Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 39.4, Problem 1MI
How do the neurological effects of botulinum toxin differ from those of tetanus toxin?
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You aim to test the hypothesis that the Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes inhibit each other's expression during limb development. With access to chicken embryos and viruses capable of overexpressing Tbx4 and Tbx5, describe an experiment to investigate whether these genes suppress each other's expression in the limb buds. What results would you expect if they do repress each other? What results would you expect if they do not repress each other?
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Briefly describe the expected expression domains of 1) Shh, 2) Tbx4, and 3) Tbx5 in the resulting ectopic limb bud.
Chapter 39 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 39.1 - What organisms serve as the environmental...Ch. 39.1 - How is the M protein also thought to be involved...Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 3MICh. 39.1 - Why do you think chlamydiae differentiate into...Ch. 39.1 - Compare and contrast the means by which people...Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.1 - What are the three major causes of meningitis? Why...Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 5CCCh. 39.1 - How do multidrug-resistant strains of tuberculosis...Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 7CC
Ch. 39.1 - What is the mechanism by which PTx kills host...Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 9CCCh. 39.1 - Prob. 10CCCh. 39.2 - What are the three stages of Lyme disease? What...Ch. 39.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 39.3 - What are the chief differences between tuberculoid...Ch. 39.3 - How does H. pylori increase the local pH in its...Ch. 39.3 - Prob. 3MICh. 39.3 - Prob. 4MICh. 39.3 - Prob. 5MICh. 39.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.3 - Why do you think the slow growth rate of M. leprae...Ch. 39.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 5CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 6CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 39.3 - What is the difference between S. aureus and MRSA?Ch. 39.3 - Prob. 9CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 10CCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 11CCCh. 39.4 - How do the neurological effects of botulinum toxin...Ch. 39.4 - To which E. coli class does the strain 0157:H7...Ch. 39.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.4 - Compare the gastroenteritis caused by Vibrio...Ch. 39.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 39.4 - Prob. 5CCCh. 39.4 - Prob. 6CCCh. 39.4 - Prob. 7CCCh. 39.5 - Prob. 1MICh. 39.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 39.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 39.5 - How is ornithosis transmitted?Ch. 39.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 39.6 - What cells and tissues make up the pseudomembrane?Ch. 39.6 - Prob. 2MICh. 39.6 - In both C. difficileassociated disease and...Ch. 39.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 39.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 39.6 - Prob. 4CCCh. 39 - Prob. 1RCCh. 39 - Prob. 2RCCh. 39 - Prob. 3RCCh. 39 - Prob. 4RCCh. 39 - Prob. 5RCCh. 39 - Prob. 1ALCh. 39 - Prob. 2ALCh. 39 - Prob. 3ALCh. 39 - Prob. 4ALCh. 39 - Prob. 5ALCh. 39 - Prob. 6AL
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- A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation? The cell membranes are more resistant than normal. An isotonic solution had been added instead of water. A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water. Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet. The man had sickle-cell anaemia.arrow_forwardWith reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forwardWith reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forward
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