch. 4 - The yellow light from a sodium vapor lamp seems to...Ch. 4 - Structures on a bird feather act like a reflection...Ch. 4 - If a diffraction grating produces a first-order...Ch. 4 - (a) What visible wavelength has its fourth-order...Ch. 4 - Consider a spectrometer based on a diffraction...Ch. 4 - An amateur astronomer wants to build a telescope...Ch. 4 - Blue light of wavelength 450 nm falls on a slit of...Ch. 4 - (a) Assume that the maxima are halfway between the...Ch. 4 - (a) By differentiating Equation 4.4, show that the...Ch. 4 - What is the maximum number of lines per centimeter...Ch. 4 - Show that a diffraction grating cannot produce a...Ch. 4 - A He-Ne laser beam is reflected from the surface...Ch. 4 - Objects viewed through a microscope are placed...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
(a) By taking the slope of the curve in Figure 2.60, verify that the velocity of the jet car is 115 m/sat t=20 ...
College Physics
41. (II) A 0.40-kg cord is stretched between two supports, 8.7 m apart. When one support is struck by a hammer,...
Physics: Principles with Applications
The position of a particle for t0 is given by r(t)=(3.0t2i7.0t3j5.0t2k)m. (a) What Is the velocity as a functio...
University Physics Volume 1
Check Your Understanding A rod of length 10cm moves at aspeed of 10 m/sperpendicularly though a 1.5-T magneticf...
University Physics Volume 2
The pV-diagram of the Carnot cycle.
Sears And Zemansky's University Physics With Modern Physics
The force, when you push against a wall with your fingers, they bend.
Conceptual Physics (12th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The structure of the NaCl crystal forms reflecting planes 0.541 nm apart. What is the smallest angle, measured from these planes, at which X-ray diffraction can be observed, if X-rays of wavelength 0.085 nm are used?arrow_forwardFor a three-slit interference pattern, find the ratio of the peak intensities of a secondary maximum to a principal maximum.arrow_forwardOn a certain crystal, a first-order X-ray diffraction maximum is observed at an angle of 27.1° relative to its surface, using an X-ray source of unknown wavelength. Additionally, when illuminated with a different, this time of known wavelength 0.137 nm, a second-order maximum is detected at 37.3°. Determine (a) the spacing between the reflecting planes, and (b) the unknown wavelength.arrow_forward
- An X-ray scattering experiment is performed on a crystal whose atoms form planes separated by 0.440 nm. Using an X-ray source of wavelength 0.548 nm, what is the angle (with respect to the planes in question) at which the experimenter needs to illuminate the crystal in order to observe a first-order maximum?arrow_forwardAn optical fiber ('silica-glass') has a 'core' core with diameter 2a = 4µm and index of refraction n1 = 1.468 and a cladding shell with n2 = 1.447. (a) Calculate the numerical NA aperture of the optical fiber and the 2αmax air acceptance angle. (b) Using the data in the table below, calculate the number of modes for each length waveform: 870, 1312, 1550nm. (c) The optical power incident on the fiber by a diode laser, which operates at λ = 1312nm, is approximately 5mW. A photodetector at the fiber output requires minimal power of 5nW to do signal detection. What is the maximum fiber length that can be used without having to insert a signal repeater/regenerator into the system?arrow_forwardA telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of a laser beam and limit diffraction spreading. The laser beam is sent through the telescope in opposite the normal direction and can then be projected onto a satellite or the Moon. (a) If this is done with the Mount Wilson telescope, producing a 2.54-m-diameter beam of 633-nm light, what is the minimum angular spread of the beam? (b) Neglecting atmospheric effects, what is the size of the spot this beam would make on the Moon, assuming a lunar distance of 3.84×108 m ?arrow_forward
- (a) Describe the concept of minimum deviation in a triangular prism. (b) How is this concept used in Spectroscopy? (c) For a better spectrometer, what angle alpha and index of refraction n should be used considering physical limitations?arrow_forwardWrite down an expression for the angle of the first minimum of diffraction of light of wavelength by a circular aperture of diameter d.arrow_forward) Consider a crystal consisting of m + 1 lattice planes of spacing d, of total thickness t = md, being set for diffraction as depicted in Fig. 2. At the incidence angle ӨB, Braggs law is satisfied. Explain the phenomenon through which the angles Ө1 and Ө2 are the limiting angles at which the diffracted intensity falls to zero.arrow_forward
- To make a hologram using an Argon laser (1 = 0.488 µm), the maximum angle between objective and reference beams is 0max resolution (or spatial frequency) of the holographic recording film (fo – lines per mm)? 40°. What is the requirement on the minimum 0.633 um). Assume that z, When the hologram is reconstructed using a HeNe laser (A 10cm, z, = 2z,, Zp transversal and axial magnification (M; and Ma). = 00, please compute virtual and real image locations (Fz;), thearrow_forwardA transmission grating is a square of side of 2 cm, and is an opaque screen containing parallel equally spaced transmitting slits with 200 slits per mm. Light is incident on the grating at normal incidence with a beam area of 1 cm × 1 cm. a) Calculate the angles of diffraction for light of 450 nm and 600 nm at second order.arrow_forwardHere you are asked to implement the method by dividing the aperture into a finitenumber of segments. Use a unit system where lengths are measured as multiples ofthe wavelength of the incident light, λ. Assume that the index of refraction n = 1.00can be used for air.Further assume that the horizontal distance between source and aperture X is somelarge multiple of λ, and that the same distance is assumed between aperture anddetector screen.Assume that the aperture size a is some small multiple of the wavelength.a) Compute the probability amplitude for the central detector height yd = 0 byusing three paths (i) one going directly from source (at height ys = 0, i.e., on the xaxis, via yi = 0 (at the aperture) towards the detector screen;(ii) then for two straight-line paths: one going via yi = a/2, and one vie yi = −a/2.The result should be three complex numbers. Show that these are unit-magnitudecomplex numbers.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Convex and Concave Lenses; Author: Manocha Academy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJ6aB5ULqa0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY