To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1TF

a)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

a)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The flow of control in programming refers to the order or the sequence in which the function calls, instructions and statements are executed by the compiler. There are two types of programming - procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.

In procedural programming, the flow of control is same as the sequence in which the instructions and statements are written.

But in an object-oriented programming language, the flow of control differs due to function calls.

Conclusion:

Hence, in object-oriented programming paradigm also, the flow of control indicates the order in which statements execute in a program.

b)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

b)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The equality operator in C++ comprises of two equal symbols, that is, ==. The equality operator is used together with if statement in order to verify whether the values of two variables are equal or not.

The single equal symbol, =, is called the assignment operator which is used to assign values to variables.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

c)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

c)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

When an if statement is written, the expression is written inside a pair of round brackets that does not ends with a semicolon. Whereas if the semicolon is placed after the expression in the if statement, it will not generate an expected result. Ending an if statement with a semicolon means ending the condition. It will check the condition but will end it in the same line and the logic will not be applied to the further statements.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(d)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

(d)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

An if statement should have a corresponding else or not is decided by the requirements of the program. If the program requires, then every if statement will have a corresponding else statement. Otherwise, if the program does not require, the if statement will not have a corresponding else part.

Whether an if statement will have a corresponding else part or not, is only decided by the program requirements and is not mandatory. A program will execute properly if only an if statement is written.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(e)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(e)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression in the if statement:

if(score=30)

grade = ‘A’;

Explanation:

The expression inside the if statement assigns the variable score with a value of 30. The assignment statement is always True. Hence, in all the scenarios, the if statement will always evaluate to True and the grade variable will be assigned value ‘A’.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(f)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(f)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression:

if(ch>=’A’ && ch<=’Z’)

Explanation:

The given if statement contains two conditions that are combined by “&&” operator. That is, when both the conditions are satisfied only then the if statement will evaluate to True.

For input ch<’A’, the first condition is not satisfied hence the if statement evaluates to False.

For input ch>=’Z’, both the conditions are satisfied only and only if ch=’Z’ but not for ch>’Z’.

Thus, for either of the inputs, the if statement evaluates to False.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

g)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

g)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The given code is as follows.

cin >> num;
if(num > 5)
  cout << num;
  num=0;
else
  cout << “Num is zero” << endl;

Explanation:

In the given code, the if statement will be executed only when the input is greater than 5, otherwise the else statement will be executed.

The input for the given code is 5. Since the input is not greater than 5, the if statement will not be executed.

Here, for the input of 5, the else statement will be executed, and the output will be “Num is zero”.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(h)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(h)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The result of a logical expression is either True or False. That is, a logical expression will always give a Boolean result.

A Boolean value can only be assigned to a Boolean variable but not to an int variable.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(i)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(i)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The given expression is a combination of two statements. The first statement is x>0 which checks if the value of x is greater than 0. The second statement is “!” which inverts the result of the expression, x>0. It means that the “!” operator makes the expression as x<0.

Hence, the expression, x<0, can only be true for negative numbers.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(j)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(j)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are three logical operators. They are “&&”or AND operator, “||” or OR operator, and “!” or NOT operator.

The “!” operator is a logical operator.

The “!=” operator is an equality operator since it checks if one value is not equal to another value.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(k)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(k)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are four types of simple data types. They are integer, float, string, and boolean.

The expression in the switch statement is usually a variable. A variable can have any one of the simple data types.

In some cases when the switch contains an expression, the result of the expression can only evaluate to a value of the simple data type.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1TF

a)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

a)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The flow of control in programming refers to the order or the sequence in which the function calls, instructions and statements are executed by the compiler. There are two types of programming - procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.

In procedural programming, the flow of control is same as the sequence in which the instructions and statements are written.

But in an object-oriented programming language, the flow of control differs due to function calls.

Conclusion:

Hence, in object-oriented programming paradigm also, the flow of control indicates the order in which statements execute in a program.

b)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

b)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The equality operator in C++ comprises of two equal symbols, that is, ==. The equality operator is used together with if statement in order to verify whether the values of two variables are equal or not.

The single equal symbol, =, is called the assignment operator which is used to assign values to variables.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

c)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

c)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

When an if statement is written, the expression is written inside a pair of round brackets that does not ends with a semicolon. Whereas if the semicolon is placed after the expression in the if statement, it will not generate an expected result. Ending an if statement with a semicolon means ending the condition. It will check the condition but will end it in the same line and the logic will not be applied to the further statements.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(d)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

(d)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

An if statement should have a corresponding else or not is decided by the requirements of the program. If the program requires, then every if statement will have a corresponding else statement. Otherwise, if the program does not require, the if statement will not have a corresponding else part.

Whether an if statement will have a corresponding else part or not, is only decided by the program requirements and is not mandatory. A program will execute properly if only an if statement is written.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(e)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(e)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression in the if statement:

if(score=30)

grade = ‘A’;

Explanation:

The expression inside the if statement assigns the variable score with a value of 30. The assignment statement is always True. Hence, in all the scenarios, the if statement will always evaluate to True and the grade variable will be assigned value ‘A’.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(f)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(f)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression:

if(ch>=’A’ && ch<=’Z’)

Explanation:

The given if statement contains two conditions that are combined by “&&” operator. That is, when both the conditions are satisfied only then the if statement will evaluate to True.

For input ch<’A’, the first condition is not satisfied hence the if statement evaluates to False.

For input ch>=’Z’, both the conditions are satisfied only and only if ch=’Z’ but not for ch>’Z’.

Thus, for either of the inputs, the if statement evaluates to False.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

g)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

g)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The given code is as follows.

cin >> num;
if(num > 5)
  cout << num;
  num=0;
else
  cout << “Num is zero” << endl;

Explanation:

In the given code, the if statement will be executed only when the input is greater than 5, otherwise the else statement will be executed.

The input for the given code is 5. Since the input is not greater than 5, the if statement will not be executed.

Here, for the input of 5, the else statement will be executed, and the output will be “Num is zero”.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(h)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(h)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The result of a logical expression is either True or False. That is, a logical expression will always give a Boolean result.

A Boolean value can only be assigned to a Boolean variable but not to an int variable.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(i)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(i)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The given expression is a combination of two statements. The first statement is x>0 which checks if the value of x is greater than 0. The second statement is “!” which inverts the result of the expression, x>0. It means that the “!” operator makes the expression as x<0.

Hence, the expression, x<0, can only be true for negative numbers.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(j)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(j)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are three logical operators. They are “&&”or AND operator, “||” or OR operator, and “!” or NOT operator.

The “!” operator is a logical operator.

The “!=” operator is an equality operator since it checks if one value is not equal to another value.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(k)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(k)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are four types of simple data types. They are integer, float, string, and boolean.

The expression in the switch statement is usually a variable. A variable can have any one of the simple data types.

In some cases when the switch contains an expression, the result of the expression can only evaluate to a value of the simple data type.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1TF

a)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

a)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The flow of control in programming refers to the order or the sequence in which the function calls, instructions and statements are executed by the compiler. There are two types of programming - procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.

In procedural programming, the flow of control is same as the sequence in which the instructions and statements are written.

But in an object-oriented programming language, the flow of control differs due to function calls.

Conclusion:

Hence, in object-oriented programming paradigm also, the flow of control indicates the order in which statements execute in a program.

b)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

b)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The equality operator in C++ comprises of two equal symbols, that is, ==. The equality operator is used together with if statement in order to verify whether the values of two variables are equal or not.

The single equal symbol, =, is called the assignment operator which is used to assign values to variables.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

c)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

c)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

When an if statement is written, the expression is written inside a pair of round brackets that does not ends with a semicolon. Whereas if the semicolon is placed after the expression in the if statement, it will not generate an expected result. Ending an if statement with a semicolon means ending the condition. It will check the condition but will end it in the same line and the logic will not be applied to the further statements.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(d)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

(d)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

An if statement should have a corresponding else or not is decided by the requirements of the program. If the program requires, then every if statement will have a corresponding else statement. Otherwise, if the program does not require, the if statement will not have a corresponding else part.

Whether an if statement will have a corresponding else part or not, is only decided by the program requirements and is not mandatory. A program will execute properly if only an if statement is written.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(e)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(e)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression in the if statement:

if(score=30)

grade = ‘A’;

Explanation:

The expression inside the if statement assigns the variable score with a value of 30. The assignment statement is always True. Hence, in all the scenarios, the if statement will always evaluate to True and the grade variable will be assigned value ‘A’.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(f)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(f)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression:

if(ch>=’A’ && ch<=’Z’)

Explanation:

The given if statement contains two conditions that are combined by “&&” operator. That is, when both the conditions are satisfied only then the if statement will evaluate to True.

For input ch<’A’, the first condition is not satisfied hence the if statement evaluates to False.

For input ch>=’Z’, both the conditions are satisfied only and only if ch=’Z’ but not for ch>’Z’.

Thus, for either of the inputs, the if statement evaluates to False.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

g)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

g)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The given code is as follows.

cin >> num;
if(num > 5)
  cout << num;
  num=0;
else
  cout << “Num is zero” << endl;

Explanation:

In the given code, the if statement will be executed only when the input is greater than 5, otherwise the else statement will be executed.

The input for the given code is 5. Since the input is not greater than 5, the if statement will not be executed.

Here, for the input of 5, the else statement will be executed, and the output will be “Num is zero”.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(h)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(h)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The result of a logical expression is either True or False. That is, a logical expression will always give a Boolean result.

A Boolean value can only be assigned to a Boolean variable but not to an int variable.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(i)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(i)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The given expression is a combination of two statements. The first statement is x>0 which checks if the value of x is greater than 0. The second statement is “!” which inverts the result of the expression, x>0. It means that the “!” operator makes the expression as x<0.

Hence, the expression, x<0, can only be true for negative numbers.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(j)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(j)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are three logical operators. They are “&&”or AND operator, “||” or OR operator, and “!” or NOT operator.

The “!” operator is a logical operator.

The “!=” operator is an equality operator since it checks if one value is not equal to another value.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(k)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(k)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are four types of simple data types. They are integer, float, string, and boolean.

The expression in the switch statement is usually a variable. A variable can have any one of the simple data types.

In some cases when the switch contains an expression, the result of the expression can only evaluate to a value of the simple data type.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 1TF

a)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

a)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The flow of control in programming refers to the order or the sequence in which the function calls, instructions and statements are executed by the compiler. There are two types of programming - procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.

In procedural programming, the flow of control is same as the sequence in which the instructions and statements are written.

But in an object-oriented programming language, the flow of control differs due to function calls.

Conclusion:

Hence, in object-oriented programming paradigm also, the flow of control indicates the order in which statements execute in a program.

b)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

b)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The equality operator in C++ comprises of two equal symbols, that is, ==. The equality operator is used together with if statement in order to verify whether the values of two variables are equal or not.

The single equal symbol, =, is called the assignment operator which is used to assign values to variables.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

c)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

c)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

When an if statement is written, the expression is written inside a pair of round brackets that does not ends with a semicolon. Whereas if the semicolon is placed after the expression in the if statement, it will not generate an expected result. Ending an if statement with a semicolon means ending the condition. It will check the condition but will end it in the same line and the logic will not be applied to the further statements.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(d)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

(d)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

An if statement should have a corresponding else or not is decided by the requirements of the program. If the program requires, then every if statement will have a corresponding else statement. Otherwise, if the program does not require, the if statement will not have a corresponding else part.

Whether an if statement will have a corresponding else part or not, is only decided by the program requirements and is not mandatory. A program will execute properly if only an if statement is written.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(e)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(e)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression in the if statement:

if(score=30)

grade = ‘A’;

Explanation:

The expression inside the if statement assigns the variable score with a value of 30. The assignment statement is always True. Hence, in all the scenarios, the if statement will always evaluate to True and the grade variable will be assigned value ‘A’.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(f)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(f)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression:

if(ch>=’A’ && ch<=’Z’)

Explanation:

The given if statement contains two conditions that are combined by “&&” operator. That is, when both the conditions are satisfied only then the if statement will evaluate to True.

For input ch<’A’, the first condition is not satisfied hence the if statement evaluates to False.

For input ch>=’Z’, both the conditions are satisfied only and only if ch=’Z’ but not for ch>’Z’.

Thus, for either of the inputs, the if statement evaluates to False.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

g)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

g)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The given code is as follows.

cin >> num;
if(num > 5)
  cout << num;
  num=0;
else
  cout << “Num is zero” << endl;

Explanation:

In the given code, the if statement will be executed only when the input is greater than 5, otherwise the else statement will be executed.

The input for the given code is 5. Since the input is not greater than 5, the if statement will not be executed.

Here, for the input of 5, the else statement will be executed, and the output will be “Num is zero”.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(h)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(h)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The result of a logical expression is either True or False. That is, a logical expression will always give a Boolean result.

A Boolean value can only be assigned to a Boolean variable but not to an int variable.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(i)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(i)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The given expression is a combination of two statements. The first statement is x>0 which checks if the value of x is greater than 0. The second statement is “!” which inverts the result of the expression, x>0. It means that the “!” operator makes the expression as x<0.

Hence, the expression, x<0, can only be true for negative numbers.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(j)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(j)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are three logical operators. They are “&&”or AND operator, “||” or OR operator, and “!” or NOT operator.

The “!” operator is a logical operator.

The “!=” operator is an equality operator since it checks if one value is not equal to another value.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(k)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(k)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are four types of simple data types. They are integer, float, string, and boolean.

The expression in the switch statement is usually a variable. A variable can have any one of the simple data types.

In some cases when the switch contains an expression, the result of the expression can only evaluate to a value of the simple data type.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 1TF

a)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

a)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The flow of control in programming refers to the order or the sequence in which the function calls, instructions and statements are executed by the compiler. There are two types of programming - procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.

In procedural programming, the flow of control is same as the sequence in which the instructions and statements are written.

But in an object-oriented programming language, the flow of control differs due to function calls.

Conclusion:

Hence, in object-oriented programming paradigm also, the flow of control indicates the order in which statements execute in a program.

b)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

b)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The equality operator in C++ comprises of two equal symbols, that is, ==. The equality operator is used together with if statement in order to verify whether the values of two variables are equal or not.

The single equal symbol, =, is called the assignment operator which is used to assign values to variables.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

c)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

c)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

When an if statement is written, the expression is written inside a pair of round brackets that does not ends with a semicolon. Whereas if the semicolon is placed after the expression in the if statement, it will not generate an expected result. Ending an if statement with a semicolon means ending the condition. It will check the condition but will end it in the same line and the logic will not be applied to the further statements.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(d)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

(d)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

An if statement should have a corresponding else or not is decided by the requirements of the program. If the program requires, then every if statement will have a corresponding else statement. Otherwise, if the program does not require, the if statement will not have a corresponding else part.

Whether an if statement will have a corresponding else part or not, is only decided by the program requirements and is not mandatory. A program will execute properly if only an if statement is written.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(e)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(e)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression in the if statement:

if(score=30)

grade = ‘A’;

Explanation:

The expression inside the if statement assigns the variable score with a value of 30. The assignment statement is always True. Hence, in all the scenarios, the if statement will always evaluate to True and the grade variable will be assigned value ‘A’.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(f)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(f)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression:

if(ch>=’A’ && ch<=’Z’)

Explanation:

The given if statement contains two conditions that are combined by “&&” operator. That is, when both the conditions are satisfied only then the if statement will evaluate to True.

For input ch<’A’, the first condition is not satisfied hence the if statement evaluates to False.

For input ch>=’Z’, both the conditions are satisfied only and only if ch=’Z’ but not for ch>’Z’.

Thus, for either of the inputs, the if statement evaluates to False.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

g)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

g)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The given code is as follows.

cin >> num;
if(num > 5)
  cout << num;
  num=0;
else
  cout << “Num is zero” << endl;

Explanation:

In the given code, the if statement will be executed only when the input is greater than 5, otherwise the else statement will be executed.

The input for the given code is 5. Since the input is not greater than 5, the if statement will not be executed.

Here, for the input of 5, the else statement will be executed, and the output will be “Num is zero”.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(h)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(h)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The result of a logical expression is either True or False. That is, a logical expression will always give a Boolean result.

A Boolean value can only be assigned to a Boolean variable but not to an int variable.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

(i)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(i)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The given expression is a combination of two statements. The first statement is x>0 which checks if the value of x is greater than 0. The second statement is “!” which inverts the result of the expression, x>0. It means that the “!” operator makes the expression as x<0.

Hence, the expression, x<0, can only be true for negative numbers.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

(j)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(j)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are three logical operators. They are “&&”or AND operator, “||” or OR operator, and “!” or NOT operator.

The “!” operator is a logical operator.

The “!=” operator is an equality operator since it checks if one value is not equal to another value.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

(k)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(k)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are four types of simple data types. They are integer, float, string, and boolean.

The expression in the switch statement is usually a variable. A variable can have any one of the simple data types.

In some cases when the switch contains an expression, the result of the expression can only evaluate to a value of the simple data type.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 1TF

a)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

a)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The flow of control in programming refers to the order or the sequence in which the function calls, instructions and statements are executed by the compiler. There are two types of programming - procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.

In procedural programming, the flow of control is same as the sequence in which the instructions and statements are written.

But in an object-oriented programming language, the flow of control differs due to function calls.

Conclusion:

Hence, in object-oriented programming paradigm also, the flow of control indicates the order in which statements execute in a program.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 1TF

a)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 8

a)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Answer 9

a)

Expert Solution

Answer 10

a)

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The flow of control in programming refers to the order or the sequence in which the function calls, instructions and statements are executed by the compiler. There are two types of programming - procedural and object-oriented programming paradigms.

In procedural programming, the flow of control is same as the sequence in which the instructions and statements are written.

But in an object-oriented programming language, the flow of control differs due to function calls.

Conclusion:

Hence, in object-oriented programming paradigm also, the flow of control indicates the order in which statements execute in a program.

Answer 13

b)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

b)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The equality operator in C++ comprises of two equal symbols, that is, ==. The equality operator is used together with if statement in order to verify whether the values of two variables are equal or not.

The single equal symbol, =, is called the assignment operator which is used to assign values to variables.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 14

b)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

Answer 15

b)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Answer 16

b)

Expert Solution

Answer 17

b)

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The equality operator in C++ comprises of two equal symbols, that is, ==. The equality operator is used together with if statement in order to verify whether the values of two variables are equal or not.

The single equal symbol, =, is called the assignment operator which is used to assign values to variables.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 20

c)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

c)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

When an if statement is written, the expression is written inside a pair of round brackets that does not ends with a semicolon. Whereas if the semicolon is placed after the expression in the if statement, it will not generate an expected result. Ending an if statement with a semicolon means ending the condition. It will check the condition but will end it in the same line and the logic will not be applied to the further statements.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 21

c)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

Answer 22

c)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Answer 23

c)

Expert Solution

Answer 24

c)

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

When an if statement is written, the expression is written inside a pair of round brackets that does not ends with a semicolon. Whereas if the semicolon is placed after the expression in the if statement, it will not generate an expected result. Ending an if statement with a semicolon means ending the condition. It will check the condition but will end it in the same line and the logic will not be applied to the further statements.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 27

(d)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

(d)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

An if statement should have a corresponding else or not is decided by the requirements of the program. If the program requires, then every if statement will have a corresponding else statement. Otherwise, if the program does not require, the if statement will not have a corresponding else part.

Whether an if statement will have a corresponding else part or not, is only decided by the program requirements and is not mandatory. A program will execute properly if only an if statement is written.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 28

(d)

Program Plan Intro

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

Answer 29

(d)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Answer 30

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 31

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

An if statement should have a corresponding else or not is decided by the requirements of the program. If the program requires, then every if statement will have a corresponding else statement. Otherwise, if the program does not require, the if statement will not have a corresponding else part.

Whether an if statement will have a corresponding else part or not, is only decided by the program requirements and is not mandatory. A program will execute properly if only an if statement is written.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 34

(e)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(e)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression in the if statement:

if(score=30)

grade = ‘A’;

Explanation:

The expression inside the if statement assigns the variable score with a value of 30. The assignment statement is always True. Hence, in all the scenarios, the if statement will always evaluate to True and the grade variable will be assigned value ‘A’.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

Answer 35

(e)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 36

(e)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Answer 37

(e)

Expert Solution

Answer 38

(e)

Expert Solution

Answer 39

Expert Solution

Answer 40

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression in the if statement:

if(score=30)

grade = ‘A’;

Explanation:

The expression inside the if statement assigns the variable score with a value of 30. The assignment statement is always True. Hence, in all the scenarios, the if statement will always evaluate to True and the grade variable will be assigned value ‘A’.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

Answer 41

(f)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(f)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression:

if(ch>=’A’ && ch<=’Z’)

Explanation:

The given if statement contains two conditions that are combined by “&&” operator. That is, when both the conditions are satisfied only then the if statement will evaluate to True.

For input ch<’A’, the first condition is not satisfied hence the if statement evaluates to False.

For input ch>=’Z’, both the conditions are satisfied only and only if ch=’Z’ but not for ch>’Z’.

Thus, for either of the inputs, the if statement evaluates to False.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 42

(f)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 43

(f)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Answer 44

(f)

Expert Solution

Answer 45

(f)

Expert Solution

Answer 46

Expert Solution

Answer 47

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The expression:

if(ch>=’A’ && ch<=’Z’)

Explanation:

The given if statement contains two conditions that are combined by “&&” operator. That is, when both the conditions are satisfied only then the if statement will evaluate to True.

For input ch<’A’, the first condition is not satisfied hence the if statement evaluates to False.

For input ch>=’Z’, both the conditions are satisfied only and only if ch=’Z’ but not for ch>’Z’.

Thus, for either of the inputs, the if statement evaluates to False.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 48

g)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

g)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The given code is as follows.

cin >> num;
if(num > 5)
  cout << num;
  num=0;
else
  cout << “Num is zero” << endl;

Explanation:

In the given code, the if statement will be executed only when the input is greater than 5, otherwise the else statement will be executed.

The input for the given code is 5. Since the input is not greater than 5, the if statement will not be executed.

Here, for the input of 5, the else statement will be executed, and the output will be “Num is zero”.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 49

g)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 50

g)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Answer 51

g)

Expert Solution

Answer 52

g)

Expert Solution

Answer 53

Expert Solution

Answer 54

Explanation of Solution

Given statement:

The given code is as follows.

cin >> num;
if(num > 5)
  cout << num;
  num=0;
else
  cout << “Num is zero” << endl;

Explanation:

In the given code, the if statement will be executed only when the input is greater than 5, otherwise the else statement will be executed.

The input for the given code is 5. Since the input is not greater than 5, the if statement will not be executed.

Here, for the input of 5, the else statement will be executed, and the output will be “Num is zero”.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 55

(h)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(h)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The result of a logical expression is either True or False. That is, a logical expression will always give a Boolean result.

A Boolean value can only be assigned to a Boolean variable but not to an int variable.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 56

(h)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 57

(h)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Answer 58

(h)

Expert Solution

Answer 59

(h)

Expert Solution

Answer 60

Expert Solution

Answer 61

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The result of a logical expression is either True or False. That is, a logical expression will always give a Boolean result.

A Boolean value can only be assigned to a Boolean variable but not to an int variable.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 62

(i)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(i)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The given expression is a combination of two statements. The first statement is x>0 which checks if the value of x is greater than 0. The second statement is “!” which inverts the result of the expression, x>0. It means that the “!” operator makes the expression as x<0.

Hence, the expression, x<0, can only be true for negative numbers.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

Answer 63

(i)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 64

(i)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Answer 65

(i)

Expert Solution

Answer 66

(i)

Expert Solution

Answer 67

Expert Solution

Answer 68

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

The given expression is a combination of two statements. The first statement is x>0 which checks if the value of x is greater than 0. The second statement is “!” which inverts the result of the expression, x>0. It means that the “!” operator makes the expression as x<0.

Hence, the expression, x<0, can only be true for negative numbers.

Conclusion:

Thus, the given statement is True.

Answer 69

(j)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(j)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are three logical operators. They are “&&”or AND operator, “||” or OR operator, and “!” or NOT operator.

The “!” operator is a logical operator.

The “!=” operator is an equality operator since it checks if one value is not equal to another value.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 70

(j)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 71

(j)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is False.

Answer 72

(j)

Expert Solution

Answer 73

(j)

Expert Solution

Answer 74

Expert Solution

Answer 75

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are three logical operators. They are “&&”or AND operator, “||” or OR operator, and “!” or NOT operator.

The “!” operator is a logical operator.

The “!=” operator is an equality operator since it checks if one value is not equal to another value.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is False.

Answer 76

(k)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

(k)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are four types of simple data types. They are integer, float, string, and boolean.

The expression in the switch statement is usually a variable. A variable can have any one of the simple data types.

In some cases when the switch contains an expression, the result of the expression can only evaluate to a value of the simple data type.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 77

(k)

Program Plan Intro

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Answer 78

(k)

Expert Solution

Program Description Answer

The given statement is True.

Answer 79

(k)

Expert Solution

Answer 80

(k)

Expert Solution

Answer 81

Expert Solution

Answer 82

Explanation of Solution

Explanation:

In C++, there are four types of simple data types. They are integer, float, string, and boolean.

The expression in the switch statement is usually a variable. A variable can have any one of the simple data types.

In some cases when the switch contains an expression, the result of the expression can only evaluate to a value of the simple data type.

Conclusion:

Hence, the given statement is True.

Answer 83

Ch. 4 - Prob. 1TF Ch. 4 - Prob. 6SA Ch. 4 - Prob. 12SA Ch. 4 - Write a program that prompts the user to input a...Ch. 4 - Write a program that prompts the user to output an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4PE Ch. 4 - In a right triangle, the square of the length of...Ch. 4 - Write a program that mimics a calculator. The...Ch. 4 - Redo Exercise 8 to handle floating-point numbers....Ch. 4 - The number of lines that can be printed on a paper...

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove that the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

To prove whether the given statement is true or false.

Explanation of Solution

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