Chapter 4, Problem 4.50E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equivalent of Gibbs-Helmholtz equation for Helmholtz energy $A$ is to be derived.

Concept introduction:

Helmholtz energy of system represents the useful work from a closed thermodynamic system at isothermal and isochoric conditions. The symbol $A$ of Helmholtz energy is derived from the German word ‘Arbeit’ that means work. The Helmholtz energy of the system is mathematically shown below.

$A=U-TS$