Concept explainers
To describe: Three specializations of the plant organs and plant cells that help them to adapt their life on the land.
Introduction: Vascular plants, also called tracheophytes, form a large group of plants that use specialized tissues for transporting water and food to several parts in the plant.
Explanation of Solution
There are three essential organs of the vascular plants such as the leaves, stems, and roots. Also, there are various plant cells that help in the adaptations of plants on land. For example: the parenchyma cells, sclerenchyma cells, collenchyma cells, the xylem’s water-conducting cells, and phloem’s sugar-conducting cells.
The three specializations of the plants are as follows:
1. Roots: Roots are present in the soil, where it helps in absorbing the water and minerals and stores the carbohydrates. At first, the roots forms primary roots, and then it forms the lateral roots. For acquiring the nutrients and other substances, root hairs are essential, which are beneath the soil.
2. Stems: It is an organ of the plant that comprises the buds and leaves. The most important function of the stem is in elongating and orienting the shoot, so that it would initiate photosynthesis at a maximum rate. The stem consists of internodes, nodes, axillary buds, and the apical buds.
3. Collenchyma cells: These are the cells that are elongated generally and possess thicker primary walls. The walls are thicker than the parenchymatous cells. These cells are essential for supporting the young parts of the shoots of the plants. These cells help in providing support (flexible) without restraining the growth of the plant.
The three essential organs of the vascular plants are leaves, stems, and roots; the three essential plant cells are parenchyma cells, sclerenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells, which help them in adapting their life on the land.
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Chapter 35 Solutions
Campbell Biology
- Describe the locations and functions of the three tissue systems in land plants.arrow_forwardIn plants, as in other multicellular organisms, cells specialize to perform specific functions. List four examples of ways that specialization provides for the life processes of the plant.arrow_forwardFill out the table on the three basic organs in plants (Roots, Stems, Leaves) in terms of functions and specialized/modified structures Basic Comparison Roots Stems Leaves Major Functions Specialized orModified Structuresarrow_forward
- Roots, stems and leaves have become modified in a variety of ways over evolutionary time.describe any two actual modified plant structures, including their function and whether they are modified roots, stems or leaves.arrow_forwardFill in the general characteristics of the three types of plant cells.arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between the structures (tissues and cells) and their location with respect to the functions of the different plant organs? Give 3 examples.arrow_forward
- Evolutionary biologists have coined the term exaptation to describe a common occurrence in the evolution of life. A plant organ originally has a particular function, however, fulfills a new one. Provide two examples of exaptation in plant organs and elaborate comprehensively.arrow_forwardPlant stem cells such as those found in cambium tissues are able to -fight microbial invaders by becoming mobile and phagocytic. -produce nutrients for other cells. -remain undifferentiated but divide to produce cells that differentiate into new tissues. -exist as mature cells.arrow_forwardUnlike animals, plants continue to grow in their oldest stage of development Which type of plant tissue produces new, undifferentiated cells? ANSWER CHOICES ARE IN THE PHOTO. thanks.arrow_forward
- What type of plant tissue permits all plants to keep growing throughout life?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about age gradients within the plant body is FALSE? Select one: a. Age gradients within the plant body include an apical-basal gradient where the youngest cells are near the apices (tips of shoots and roots). b. Age gradients within the plant body reflect the plant cells’ lack of mobility due to their shared walls. c. Phloem is oldest toward the outermost cell layers of the tree trunk and xylem is oldest toward the innermost cell layers of a tree trunk. d. All of the statements are true. e. Age gradients within the plant cells include walls that are youngest immediately adjacent to the plasma membrane and progressively older toward the middle lamella.arrow_forwardDescribe the functions of the four main tissue types: meristem, dermal, ground & vascular. Draw labeled diagrams showing the locations of each in a mature plant.arrow_forward
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