Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 36, Problem 13TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The cohesive-tension hypothesis is a theory of intermolecular attraction. This explains the process of flow of water against the gravity force upward to the plants through the xylem. During night time, the water evaporating to the stomata creates a negative pressure or tension that pulls the water column up the plant.
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Which of the following statements is inaccurate?a. Water that evaporates from leaves is ultimately replaced by water diffusing from the xylem.b. Xylem transports water up the plant while phloem transports carbohydrates throughout the plant.c. Water movement in the xylem is largely due to the pressure-flow hypothesis.d. Water movement across membranes is often due to differences in solute concentrations.
Water movement through the xylem needs less pressure than movement through living cells.
A. Agree, because water moves in xylem through diffusion.
B. Disagree, because water needs turgor pressure in order to diffuse.
D. Disagree, beacuse both need equal pressure for materials to pass through xylem and living cells like sievetubes.
C. Agree, because water is non-living while photosynthates are living and must pass through living cells that require pressure.
What role do cohesion and adhesion play in xylem transport?a. Like transpiration, they create a tension.b. Like root pressure, they create a positive pressure.c. Like sugars, they cause water to enter xylem.d. They create a continuous water column in xylem.e. All of these are correct.
Chapter 36 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 36 - Prob. 1IQCh. 36 - a. A flaccid plant cell has a water potential of...Ch. 36 - Prob. 3IQCh. 36 - Prob. 4IQCh. 36 - Prob. 5IQCh. 36 - Prob. 6IQCh. 36 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 36 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 36 - If a plant has a phyllotaxy of alternate leaves...Ch. 36 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 36 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 36 - Your favorite houseplant is wilting. Which of the...Ch. 36 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 36 - Which of the following mechanisms explains the...Ch. 36 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 36 - Prob. 20TYK
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- According to the pressure-flow model, sugar is actively transported into phloem anda. enters xylem, where it is moved toward the leaves due to transpiration.b. creates pressure to move water toward the roots.c. is transported out of the leaves through stomata.d. water follows by osmosis, providing pressure that moves the water and sugar through the phloem.arrow_forwardWhen absorption of water by the roots fails to keep up with the rate of transpiration, gain in turgor occurs, and the stomata close. A. Agree, because the transpiration occurs faster than root absorption. D. Disagree, because the condition should be when root absorption is able to keep up with transpiration, then stomates close. B. Disagree, because under this condition, the turgor pressure decreases and the stomates close. C. Agree, because increase in turgor pressure under this condition, closes the stomates.arrow_forwardThe movement of water out of phloem sap and back into xylem vessels is often associated with which of the following events? active transport of water out of the phloem sap into a source а. b. passive diffusion of phloem sap into a source active transport of sugars out of the phloem sap into a sink C. hydrostatic push (pressure) forcing phloem sap into a sink Od.arrow_forward
- (3) a. b. The characteristics of water molecules to maintain a continuous column of water is: a. Root pressure b. Transpiration C. d. Forces Cohesion - Addison The reason for my answer is because : a. Releasing water as water vapors b. A pressure excreted by root through root system C. Releasing water from tips of leaves as liquid d. Interaction among water molecules and adsorption of water molecules to walls of xylem vesselsarrow_forwardThe formation of an air bubble in the xylem is called a. agitation. b. cohesion. c. adhesion. d. cavitation.arrow_forwardStomata can open and close in order to modulate the transpiration stream and allow for exchange of oxygen and CO2. Stomata OPEN by… Select one: a. Increasing their water potential (more +) through the uptake of K+ and Cl-. b. Guard cells losing water and becoming less turgid. c. None of the choices are true. d. Allowing for rapid movement of ions into the cell through plasmodesmata linking guard cells to neighboring cells. e. Recognizing environmental cues such as high CO2 within the leaf.arrow_forward
- Choose the statements that apply to transpiration in the cohesion-tension theory. (Check all that apply) Check All That Apply The H-bonds in water allow for cohesion. Water pressure builds in roots to drive water up the plant. Exposed water in leaves evaporates into drier air. Water forms a continuous stream from leaf into the root. In addition to water, heat is lost cooling the plant during transpiration.arrow_forwardWhich of the following forces make the movement of water through the xylem possible? * A. Cohesion and adhesion B. Transpiration C. Root pressure D. A and B E. A, B, and Carrow_forwardWhen considering the loading and unloading of photosynthate from the phloem, which of the following is FALSE? Select one: a. Apoplastic phloem unloading enables the import of sugars against their concentration gradient into sink tissue. b. In apoplastic loading, the solute potential of the companion cells is more negative than the apoplastic space nearby. c. In apoplastic loading, proton pumps create electrochemical gradients that can be used by symporter proteins to import sugars into the companion cell. d. All the statements are true. e. Symplastic loading relies on diffusion of the sugars through plasmodesmata from photosynthetic cells to the phloem cells.arrow_forward
- Draw a simple flow diagram or sketch to illustrate the flow path of water through a plant, from the point of uptake from the soil to transpiration and… (read in image below)arrow_forwardSucrose enters the phloem tubes from mesophyll cells in the leaf by: O a. Proton pumps (hydrogen ions are pumped out as sucrose is pumped in). O b. Sucrose pumps. Oc. Co-transport with hydrogen ions. O d. Diffusion down a gradient. O e Osmosis (water carrying the sucrose is sucked in).arrow_forward(4) a. Which one of the following process is responsible for carrying water to the leaves of a tall plant through xylem vessels : a. Transpiration pull b. Root pressure c. b. Absorption through roots Euron The reason for my answer is: a. Due to a force of moving water upward through xylem vessels b. Deficiency of water in the xylem C. Due to a upward pressure exerted by roots d. Removal of water from the leaves and fill that deficiencyarrow_forward
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