Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 37, Problem 1SQ

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Antigens trigger immune responses. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct answer:

Antigens are molecule capable of inducing an immune response. The antigens such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) trigger the innate immunity. Innate immunity is a set of defensive mechanism that prevents the entry of pathogens in to our body. The activation of the innate immunity triggers the adaptive immunity.

Option d. is given as “Antigens”. As the antigens trigger immune responses option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “Cytokines”.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that coordinate the activities of the white blood cells. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “Lysozyme”.

Lysozome is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals as a part of innate immune system. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “Antibodies”.

Antibodies are produced in the body against the antigen. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “Histamines”.

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that plays a central role in allergic reactions. Therefore, option e. is incorrect.

Option f. is given as “all of the above”.

Cytokines, lysozyme, antibodies, histamines do not trigger immune responses. Therefore, option f. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., c., e., and f. are wrong answers.

Conclusion

Antigens are the molecules that have the capability to induce immune response.

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Genes at loci f, m, and w are linked, but their order is unknown. The F1 heterozygotes from a cross of FFMMWW x ffmmww are test crossed. The most frequent phenotypes in the test cross progeny will be FMW and fmw regardless of what the gene order turns out to be. What classes of testcross progeny (phenotypes) would be least frequent if locus m is in the middle? What classes would be least frequent if locus f is in the middle? What classes would be least frequent if locus w is in the middle?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 37, Problem 1SQ

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Antigens trigger immune responses. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct answer:

Antigens are molecule capable of inducing an immune response. The antigens such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) trigger the innate immunity. Innate immunity is a set of defensive mechanism that prevents the entry of pathogens in to our body. The activation of the innate immunity triggers the adaptive immunity.

Option d. is given as “Antigens”. As the antigens trigger immune responses option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “Cytokines”.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that coordinate the activities of the white blood cells. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “Lysozyme”.

Lysozome is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals as a part of innate immune system. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “Antibodies”.

Antibodies are produced in the body against the antigen. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “Histamines”.

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that plays a central role in allergic reactions. Therefore, option e. is incorrect.

Option f. is given as “all of the above”.

Cytokines, lysozyme, antibodies, histamines do not trigger immune responses. Therefore, option f. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., c., e., and f. are wrong answers.

Conclusion

Antigens are the molecules that have the capability to induce immune response.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 37, Problem 1SQ

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Antigens trigger immune responses. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct answer:

Antigens are molecule capable of inducing an immune response. The antigens such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) trigger the innate immunity. Innate immunity is a set of defensive mechanism that prevents the entry of pathogens in to our body. The activation of the innate immunity triggers the adaptive immunity.

Option d. is given as “Antigens”. As the antigens trigger immune responses option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “Cytokines”.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that coordinate the activities of the white blood cells. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “Lysozyme”.

Lysozome is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals as a part of innate immune system. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “Antibodies”.

Antibodies are produced in the body against the antigen. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “Histamines”.

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that plays a central role in allergic reactions. Therefore, option e. is incorrect.

Option f. is given as “all of the above”.

Cytokines, lysozyme, antibodies, histamines do not trigger immune responses. Therefore, option f. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., c., e., and f. are wrong answers.

Conclusion

Antigens are the molecules that have the capability to induce immune response.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 37, Problem 1SQ

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Antigens trigger immune responses. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct answer:

Antigens are molecule capable of inducing an immune response. The antigens such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) trigger the innate immunity. Innate immunity is a set of defensive mechanism that prevents the entry of pathogens in to our body. The activation of the innate immunity triggers the adaptive immunity.

Option d. is given as “Antigens”. As the antigens trigger immune responses option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “Cytokines”.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that coordinate the activities of the white blood cells. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “Lysozyme”.

Lysozome is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals as a part of innate immune system. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “Antibodies”.

Antibodies are produced in the body against the antigen. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “Histamines”.

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that plays a central role in allergic reactions. Therefore, option e. is incorrect.

Option f. is given as “all of the above”.

Cytokines, lysozyme, antibodies, histamines do not trigger immune responses. Therefore, option f. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., c., e., and f. are wrong answers.

Conclusion

Antigens are the molecules that have the capability to induce immune response.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 37, Problem 1SQ

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Antigens trigger immune responses. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct answer:

Antigens are molecule capable of inducing an immune response. The antigens such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) trigger the innate immunity. Innate immunity is a set of defensive mechanism that prevents the entry of pathogens in to our body. The activation of the innate immunity triggers the adaptive immunity.

Option d. is given as “Antigens”. As the antigens trigger immune responses option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “Cytokines”.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that coordinate the activities of the white blood cells. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “Lysozyme”.

Lysozome is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals as a part of innate immune system. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “Antibodies”.

Antibodies are produced in the body against the antigen. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “Histamines”.

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that plays a central role in allergic reactions. Therefore, option e. is incorrect.

Option f. is given as “all of the above”.

Cytokines, lysozyme, antibodies, histamines do not trigger immune responses. Therefore, option f. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., c., e., and f. are wrong answers.

Conclusion

Antigens are the molecules that have the capability to induce immune response.

Answer 6

Chapter 37, Problem 1SQ

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Antigens trigger immune responses. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct answer:

Antigens are molecule capable of inducing an immune response. The antigens such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) trigger the innate immunity. Innate immunity is a set of defensive mechanism that prevents the entry of pathogens in to our body. The activation of the innate immunity triggers the adaptive immunity.

Option d. is given as “Antigens”. As the antigens trigger immune responses option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “Cytokines”.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that coordinate the activities of the white blood cells. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “Lysozyme”.

Lysozome is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals as a part of innate immune system. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “Antibodies”.

Antibodies are produced in the body against the antigen. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “Histamines”.

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that plays a central role in allergic reactions. Therefore, option e. is incorrect.

Option f. is given as “all of the above”.

Cytokines, lysozyme, antibodies, histamines do not trigger immune responses. Therefore, option f. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., c., e., and f. are wrong answers.

Conclusion

Antigens are the molecules that have the capability to induce immune response.

Answer 7

Chapter 37, Problem 1SQ

Summary Introduction

Concept introduction: Antigens are targeted by antibodies. The antigen will interact with the antibody that matches the antigen’s molecular structure. Antigens are peptides, polysaccharides, or lipids. Antigens can be self-antigens that originate within the body or can be non-self-antigens that originate from the external environment.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1SQ

Correct answer: Antigens trigger immune responses. Therefore, option d. is correct.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct answer:

Antigens are molecule capable of inducing an immune response. The antigens such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) trigger the innate immunity. Innate immunity is a set of defensive mechanism that prevents the entry of pathogens in to our body. The activation of the innate immunity triggers the adaptive immunity.

Option d. is given as “Antigens”. As the antigens trigger immune responses option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as “Cytokines”.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that coordinate the activities of the white blood cells. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as “Lysozyme”.

Lysozome is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals as a part of innate immune system. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as “Antibodies”.

Antibodies are produced in the body against the antigen. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.

Option e. is given as “Histamines”.

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound that plays a central role in allergic reactions. Therefore, option e. is incorrect.

Option f. is given as “all of the above”.

Cytokines, lysozyme, antibodies, histamines do not trigger immune responses. Therefore, option f. is incorrect.

Hence, options a., b., c., e., and f. are wrong answers.

Answer 12

Conclusion

Antigens are the molecules that have the capability to induce immune response.

Answer 13

Ch. 37 - Prob. 1SQ Ch. 37 - Which of the following is not among the first line...Ch. 37 - Which of the following is not considered to be...Ch. 37 - Which of the following is not part of an adaptive...Ch. 37 - Activated complement proteins__________. a. form...Ch. 37 - Name a defining characteristic of innate immunity.Ch. 37 - Antibodies are_________. a. antigen receptors b....Ch. 37 - A dendritic cell engulfs a bacterium, then present...Ch. 37 - Antibody-mediated responses are most effective...Ch. 37 - Cell-mediated responses are most effective against...

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