Exercises 12-17 develop properties of rank that are sometimes needed in applications. Assume the matrix A is m × n.
17. A submatrix of a matrix A is any matrix that results from deleting some (or no) rows and/or columns of A. It can be shown that A has rank r if and only if A contains an invertible r × r submatrix and no larger square submatrix is invertible. Demonstrate part of this statement by explaining (a) why an m × m matrix A of rank r has an m × r submatrix A1 of rank r, and (b) why A1 has an invertible r × r submatrix A2.
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