Chapter 4, Problem 1RQ

Program Plan Intro

Information Systems:

• An information system is a system, which provides the necessary information to an organization to achieve goals.
• It monitors the transactions details, provides the required information to decision makers, and provides necessary documents to the customers.
• The main components in information system include people, data, procedures, hardware, and software.
• The main function of information system is to accept and process the input data, and then store the retrieved information and distributes it across the organization.

Explanation of Solution

Connection between ethical, social and political issues:

• The three concepts are closely connected to each other because an ethical dilemma is connected to a political or social issue.
• Ethics states about the principles of right and wrong which individual practices to lead their activities.
  • Ethical issues challenge peoples to select a progress of action, frequently in a condition in which two or more moral ethics are in clash.
• Social issues create expectations in persons about the right way of action and these follows from an ethical issue because individuals act in a social environment creates a social issue.
• Political issues are treated by laws to create conditions for the persons to behave properly. The social environment issue is ends with political environment.

For example, a new technology can retrieve private data of an individual person easier. This will create an ethical issue for the potential user of that data. Society will join and demand new laws to control that use of data.

Explanation of Solution

Trends that enhance ethical issues:

• Computing power doubles every 18 months
• Cost of data storage is rapidly weakening
• Data analysis advances
• Networking advances and the Internet
• Growth of mobile device

The technological trends that creates ethical issues are as follows:

• Increasing computing power, data storage, networking and internet can expand the reach of individual and organizational activities and enlarge their impacts.
• The information is easily transferred, copied and operated in online environments are stimulating traditional rules of right and wrong conduct.

Explanation of Solution

Difference between responsibility, accountability and liability:

Responsibility	Accountability	Liability
Ethical action that accept possible costs, responsibilities and commitments for the user decisions.	An information systems or social organization that permits the purpose of responsible.	Liability is an extend concept of responsibility.
Responsibility can be shared and hold with a person before or after a task.	Accountability cannot be shared and hold with a person only after a task is completed or not completed.	Individual or an organization should be encouraged to create their own backup devices to cover the system failures easily.
Responsibility means being the owner or in charge of a task.	Accountability means liability, answerability, blameworthiness and the belief of task giving.	Political systems that allows individuals to recover the faults by responding the individuals or organization.