(a)
Interpretation:
The number of vacancies of anion per
Concept introduction:
In ionic materials, most common defects found is the Schottky defect in which stoichiometric number of cations and anions are missing from the crystal lattice and the electoral neutrality of the crystal is preserved.
The number of vacancies per
Volume of a unit cell
Answer to Problem 4.16P
The number of vacancies of anion per
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
In every tenth unit cell of MgO there is one Schottky defect present. The crystal structure of MgO is that of the sodium chloride with lattice parameter of
Use equation (2) to calculate the volume of a unit cell from its lattice parameter as:
The crystal structure of NaCl is FCC in which there are
But it is given that for every
Using equation (1) to calculate the number of anion vacancies per
(b)
Interpretation:
The density of the given ceramic is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
Volume of a unit cell
The relationship between the theoretical density
Here,
Answer to Problem 4.16P
The density of the given ceramic is
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
In every tenth unit cell of MgO there is one Schottky defect present. The crystal structure of MgO is that of the sodium chloride with lattice parameter of
Use equation (2) to calculate the volume of a unit cell from its lattice parameter as:
Let the basis of the calculations be
It is given that for every
So, for a unit cell number of cations and anions present in a unit cell will be:
Atomic weights of
Use equation (3) to calculate the density of the ceramic sample as:
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