The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research
The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305802698
Author: Joseph F. Healey
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.7P

S O C Labor force participation rates (percent employed), percent high school graduates, and mean income for males and females in ten states are reported here. Calculate the mean and the standard for both groups for each variable and describe the differences. Are males and females unequal on any of these variables? How great is the gender inequality?

Labor Force Participation Rate Percentage HS Graduates Mean Income
State Male Female Male Female Male Female
A 65.8 54.3 81.0 81.9 55,623 50,012
B 76.7 63.0 88.4 89.7 52,345 51,556
C 71.8 57.2 82.4 84.6 55,789 48,231
D 76.1 66.6 89.5 90.9 48,907 46,289
E 75.1 63.1 86.9 88.7 62,023 58,034
F 69.9 61.1 86.3 86.4 55,000 53,897
G 73.6 59.6 87.1 87.6 49,145 47,148
H 70.5 60.3 87.0 87.6 51,897 50,659
I 66.3 55.2 81.7 84.1 51,238 45,289
J 74.5 67.1 89.1 91.6 60,746 56,489
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What were the average sales for the four weeks prior to the experiment? What were the sales during the four weeks when the stores used the digital display? What is the mean difference in sales between the experimental and regular POP time periods? State the null hypothesis being tested by the paired sample t-test. Do you reject or retain the null hypothesis? At a 95% significance level, was the difference significant? Explain why or why not using the results from the paired sample t-test. Should the manager of the retail chain install new digital displays in each store? Justify your answer.
A retail chain is interested in determining whether a digital video point-of-purchase (POP) display would stimulate higher sales for a brand advertised compared to the standard cardboard point-of-purchase display. To test this, a one-shot static group design experiment was conducted over a four-week period in 100 different stores. Fifty stores were randomly assigned to the control treatment (standard display) and the other 50 stores were randomly assigned to the experimental treatment (digital display). Compare the sales of the control group (standard POP) to the experimental group (digital POP). What were the average sales for the standard POP display (control group)? What were the sales for the digital display (experimental group)? What is the (mean) difference in sales between the experimental group and control group? List the null hypothesis being tested. Do you reject or retain the null hypothesis based on the results of the independent t-test? Was the difference between the…
Question 4 An article in Quality Progress (May 2011, pp. 42-48) describes the use of factorial experiments to improve a silver powder production process. This product is used in conductive pastes to manufacture a wide variety of products ranging from silicon wafers to elastic membrane switches. Powder density (g/cm²) and surface area (cm/g) are the two critical characteristics of this product. The experiments involved three factors: reaction temperature, ammonium percentage, stirring rate. Each of these factors had two levels, and the design was replicated twice. The design is shown in Table 3. A222222222222233 Stir Rate (RPM) Ammonium (%) Table 3: Silver Powder Experiment from Exercise 13.23 Temperature (°C) Density Surface Area 100 8 14.68 0.40 100 8 15.18 0.43 30 100 8 15.12 0.42 30 100 17.48 0.41 150 7.54 0.69 150 8 6.66 0.67 30 150 8 12.46 0.52 30 150 8 12.62 0.36 100 40 10.95 0.58 100 40 17.68 0.43 30 100 40 12.65 0.57 30 100 40 15.96 0.54 150 40 8.03 0.68 150 40 8.84 0.75 30 150…
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