Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321833143
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 38.2, Problem 3CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason why selfing is an advantageous procedure and yet an evolutionary dead end.
Concept introduction: Self-pollination is the pollination of a flower (in flowering plants) by a pollen grain from same or other flower on same plant. Selfing is an “evolutionary dead-end” because it causes loss of genetic diversity and seldom introduces new characters.
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Self-fertilization, or selfing, seems to have obvious disadvantages as a reproductive “strategy” in nature, and ithas even been called an “evolutionary dead end.” So it issurprising that about 20% of angiosperm species primarily rely on selfing. Suggest a reason why selfing might beadvantageous and yet still be an evolutionary dead end.
Most of the approximately 900 species of gymnosperms are conebearing plants. On the surfaces of their cone scales are ovules, which later become seeds. These ovules are said to be naked because they are not completely enclosed by diploid tissue (as the ovules of angiosperms are). This characteristic gives the gymnosperms their name; gymnos is a Greek word meaning naked, and sperma means seed. Botanists now divide the gymnosperms into four groups: conifers, cycads, ginkgos, and gnetophytes.
Angiosperms are the most diverse group of plants on the planet, by far. However, using flowers for reproduction does have potential disadvantages. Briefly describe two possible challenges (e.g., problems, risks, costs, etc.) that might be associated with using flowers as a reproductive strategy.
Chapter 38 Solutions
Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 38.1 - Distinguish between pollination and fertilization.Ch. 38.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 38.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 38.2 - What are three ways that flowering plants avoid...Ch. 38.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 38.3 - Compare traditional plant-breeding methods with...Ch. 38.3 - Why does Bt maize have less fumonisin than non-GM...Ch. 38.3 - WHAT IF? In a few species, chloroplast genes are...
Ch. 38 - What changes occur to the four types of floral...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.2CRCh. 38 - Prob. 38.3CRCh. 38 - A fruit is (A) a mature ovary. (B) a mature ovule....Ch. 38 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 38 - A small flower with green petals is most likely...Ch. 38 - The black dots that cover strawberries are...Ch. 38 - DRAW IT Draw and label the parts of a flower.Ch. 38 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 38 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Humans have...Ch. 38 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 38 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Which statement below is correct regarding the formation of the endosperm in angiosperms? O the endosperm is formed from the female gametophyte and is haploid O a single sperm nucleus fertilizes the egg nucleus to become the diploid zygote O a sperm nucleus forms both the zygote and the endosperm through double fertilization O a second sperm nucleus fuses with the two polar nuclei of the egg sac МacВook Pro G Search or type URL @ 2# $ & * 2 3 4 6 8 W E R Yarrow_forwardThe best answer describing angiosperm fertilization is: O a single sperm fertilizes an egg a single sperm fertilizes the antipodal cells O a single sperm fuses with the two polar nuclei one sperm fertilizes the egg, one fuses with the two polar nuclei to create 3N tissue one sperm fertilizes the egg, one fuses with the antipodal cells to create 3N tissuearrow_forwardThere are the two main characteristics specific to members of angiosperm and attributed as the reason for their success and diversity. What are they and explain how each contributes to the success of this group of plantsarrow_forward
- Explain, the differences between plant generations, include: 1) how can you tell which is dominant 2) gametophyte vs sporophyte 3) haploid vs diploid 4) examples from both gymnosperms and angiospermsarrow_forwardPlease answer question 1arrow_forwardWhich of the following traits characterizes gymnosperms? a. The plants carry exposed seeds on modified leaves. b. Reproductive structures are located in a flower. c. After fertilization, the ovary thickens and forms a fruit. d. The gametophyte is longest phase of the life cycle.arrow_forward
- In flowers, the structures that produce male gametophytes are called _______ ;the strcutures that produce female gametophytes are called _______ . a. pollen grains; flowers c. anthers; stigma b. stamen; carpels d. megaspores; microsporesarrow_forwardMost extant species of gymnosperms are now considered as "living fossils", why is that so? Give some insights on why gymnosperms were not able to dominate land despite of having seeds.arrow_forwardAngiosperms ( flower bearing ) plants developed after gymnosperms ( cone bearing ) plants during the Mesozoic era Which of the following is a benefit to plants developing the ability to have flowers over cones ? ANSWER CHOICES ARE IN THE PHOTO. thanks.arrow_forward
- The Cretaceous Period was marked by the increase in number and variety of angiosperms. Insects also diversified enormously during the same period. Can you propose the reason or reasons that could foster coevolution?arrow_forwardPlants and animals originated in water environments and, much later, plants invaded the land and later still, animals invaded the land. a) With respect to the four groups of plants (Bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms), give the basic method of fertilization. That is, how do the sperm reach the eggs? b) What is the significance of the fertilization methods to the invasion of the land by the Gymnosperms and Angiosperms?arrow_forwardMost flowers contain both male and female reproductive structures, in contrast to the cones of gymnosperms, which are either male or female. Explain how bisexual flowers might be an advantageous evolutionaryadaptation to the flowering plants that possess them.arrow_forward
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