Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, Custom edition for Houston Community College Northwest, Volume 1, Includes student access code card
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323627983
Author: Martini, Nath, Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 26RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason why infections are always serious after a severe burn or abrasion.
Introduction:
A compact structure of epithelial cells forms a protective layer on skin and protects it from pathogens and germs. The layer of stratified squamous epithelium protects the body from mechanical stress also. Skin also secretes several secretions (lysozymes, sweat) that kill the microbes and pathogen. Any opening in the skin can cause the entry of microbes in the body.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 4 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, Custom edition for Houston Community College Northwest, Volume 1, Includes student access code card
Ch. 4 - Define histology.Ch. 4 - Identify the four major types of tissues in the...Ch. 4 - Identify four essential functions of epithelial...Ch. 4 - List five important characteristics of epithelial...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5CPCh. 4 - Identify the various type of epithelial cell...Ch. 4 - What is the functional significance of gap...Ch. 4 - Identify the three cell shapes characteristic of...Ch. 4 - When classifying epithelial tissue, one with a...Ch. 4 - Viewed with a light microscope, a tissue appears...
Ch. 4 - Why do the pharynx, esophagus, anus, and vagina...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12CPCh. 4 - The secretory cells of sebaceous glands fill with...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14CPCh. 4 - Prob. 15CPCh. 4 - List the three categories of connective tissues.Ch. 4 - Prob. 17CPCh. 4 - Prob. 18CPCh. 4 - Prob. 19CPCh. 4 - Prob. 20CPCh. 4 - Prob. 21CPCh. 4 - Which two types of connective tissue have a fluid...Ch. 4 - Describe the recirculation of fluid in the body.Ch. 4 - Identify the two types of supporting connective...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25CPCh. 4 - Prob. 26CPCh. 4 - Identify the four types of tissue membranes found...Ch. 4 - Prob. 28CPCh. 4 - Which type of tissue membrane typically lines body...Ch. 4 - Prob. 30CPCh. 4 - Prob. 31CPCh. 4 - If skeletal muscle cells in adults are incapable...Ch. 4 - A tissue contains irregularly shaped cells with...Ch. 4 - Identify the two phases in the response to tissue...Ch. 4 - Prob. 35CPCh. 4 - Identify some age-related factors that affect...Ch. 4 - What would account for the observed increase in...Ch. 4 - LEVEL 1 Reviewing Facts and Terms 1. Identify the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2RQCh. 4 - Tissue that is specialized for contraction is (a)...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4RQCh. 4 - The most abundant connections between cells in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6RQCh. 4 - Prob. 7RQCh. 4 - Prob. 8RQCh. 4 - Which of the following epithelia most easily...Ch. 4 - Functions of connective tissue include (a)...Ch. 4 - Prob. 11RQCh. 4 - Prob. 12RQCh. 4 - Prob. 13RQCh. 4 - Prob. 14RQCh. 4 - Prob. 15RQCh. 4 - Prob. 16RQCh. 4 - Prob. 17RQCh. 4 - Prob. 18RQCh. 4 - Prob. 19RQCh. 4 - Prob. 20RQCh. 4 - Prob. 21RQCh. 4 - Prob. 22RQCh. 4 - What is the difference between an exocrine...Ch. 4 - A significant structural feature in the digestive...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25RQCh. 4 - Prob. 26RQCh. 4 - A layer of glycoproteins and a network of fine...Ch. 4 - Why does damaged cartilage heal slowly? (a)...Ch. 4 - List the similarities and differences among the...Ch. 4 - Assuming that you had the necessary materials to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 31RQCh. 4 - While in a chemistry lab, Jim accidentally spills...Ch. 4 - Connective tissues are made up of specialized...Ch. 4 - Do you think this genetic syndrome affects just...
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