Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 37, Problem 8CHI
Summary Introduction
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a group of Gram-positive bacteria that cause various difficult to cure diseases in humans. MRSA strains are resistant to broad-spectrum antibiotics like penicillin derivatives for example, oxacillin and methicillin, and cephems. MRSA strain has developed through natural selection, horizontal gene transfer, and multiple drug resistance to beta-lactam antibotics. Likewise, isolates of Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), USA300, is considered as rapidly developing resistant strain causing epidemic in U.S.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Scientists at the SEA Phages lab were asked to find a phage that might infect a strain of M. abscessus that is infecting a young patient. Because the scientists did not have any phages known to infect M. abscessus, they first tested M. smeg phages that are also known to infect M. tuberculosis to
see if they could infect this specific strain of M. abscessus. Why did they start with those phages? Select the best answer.
O Phages that infect M. tuberculosis will also infect M. abscessus
O The phages have already been FDA approved for use in phage therapy
O Phages that infect two different hosts have a broader host range and are more likely to be able to infect a third host (such as M. abcessus)
O The phages are lytic, which makes them good candidates for phage therapy
O More information is known about the genomes of these phages than other phages
Consider the five E. coli merodiploid strains listed here.
Strain #1 I+P+O+Z-Y+/I+P+OcZ+Y+
Strain #2 I+P+O+Z+Y+/I-P+OcZ+Y-
Strain #3 I+P+O+Z-Y+/I-P+OcZ+Y-
Strain #4 I-P-O+Z+Y-/I+P+OcZ-Y+
Strain #5: ISP+O+Z+Y+/I-P+O+Z+Y-
Which of these strains will express b-galactosidase constitutively? Select all correct answers.
A.)Strain #5
B.)Strain #1
C.)Strain #4
D.)Strain #2
E.)Strain #3
Griffith's Experiments using Streptococcus pneumonia rough and smooth strains concluded which of the following?
a) DNA is the Molecule of Inheritance
b) Some, yet unknown, factor of inheritance could be transferred from one bacteria to another.
c) Protein if the Molecule of Inheritance
d) Heat treating bacteria has NO effect on its virulence
Chapter 37 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 37.2 - How might biased data collection impact the public...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 1RIACh. 37.2 - Prob. 2RIACh. 37.2 - Prob. 3RIACh. 37.2 - Prob. 4RIACh. 37.2 - Prob. 5RIACh. 37.3 - Prob. 1MICh. 37.3 - Prob. 2MICh. 37.3 - Prob. 1RIACh. 37.3 - Prob. 2RIA
Ch. 37.3 - Prob. 3RIACh. 37.3 - Prob. 4RIACh. 37.4 - Prob. 1RIACh. 37.4 - What are some of the factors in your community...Ch. 37.4 - Prob. 3RIACh. 37.5 - Describe a health-careassociated infection, and...Ch. 37.5 - Prob. 2RIACh. 37.5 - Prob. 3RIACh. 37.7 - Prob. 1RIACh. 37.7 - Prob. 2RIACh. 37.7 - Prob. 3RIACh. 37.7 - What is the Public Health Security and...Ch. 37 - Why is international cooperation a necessity in...Ch. 37 - What common sources of infectious disease are...Ch. 37 - Prob. 3CHICh. 37 - How can changes in herd immunity contribute to an...Ch. 37 - College dormitories are notorious for outbreaks of...Ch. 37 - Prob. 6CHICh. 37 - Prob. 7CHICh. 37 - Prob. 8CHI
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Type S Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium is lethal and will kill its host. If heat inactivated the S strain dies and becomes nonlethal. Type R Streptococcus pneumoniae is a nonvirulent strain of bacteria. What would occur if one were to inject both the R strain and heat-killed S strains into a host organism such as the mouse? The R strain would be transformed into the virulent S strain and kill the host. Neither the S nor the R strain would change. The R strain would be transformed into the virulent S strain and not affect the host. The S strain would be transformed into the nonvirulent R strain and not affect the host The S strain would be transformed into the nonvirulent R strain and kill the host.arrow_forwardEscherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacterium normally found in the human gut. It is harmless and may actually be beneficial to the human digestive system. There is a pathogenic strain of E. coli that produces a toxin that can kill its human host. The two strains look very similar under the microscope. Comparison of their genomes reveals that the pathogenic strain lacks 528 genes found in the normal strain and has 1,387 genes not found in the not found in the normal strain. Are the normal and pathogenic strains of E.coli separate species? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardAssume you are studying the infection dynamics between a species of spider and a species of ringworm that infects the spider. You sequence the genomes of each species for 30 years and find that each of these species has evolved adaptations. Specifically, the spider has evolved immune system adaptations to remove the ringworm and the ringworm has evolved counter-adaptations to evade the spider's immune system. Surprisingly, you find that the ability of the ringworm to infect the spider has not changed over 30 years. The finding that infectiousness has not changed in 30 years would be in support of which of the following? a. The Red Queen Hypothesis b. Muller's Ratchet c. The Asexual Reproduction Benefit Hypothesis d. The Genetic Load Hypothesisarrow_forward
- Two mutations that affect plaque morphology in phages (a− and b −) have been isolated. Phages carrying both mutations (a− b−) are mixed with wild-type phages (a+ b+) and added to a culture of bacterial cells. Once the phages have infected and lysed the bacteria, samples of the phage lysate are collected and cultured on plated bacteria. The following numbers of plaques are observed: Plaque phenotype Number a+ b+ 2043 a+ b− 320 a− b+ 357 a− b− 2134 What is the frequency of recombination between the a and b genes?arrow_forwardYou have isolated a strain of E.coli that is resistant to penicillin,streptomycin,chloramphenicol and tetracycline. You also observe that when you mix this strain with a strain that is sensitive to all four antibiotics, the new strain becomes resistant to streptomycin,penicillin and chloramphenicol but not tetracycline. Explain how this is so?arrow_forwardA hypothetical gene for cephalosporin resistance is found to be carried by a transposon. Explain what a transposon is. Then explain how the cephalosporin resistance could be horizontally transferred between organisms by transformation, conjugation, and transduction. What steps/events would have to occur to allow the transposon to be transferred by each method. Also, explain how it could be transferred vertically between organisms.arrow_forward
- You are determined to produce an antiserum for the next pandemic that has hit the world. You have found a gene of interest in an animal in the rainforest which produces a unique protein that blocks the reproduction of the pathogen that now plagues the world. You wish to mass produce this protein using bacteria.arrow_forwardThe increased incidence of covid-19 cases is due to the delta variant which has been found primarily to be airborne. Viruses and other microorganisms are considered to be constituents of particulate air pollutants. The DENR-EMB requires engineering tools and techniques that would significantly reduce the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. Which of these tools and techniques would be the most appropriate for use in reducing particulate pollutants carrying covid-19 viruses? Why?arrow_forwardTwo mutations that affect plaque morphology in phages (a and b ) have been isolated. Phages carrying both mutations (a b) are mixed with wild-type phages (a* b*) and added to a culture of bacterial cells. Once the phages have infected and lysed the bacteria, samples of the phage lysate are collected and cultured on plated bacteria. The following numbers of plaques are observed: Plaque phenotype Number a* b* 2043 a* b- 320 a b* 357 2134 What is the frequency of recombination between the a and b genes?arrow_forward
- What are the two main phenomena responsible for the emergence of new strains of influenza A? Briefly describe how these events develop and contribute to emergence of new strains.arrow_forwardBacteria exposed to viruses incorporate sections of the virus’s DNA into the CRISPR array sequences in their genome. This mechanism allows bacteria to fight off the viruses, like an immune response: the information in CRISPR spacers served as “coordinates” for recognizing and cutting up invading DNA sequences. Describe what might happen under the conditions described after a bacteriophage infects a bacterial cell and releases its DNA into the bacterial cell. Explain why: 1. The invading phage DNA is recognized by the Cas proteins but not inserted into the CRISPR array region of the bacterial genome: The bacteria will be unable to elicit an immune response and will succumb to the phase infection 2. The cas genes on the bacterial genome contains a missense mutation that increases its cleavage/cut activityThe bacteria will elicit an immune response that will successfully fight the phage infectionarrow_forwardYour TA gives you an Escherichia coli strain (AmreB) that carries a gene deletion in the mreB gene. As a result, the strain is not able to produce the MreB protein. Your task is to compare the morphology of actively growing AmreB cells to the parental wildtype strain (produces MreB). What difference in morphology will you likely observe? Would you expect the same in Staphylococcus aureus?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education