Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321885326
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 35, Problem 7TYK
Summary Introduction
To determine: The cause for the link between maternal behavior and stress response of offspring as the Norway rat offspring whose mother don’t interact much with them grow up to be fearful and anxious in new situations.
Concept introduction:
The action of behavior is carried by the muscles in control of nervous system in response to environmental stimulus but it is also influenced by the interactions of genetic information of the organism with its surrounding environment. Thus behavior is product of both environmental and genetic factors.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
An experiment was carried out to investigate proximate mechanisms of behavioural phase change in the locust Locusta fictiva (Figure 2 below). Solitarious locusts were injected with XDA, a dopamine receptor antagonist, either 1 h before or immediately after crowding them for 4 h (N=30 each). A control group of solitarious locusts received a saline injection 1 h before crowding (N=30). Locusts of all three groups were then observed in a behavioural arena to determine their probability of gregariousness (Pgreg). Briefly describe the result and discuss what conclusions you can draw about the proximate mechanism of phase change in this species.
Why is Drosophila melanogaster a relevant model of substance abuse disorders? Select all that apply. Partial point deduction for incorrect choices.
The fruit fly lacks dopaminergic neurons, making it a good negative model for addiction.
Because flies do not display dose-dependent responses to psychoactive drugs, fewer experimental treatments are needed.
The fruit fly has a homologous circadian clock, which can be manipulated to investigate changes in physiological responses to drugs.
Fruit flies are deuterostomes.
Several fly genes responsible for level of ethanol sensitivity have human orthologs.
The fruit fly also has neuropeptides secreted by brain cells that influence preference behaviors.
In the experiment of the impacts of sedative and hypnotic acivities in MEJP leaves, does the different behavioral models in mice are the independent variables while the amount of dosage is the dependent variables?
Chapter 35 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Ch. 35 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 35 - Pheasants do not feed their chicks. Immediately...Ch. 35 - A blue jay that aids its parents in raising its...Ch. 35 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 35 - Crows break the shells of certain molluscs before...Ch. 35 - Prob. 10TYK
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A scientific study demonstrated that rat mothering behavior impacts the stress response in their pups. Rats that were born and grew up with attentive mothers showed low activation of stress-response genes later in life, while rats with inattentive mothers had high activation of stress-response genes in the same situation. An additional study that swapped the pups at birth (i.e., rats born to inattentive mothers grew up with attentive mothers and vice versa) showed the same positive effect of attentive mothering. How do genetics and/or epigenetics explain the results of this study?arrow_forwardYou have received a $500,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to study male signalling in peacock spiders. After your university takes most of that money for overhead costs, you now have a small amount left over to spend on peacock spider research over the next 3 years. What is the first question that you would focus on that you think would increase our understanding of peacock spider male displays the most? State a relevant hypothesis and explain briefly how you would go about testing it.arrow_forwardLooking at Fig. 3a and 3b, how do you know that 3a has a significant difference and that Fig. 3b does not? In the euthyroid HT induces ultrastructure changes in frontal synapses section of the results section the authors wrote “Quantitatively, the ultrastructure of the frontal lobe neurons revealed lower synaptic density (Fig. 5c), fewer presynaptic vesicles (Fig. 5d), shorter active zone length (Fig. 5e), thinner postsynaptic densities (Fig. 5g), and decreased synaptic curvature (Fig. 5h) in the HT mice compared with those in the Con mice.” Based on this quote would you expect nerve transmission to be faster or slower in HT mice?arrow_forward
- The brown-nosed tweety bird can be found in both urban and wild environments. Researchers collected 100 birds from a forest, and divided them into two groups of 50 birds, each with 25 males and 25 females. One group was released into the forest and the other into a nearby city. After 1 year, a group of hardworking students collected all 100 birds and measured stress indices associated with signalling by their "stress glucocorticoid hormone", corticosterone (a steroid). They find that compared to the forest birds, the urban birds have greater levels of a stressed phenotype. Which of the following observations is MOST LIKELY to be part of the explanation for this observation? The urban birds have similar levels of corticosterone, but higher levels of the membrane receptor for this glucocorticoid The urban birds have genetic differences in their glucocorticoid receptor to give it higher affinity, making them more sensitive to corticosterone. The urban birds have lower expression of genes…arrow_forwardWhat is the oblique effect? Please provide behavioural and neural evidence for this effect and explain why are those raised in modern environments more likely to show this deficit than those raised in premodern circumstances living in tents or teepees? //// Cindy drives home through the busy inner-city, and Jason takes the relaxed country road home. Each of them has a noisy kid in the back seat. For whom should the noise be a bigger distractor? Which theory and evidence can you use to justify this prediction?arrow_forwardIn the absence of any environmental cues, a circadian rhythm is said to be entrained, in phase, free running, or phase-shifted?arrow_forward
- How can emotional expression be explained in terms of evolutionary theory?arrow_forward30. Let's consider the pups of that new rat mom. If her behavior is changed as a result of an oxytocin infusion, what effect would this likely have on the hippocampi of the pups? a. Increased production of glucocorticoid receptors, leading to worse control of the stress response b. Decreased production of glucocorticoid receptors, leading to better control of the stress response c. Decreased production of glucocorticoid receptors, leading to worse control of the stress response d. Increased production of glucocorticoid receptors, leading to better control of the stress responsearrow_forwardThe prefrontal cortex receives extensive input from the amygdala, and it uses information about emotion to make the final determination about whether to engage in a specific behavior. Bechara and his colleagues conducted a study on decision-making that compared healthy individuals to patients with damage to the prefrontal cortex. Which of the following statements about this research is FALSE? A) Over time, patients with prefrontal injuries did not produce anticipatory reactions (sweating) before making a "risky" decision. B) At first, both groups of individuals chose the "risky" option more often. C) Both the healthy individuals and the patients eventually switched to the "safer" option once they figured out how the game worked. D) Over time, healthy individuals began to produce a strong anticipatory reaction (sweating) before making a "risky" decision.arrow_forward
- On the basis of what evidence have researchers concluded that 6-month-olds can understand the meaning of facial expressions of emotions? a. Six-month-olds presented with faces expressing different emotions often display the same expressions themselves. b. Six-month-olds are able to produce behaviors consistent with pictures depicting emotional expressions (e.g., laugh when they see happy faces, cry when they see sad faces, cower when presented an angry face, etc.). c. Six-month-olds use their mother's emotional expressions as cues for how they should respond in ambiguous situations. d. All of the responses are accurate.arrow_forwardWhat do these results suggest about the role of PKA in insects that are always gregarious? Insects that are always gregarious show an aberrant PKA activation cycle. PKA plays a role in modifying behavior patterns, but not in establishing the patterns. Gregarious insects do not express the PKA protein. PKA affects behavior only in solitary insects.arrow_forwardBased on what you know about how Serotonin and Octopamine function, do the results of the Octopamine injection make sense? Results: After injecting the Octopamine, the crayfish showed aggressive behavior(either resident male or intruder female/male) Why do you say so? What might explain your results?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning