Chapter 4, Problem 3DQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The difference in pathways of Wnt/β-catenin, calcium, and PCP. The examination of meaningful pathway interactions among all the paracrine factors (Wnt, Hedgehog, FGF, BMP, etc).

Introduction:

Paracrine factors often act as morphogens for induction of numerous organs and can be grouped into one of four major families based on structure:

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family

The Hedgehog family

The Wnt family

The TGF-β superfamily, the activin family, the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), the nodal proteins, the Vg1 family.