ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781266060144
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4, Problem 34P

Name each alkane using the ball-and-stick model, and classify each carbon as 1 ο , 2 ο , 3 ο , or 4 ο .

Chapter 4, Problem 34P, Name each alkane using the ball-and-stick model, and classify each carbon as 1,2,3,or4.

Expert Solution
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Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The nomenclature of given alkane is to be stated and each carbon as 1ο,2ο,3ο,or4ο is to be classified.

Concept introduction: The aliphatic hydrocarbons that have only CC and CHσ bonds are called alkanes. A primary carbon atom is indicated by 1ο, and it is bonded to only one other carbon atom. A secondary carbon atom is indicated by 2ο, and it is bonded to two other carbon atoms. A tertiary carbon atom is indicated by 3ο, and it is bonded to three other carbon atoms. A quaternary carbon atom is indicated by 4ο, and it is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 34P

The IUPAC name of given alkane is 3, 3, 4, 5-tetramethylheptane.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  1

Figure 6

Explanation of Solution

The given ball and stick model of alkane is,

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  2

Figure 1

In ball-and-stick model, each colored ball represents a specific atom and each stick represents a bond. In this model, each black ball represents C atoms,, and each gray ball represents H atoms.

Thus, the skeletal structure of given alkane is,

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  3

Figure 2

One should follow the given four steps to give the IUPAC name of a compound. The first step is naming of longest parent chain.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  4

Figure 3

The second step is numbering of chain.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  5

Figure 4

The third step is naming and numbering of substituents.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  6

Figure 5

The fourth step is combining of all parts.

Substituentsnameandnumbers+Parent+Suffix3, 3, 4, 5-tetramethyl+hept+ane7C’sanalkane

Thus, the IUPAC name of given alkane is 3, 3, 4, 5-tetramethylheptane.

The aliphatic hydrocarbons that have only CC and CHσ bonds are called alkanes. A primary carbon atom is indicated by 1ο, and it is bonded to only one other carbon atom. A secondary carbon atom is indicated by 2ο, and it is bonded to two other carbon atoms. A tertiary carbon atom is indicated by 3ο, and it is bonded to three other carbon atoms. A quaternary carbon atom is indicated by 4ο, and it is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Thus, each carbon as 1ο,2ο,3ο,or4ο of given alkane is labeled as,

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  7

Figure 6

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of given alkane is 3, 3, 4, 5-tetramethylheptane.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The nomenclature of given alkane is to be stated and each carbon as 1ο,2ο,3ο,or4ο is to be classified.

Concept introduction: The aliphatic hydrocarbons that have only CC and CHσ bonds are called alkanes. A primary carbon atom is indicated by 1ο, and it is bonded to only one other carbon atom. A secondary carbon atom is indicated by 2ο, and it is bonded to two other carbon atoms. A tertiary carbon atom is indicated by 3ο, and it is bonded to three other carbon atoms. A quaternary carbon atom is indicated by 4ο, and it is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 34P

The IUPAC name of given alkane is 3-ethyl-5, 5-dimethyloctane.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  8

Figure 12

Explanation of Solution

The given ball and stick model of alkane is,

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  9

Figure 7

In ball-and-stick model, each colored ball represents a specific atom and each stick represents a bond. In this model, each black ball represents C atoms,, and each gray ball represents H atoms.

Thus, the skeletal structure of given alkane is,

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  10

Figure 8

One should follow the given four steps to give the IUPAC name of a compound. The first step is naming of longest parent chain.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  11

Figure 9

The second step is numbering of chain.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  12

Figure 10

The third step is naming and numbering of substituents.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  13

Figure 11

The fourth step is combining of all parts.

Substituentsnameandnumbers+Parent+Suffix3-ethyl-5, 5-dimethyl+oct+ane(Alphabeticalorder:‘e’forethyl,then‘m’formethyl)8C’sanalkane

Thus, the IUPAC name of given alkane is 3-ethyl-5, 5-dimethyloctane.

The aliphatic hydrocarbons that have only CC and CHσ bonds are called alkanes. A primary carbon atom is indicated by 1ο, and it is bonded to only one other carbon atom. A secondary carbon atom is indicated by 2ο, and it is bonded to two other carbon atoms. A tertiary carbon atom is indicated by 3ο, and it is bonded to three other carbon atoms. A quaternary carbon atom is indicated by 4ο, and it is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Thus, each carbon as 1ο,2ο,3ο,or4ο of given alkane is labeled as,

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT, Chapter 4, Problem 34P , additional homework tip  14

Figure 12

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of given alkane is 3, 3, 4, 5-tetramethylheptane.

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Chapter 4 Solutions

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - LOOSELEAF W/CONNECT

Ch. 4.5 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound.Ch. 4.5 - Give the structure corresponding to each IUPAC...Ch. 4.8 - Arrange the following compounds in order of...Ch. 4.9 - Problem 4.14 Draw the staggered and eclipsed...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 15PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 16PCh. 4.10 - Problem 4.17 a. Draw the three staggered and...Ch. 4.10 - Problem 4.18 Rank the following conformations in...Ch. 4.10 - Problem 4.19 Consider rotation around the...Ch. 4.10 - Calculate the destabilization present in each...Ch. 4.12 - Problem 4.21 Classify the ring carbons as up or...Ch. 4.12 - Problem 4.22 Using the cyclohexane with the C’s...Ch. 4.13 - Draw a second chair conformation for each...Ch. 4.13 - Problem 4.24 Draw both conformations for and...Ch. 4.13 - Problem 4.25 Draw the structure for each compound...Ch. 4.13 - Prob. 26PCh. 4.14 - Prob. 31PCh. 4.14 - Prob. 32PCh. 4.15 - Prob. 33PCh. 4 - Name each alkane using the ball-and-stick model,...Ch. 4 - 4.40 Draw the structure corresponding to each...Ch. 4 - 4.42 Give the IUPAC name for each compound. a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 42PCh. 4 - 4.46 Considering rotation around the bond...Ch. 4 - 4.50 Calculate the barrier to rotation for each...Ch. 4 - 4.51 The eclipsed conformation of is less...Ch. 4 - (a) Draw the anti and gauche conformations for...Ch. 4 - For each compound drawn below: a.Label each OH,Br...Ch. 4 - Draw the two possible chair conformations for...Ch. 4 - For each compound drawn below: a. Draw...Ch. 4 - Classify each pair of compounds as constitutional...Ch. 4 - Prob. 66PCh. 4 - 4.64 Draw the products of combustion of each...Ch. 4 - 4.65 Hydrocarbons like benzene are metabolized in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 69PCh. 4 - Prob. 70PCh. 4 - Cyclopropane and cyclobutane have similar strain...Ch. 4 - Prob. 72PCh. 4 - Haloethanes (CH3CH2X,X=Cl,Br,I) have similar...Ch. 4 - Prob. 74PCh. 4 - Prob. 75PCh. 4 - Consider the tricyclic structure B (a) Label each...Ch. 4 - Read Appendix B on naming branched alkyl...Ch. 4 - Read Appendix B on naming bicyclic compounds. Then...
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